scholarly journals Towards a context-aware Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1869
Author(s):  
Zineb Aarab ◽  
Asmae El Ghazi ◽  
Rajaa Saidi ◽  
Moulay Driss Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Application Developers

Recently, the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is spreading rapidly. WSNs are highly distributed self-organized systems which comprise a large number of resource constrained sensor nodes. Developers of WSNs face many challenges from communication, memory, limited energy… Also, mobility has become a major concern for WSN researchers. Indeed, Mobile WSNs (MWSN) consist of mobile sensor nodes that can move on their own and also interact with the physical environment. Developing applications for MWSN is a complicated process because of the wide variety of WSN applications and low-level implementation details. Integrating context-awareness can improve MWSN applications results. In this paper, some research issues and challenges involved in the design of WSNs are presented. Model-Driven Engineering offers an effective solution to WSN application developers by hiding the details of lower layers and raising the level of abstraction. In this sense, we propose a context-aware WSN architecture and WSN metamodel to ease the work for developers in this field. 

scholarly journals A Range Based and Range Free Localization in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 699-705
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Medical Monitoring ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Range Free

Wireless Sensor Networks is an ever changing research area in the communication field. Sensor networks are crucial means for various application areas like acoustic detection, medical monitoring, military surveillance etc. Different research issues are encountered in that field often. Among them, Localization is a major issue-based concept in wireless sensor network (WSN) which needs lot of focus and remedial mechanisms. The identification of the location of the sensor nodes is a critical factor in data gathering in the sensing field. The problem faced in this area of application is identifying the physical being of the sensors their post- deployment. This paper aims at proposing certain strategies and schemes in resolving the issue of localization. The study aims at focusing the range based and range free localization techniques which may aid the current and future researchers in and technologists who intend to pursue learning of application in wireless sensor networks.

Energy-Aware and Time-Critical Geo-Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingqi Xu ◽  
Wang-Chien Lee ◽  
Jianliang Xu ◽  
Gail Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Rate ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Time Critical

Volunteer forwarding, as an emerging routing idea for large scale, location-aware wireless sensor networks, has recently received significant attention. However, several critical research issues raised by volunteer forwarding, including communication collisions, communication voids, and time-critical routing, have not been well addressed by the existing work. In this paper, we propose a priority-based stateless geo-routing (PSGR) protocol that addresses these issues. Based on PSGR, sensor nodes are able to locally determine their priority to serve as the next relay node using dynamically estimated network density. This effectively suppresses potential communication collisions without prolonging routing delays. PSGR also overcomes the communication void problem using two alternative stateless schemes, rebroadcast and bypass. Meanwhile, PSGR supports routing of time-critical packets with different deadline requirements at no extra communication cost. Additionally, we analyze the energy consumption and the delivery rate of PSGR as functions of the transmission range. Finally, an extensive performance evaluation has been conducted to compare PSGR with competing protocols, including GeRaf, IGF, GPSR, flooding, and MSPEED. Simulation results show that PSGR exhibits superior performance in terms of energy consumption, routing latency, and delivery rate, and soundly outperforms all of the compared protocols.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comprehensive Survey

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Nakas ◽  
Dionisis Kandris ◽  
Georgios Visvardis
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are among the most emerging technologies, thanks to their great capabilities and their ever growing range of applications. However, the lifetime of WSNs is extremely restricted due to the delimited energy capacity of their sensor nodes. This is why energy conservation is considered as the most important research concern for WSNs. Radio communication is the utmost energy consuming function in a WSN. Thus, energy efficient routing is necessitated to save energy and thus prolong the lifetime of WSNs. For this reason, numerous protocols for energy efficient routing in WSNs have been proposed. This article offers an analytical and up to date survey on the protocols of this kind. The classic and modern protocols presented are categorized, depending on i) how the network is structured, ii) how data are exchanged, iii) whether location information is or not used, and iv) whether Quality of Service (QoS) or multiple paths are or not supported. In each distinct category, protocols are both described and compared in terms of specific performance metrics, while their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Finally, the study findings are discussed, concluding remarks are drawn, and open research issues are indicated.

Context-Aware Broadcast in Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 1252-1272
Author(s):  
Imen Jemili ◽  
Dhouha Ghrab ◽  
Abdelfettah Belghith ◽  
Mohamed Mosbah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
Application Requirements

As the energy efficiency remains a key issue in wireless sensor networks, duty-cycled mechanisms acquired much interest due to their ability to reduce energy consumption by allowing sensor nodes to switch to the sleeping state whenever possible. The challenging task is to authorize a sensor node to adopt a duty-cycle mode without inflicting any negative impact on the performance of the network. A context-aware paradigm allows sensors to adapt their functional behavior according to the context in order to enhance network performances. In this context, the authors propose an enhanced version the Efficient Context-Aware Multi-hop Broadcasting (E-ECAB) protocol, which combines the advantages of context awareness by considering a multi criteria and duty-cycle technique in order to optimize resources usage and satisfy the application requirements. Simulation results show that E-ECAB achieves a significant improvement in term of throughput and end-to-end delay without sacrificing energy efficiency.

