Development and inequality in the African lions

2020 ◽  
pp. 786-800
Author(s):  
David Potts
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
National Economic ◽  
African Lions

Ghana’s national economic transformation has been widely celebrated; but what about the role of the country’s cities in this transformation? Typically, the contribution of cities in Ghana to the country’s transformation is seen as negative, or non-existent to negligible. This characterization is quite common for cities in Africa for which The State of Africa Cities reports mostly brand as rural poverty-driven settlements. None of these claims, however, is based on a systemic analysis of what contribution cities in Ghana have made to the country’s economic transformation. This chapter, seeks to provide a more careful analysis of the existing statistical and historical evidence. using a heterodox spatial political economy methodology. The chapter argues that most urban residents are either born in cities or are attracted to them from the countryside; but urbanization cannot be explained as ‘poverty driven’, especially when rural poverty in the country has been falling and the urban economies of many cities are booming.

Urban economic development

2020 ◽  
pp. 824-842
Author(s):  
Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Economic ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Urban Economic Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Economic

Ghana’s national economic transformation has been widely celebrated, but the role of its cities in this transformation is poorly understood. Typically, the contribution of cities in Ghana to the country’s transformation is seen as negative, or non-existent to negligible, at best. This characterization is quite common for cities in Africa for which The State of Africa Cities reports mostly brand as rural poverty-driven settlements. None of these claims, however, is based on a systemic analysis of urban economic development. It is this gap that the present chapter seeks to fill. By developing a particular spatial political economy approach and drawing on a wide range of data, this chapter argues that most urban residents are either born in cities or are attracted to them from the countryside, but urbanization cannot be explained as ‘poverty driven’, especially when rural poverty in the country has been falling and the urban economies of many cities are booming.

scholarly journals The development of industrial infrastructure during the industrial modernization of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.13) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Irina Yu. Gedgafova ◽  
Zalina H. Shogentsukova ◽  
Genrietta A. Efendieva ◽  
Svetlana S. Sijajeva ◽  
Janna M. Mirzoeva
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The modern phase of the national economic and financial crisis clearly shows the world economy institutional transformation, increasingly reducing the competitiveness of the Russian industrial complex in particular. According to retrospective analysis carried out by specialists in techno-economic paradigms, this kind of changes occur primarily when the role of the dominant energy resource and, subsequently, the role of other production and infrastructure resources changes in all sectors, including industry. In this regard, the effectiveness of the aggregate production infrastructures of industrial enterprises, hereinafter referred to as the industrial infrastructure, is of theoretical and practical importance at the current stage of economic transformation, and therefore is an appropriate topic for a research. In this article, the authors tried to develop the theoretical issues of modern trends in the industrial infrastructure development, to define methods and mechanisms for its implementation. The article presents the structure of industrial enterprises infrastructure, identifies the problems in managing the production structure and suggests ways to solve the identified problems. 

scholarly journals EKONOMI POLITIK DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INDUSTRIALISASI GLOBAL

SIMAK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 167-181
Author(s):  
Ely Steven Ingratubun ◽  
Wihalminus Sombolayuk
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Fundamentals ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic

The dynamics of globalization and liberalization of the world economy are moving so fast, encouraging increased openness of economic relations between nations. Through various trade agreements, such as APEC, AFTA and CAFTA, competition is increasing. According to the World Economic Forum on global competitiveness, Indonesia was ranked 69th (among 177 countries studied) in 2004 and fell to 74th in 2005 .. The development of industrialization in the global economy is a step strategy in response to economical globalization. The involvement of Indonesia in the global economic cooperation has increased its national commitment, both in undergoing economic liberalization and in developing its national economic competitiveness. This research illustrates Indonesia's political challenges in responding to the dynamic changes of the global economy. So this research is in the form of a literature review of the literature on political economy about the development of global industries as one of the central economies of a country, especially Indonesia in order to stabilize future economic fundamentals. This study aims to find out and explore the role of political economy in the development of global industries in each country, both developing and developed countries and this research to determine the extent to which the role of global industrialization affects the economy of a country in the future.

Explaining the Dynamics of the Southeast Asian Political Economy: State, Society, and the Search for Economic Growth

1993 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Hawes ◽  
Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capitalist Class ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Structuralist Framework

This essay reviews two sets of books that explore the origins and dynamics of Southeast Asia's growth and economic transformation. One set of books utilizes a structuralist framework and emphasizes the role of the state in creating a (now) powerful capitalist class. The other set of books utilizes an institutionalist framework to explain how new patterns of private/public sector collaboration have resulted in rapid economic growth. The authors point to weaknesses in both approaches and to areas where the two approaches can be fruitfully synthesized. They also offer suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Review of the Role of Political Economy with respect to Agricultural Policymaking in Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mfote David
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Political ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Sub Saharan

The role of political economy in agriculture resurfaced with the 1980s economic reforms as development practitioners sought to roll back the state in supporting the sector. Despite development efforts by the international community to support agriculture, the sector continues to experience low growth, market and policy failures preventing it from significantly contributing to rural poverty eradication and foster widespread social development and economic growth. The research article reviews the role of politics in agricultural policymaking with emphasis on Sub Saharan Africa. The desk study reviewed secondary literature from pre and post-colonial period, from scholars in the field of political economy in the agriculture sector. The political economy of agricultural policymaking has significant impact on economic development and change in both developed and developing countries. Mixed development outcomes continue to be experienced especially in Sub Saharan Africa, and this calls for critical analysis of the political economy to have a clear understanding of the political and economic process. Future analysis should use scientific evidence to focus on the role of political leadership in Government and State Houses in agricultural policymaking comparing countries with similar characteristics

Putting Architecture in its Social Place: A Cultural Political Economy of Architecture

Urban Studies ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2519-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Jones
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Social Production ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Cultural Political Economy ◽  
Economic Foundation ◽  
Political Economic

As well as being shaped by bureaucratically codified state regulations, architecture is also fundamentally conditioned by the broader political-economic context in which it is commissioned, designed and understood. However, drawing attention to these noncodified regulations can be controversial, as it necessitates questioning the complex social production of architecture, in the process challenging those discourses that position architecture as a practice concerned primarily with the design of socially meaningful form and meaning. Such discourses have been problematised elsewhere and, building on these contributions, this paper suggests a framework for taking seriously architecture’s distinctive relationship with aesthetics and semiotics while also maintaining a sense of architects’ position as a cultural élite working in definite political-economic contexts. Drawing primarily on theories associated with Pierre Bourdieu and cultural political economy, the paper uses the case of iconic architecture to illustrate this argument. The central role of architecture in recent place-marketing strategies is understood as a resonance between the agendas of high-profile architects and those political and economic agencies ‘selling places’. The role of architecture in providing a culturalised frame within which economic transformation is embedded is a crucial consideration here. In short, this paper suggests the necessity of a non-reductionist, political-economic foundation to the regulation and built environment research agenda.

Threats to the Economic Security of Russia in the Context of Trends in the Development of Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Selivanov ◽  
Vladimir G. Starovoitov ◽  
Dmitriy V. Troshin
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
African Continent ◽  
New Developments ◽  
External Threats ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economic Security