Context-Aware Broadcast in Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Jemili ◽  
Dhouha Ghrab ◽  
Abdelfettah Belghith ◽  
Mohamed Mosbah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
Application Requirements

As the energy efficiency remains a key issue in wireless sensor networks, duty-cycled mechanisms acquired much interest due to their ability to reduce energy consumption by allowing sensor nodes to switch to the sleeping state whenever possible. The challenging task is to authorize a sensor node to adopt a duty-cycle mode without inflicting any negative impact on the performance of the network. A context-aware paradigm allows sensors to adapt their functional behavior according to the context in order to enhance network performances. In this context, the authors propose an enhanced version the Efficient Context-Aware Multi-hop Broadcasting (E-ECAB) protocol, which combines the advantages of context awareness by considering a multi criteria and duty-cycle technique in order to optimize resources usage and satisfy the application requirements. Simulation results show that E-ECAB achieves a significant improvement in term of throughput and end-to-end delay without sacrificing energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Retrospection on Localization Techniques for Positioning Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-973
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Topology Control ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Location Services ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Current Location ◽  
Significant Research

Wireless Sensor Networks have highly scattered, self-organized nodes that can detect, compute, and transmit the information collected at different nodes in the network. These nodes spread over a specific topographical zone. They enhance the instantaneous formation of the network. Knowing the current location of a node is a crucial and cardinal requirement for any application promulgated in WSN. Once the locations of the sensor nodes can be precisely positioned, there are ample of probabilities for the data transmission of the network to be excelling inefficiency. Location responsiveness enables essential network features such as coverage, routing, deployment, topology control, clustering, boundary discovery, target tracking, rescue, and other location services. Hence, WSN localization has become a breath and backbone arena that ostentatiously attracted significant research interest. Our work traces a compilation of all the dynamic research in sensor networks on localization techniques and emanates eminent understanding of it.

scholarly journals Modeling and analyzing malware diffusion in wireless sensor networks based on cellular automaton

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 155014772097294
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Shigen Shen ◽  
Qiying Cao ◽  
Xiaojun Wu ◽  
Shaofeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
The Stability

Wireless sensor networks, as a multi-hop self-organized network system formed by wireless communication, are vulnerable to malware diffusion by breaking the data confidentiality and service availability, owing to their low configuration and weak defense mechanism. To reveal the rules of malware diffusion in the really deployed wireless sensor networks, we propose a model called Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton to describe the dynamics of malware diffusion based on cellular automaton. According to the model, we first analyze and obtain the differential equations, which can reflect the various state dynamics of sensor nodes with cellular automaton. Then, we attain the equilibrium points of the model Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton to determine the threshold for whether malware will diffuse or die out in wireless sensor networks. Furthermore, we compute the basic regeneration number of the model Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton using the next-generation matrix and prove the stability of the equilibrium points. Finally, via experimental simulation, we verify the effectiveness of the model Malware Diffusion Based on Cellular Automaton, which can provide administrators with the theoretical guidance on suppressing malware diffusion in wireless sensor networks.

scholarly journals A Survey on Security in Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
pp. 223-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilker Korkmaz ◽  
Orhan Dagdeviren ◽  
Fatih Tekbacak ◽  
Mehmet Emin Dalkilic
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Specific Part

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a promising technology that has attracted the interest of research in the last decade. Security is one of the fundamental issues in sensor networks since sensor nodes are very resource constrained. An attacker may modify, insert, and delete new hardware and software components to the system where a single node, a specific part of the sensing area, and the whole network may become inoperable. Thus, the design of early attack detection and defense mechanisms must be carefully considered. In this chapter, the authors survey attacks and their defense mechanisms in WSNs. Attacks are categorized according to the related protocol layer. They also investigate the open research issues and emerging technologies on security in WSNs.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Reliable and Congestion-Aware Transport Layer Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhisham Sharma ◽  
Trilok C. Aseri
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Congestion Aware ◽  
Transport Layer Protocols

Design and implementation of wireless sensor Networks have gathered increased attention in recent years due to vast potential of sensor networks consisting of spatially distributed devices (motes) to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions at different locations. Wireless sensor networks are built upon low cost nodes with limited battery (power), CPU clock (processing capacity), and memory modules (storage). Transport layer protocols applied to wireless sensor networks can handle the communications between the sink node and sensor nodes in upstream (sensor-to-sink) or downstream (sink-to-sensor) direction. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of reliable and congestion aware transport layer protocols for wireless sensor networks and number of open issues that have to be carefully realized to make use of the wireless sensor networks more efficiently and to enhance their performance. We first list the characteristics of transport layer protocols. We then provide a summary of reliable and congestion aware transport layer protocols with their respective pros and cons and comparison of different protocols based on reliability, congestion control, and energy efficiency. Finally, we point out open research issues of transport layer protocols for wireless sensor networks, which need further attention to overcome the earlier mentioned challenges.

scholarly journals A Self-Organized and Smart-Adaptive Clustering and Routing Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyuhong Lee ◽  
Heesang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Fitness Value ◽  
Better Than

Efficient energy consumption is a critical factor for the deployment and operation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In general, WSNs perform clustering and routing using localized neighbor information only. Therefore, some studies have used self-organized systems and smart mechanisms as research methods. In this paper, we propose a self-organized and smart-adaptive clustering (SOSAC) and routing method, which performs clustering in WSNs, operates the formed clusters in a smart-adaptive way, and performs cluster-based routing. SOSAC is comprised of three mechanisms, which are used to change the fitness value over time, to back up routing information in preparation for any potential breakdown in WSNs, and to adapt to the changes of the number of sensor nodes for a WSN. We compared the performance of the proposed SOSAC with that of a well-known clustering and routing protocol for WSNs. Our computational experiments demonstrate that the network lifetime, energy consumption, and scalability of SOSAC are better than those of the compared method.

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