Situation and value of the African continent on the economic and social cardmap of the world dynamically changes and will continue to change throughout all the 21st century with strengthening of the Africa positions in the world. In Russia all the complex of threats and problems which arise owing to political and economic transformation of Africa is not adequately estimated. The scientific literature on economic security issues presents an expanded set of internal and external threats to the national economy that goes beyond the traditional areas of the shadow economy, corruption, economic crime and related segments, including the internal economic stability of the national economy and inter-country competition, the quality of state strategic management, studies of the specifics of ensuring economic security in the conditions of the sixth technological order, intercultural communication and their impact on the economic relations between countries, etc. Incomplete use of such approach to strategy for the countries of Africa creates additional threats and risks for Russia. An analysis of security problems in Africa revealed that studies of economic security in the context of African development trends in Russia are conducted in an unsatisfactory volume, not always taking into account the results of new developments in the field of ensuring economic security. Even the large shifts happening on the African continent, forecasts of this dynamics sometimes are poorly known to experts of a profile of economic security, and many experts of an economic profile including working in the African subject often do not accurately distinguish problems of “economic cooperation” and “the Russian – African relations”, on the one hand, and “economic security of Russia” – with another. In this regard the new scientific problem is proved: need for deeper analysis of trends of economic and social development in Africa as an important component of a system of ensuring national economic security of Russia in the current period and in the future into account the new developments in the sphere of economic security. The main directions of activating scientific research and concentration of practical efforts to increase national economic security, neutralize threats and reduce risk for Russia in the designated context are formulated.

Lord Dacre and the Politics of the Scottish Enlightenment

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
North East ◽  
The Social ◽  
Romantic Movement ◽  
Scottish History

Hugh Trevor-Roper (Lord Dacre) made several iconoclastic interventions in the field of Scottish history. These earned him a notoriety in Scottish circles which, while not undeserved, has led to the reductive dismissal of Trevor-Roper's ideas, particularly his controversial interpretation of the Scottish Enlightenment, as the product of Scotophobia. In their indignation Scottish historians have missed the wider issues which prompted Trevor-Roper's investigation of the Scottish Enlightenment as a fascinating case study in European cultural history. Notably, Trevor-Roper used the example of Scotland to challenge Weberian-inspired notions of Puritan progressivism, arguing instead that the Arminian culture of north-east Scotland had played a disproportionate role in the rise of the Scottish Enlightenment. Indeed, working on the assumption that the essence of Enlightenment was its assault on clerical bigotry, Trevor-Roper sought the roots of the Scottish Enlightenment in Jacobitism, the counter-cultural alternative to post-1690 Scotland's Calvinist Kirk establishment. Though easily misconstrued as a dogmatic conservative, Trevor-Roper flirted with Marxisant sociology, not least in his account of the social underpinnings of the Scottish Enlightenment. Trevor-Roper argued that it was the rapidity of eighteenth-century Scotland's social and economic transformation which had produced in one generation a remarkable body of political economy conceptualising social change, and in the next a romantic movement whose powers of nostalgic enchantment were felt across the breadth of Europe.

Role of The Halal Industry in Recovering the National Economy in Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-214
Author(s):  
Cucu Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Online News ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Halal Food ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Business Sectors

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia is attacking not only public health but also the economy. The presence of Covid-19 has many important impacts on developed countries. There are at least four industries most impacted by this pandemic, including households, MSMEs, companies and the financial industry. However, the halal industry is believed to be more resilient to the Covid-19 pandemic. This durability is because of the principles attributed to the halal sector, namely the importance of fairness, balance and openness. The author’s goal is therefore to carry out more in-depth research on the role of the halal industry in supporting the national economy, which is under pressure because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of study is a literature review with a material analysis approach that explores the conditions of the halal industry in Indonesia in depth. The material received is as books, published information, and online news. The findings of this study reveal that there are three halal business sectors that are believed to be more vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemic in order to facilitate national economic recovery. Halal finance, halal food and halal fashion industries are among them. Halal finance from both the banking sector and the Islamic stock market has proved to be more robust than the mainstream financial sector. Besides guaranteed halal food, its wellbeing is also guaranteed, and halal fashion is now on the rise as Muslim fashion is increasingly innovative and global. We believe the three of them to have experienced vigorous growth, and also to continue to draw customers. And also after the Covid-19 pandemic, these three sectors could survive. Thus the halal industry also contributes to Indonesian economy.

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