Principals’ Instructional Leadership towards Teachers' Self-Efficacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.30) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Nitce Isa Medina Machmudi Isa ◽  
Azlin Norhaini Mansor ◽  
Jamalul Lail Abdul Wahab ◽  
Bity Salwana Alias
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

Principals’ instructional leadership practices have proved to be an imperative predictor to teachers’ self-efficacy. Yet, educators are concerned about the ability to adapt to new instructional leaderships due to unspoken principal-teacher expectations. This paper discusses the extent of instructional leadership practices by two newly transferred principals at two different schools. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine how their instructional leadership practices affected the self-efficacy of the teachers. Through the use of a cross-sectional survey, responses made by 64 teachers employed in one public school and one privately-run school, were compared. The Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) Teacher Short Form and the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) were used for data collection. The findings showed a high level of instructional leadership practices and self-efficacy in both schools. The test results indicated a strong and positive relationship between the principals’ perceived instructional leadership practices and the teachers’ self-efficacy. Some of the details even suggested that newly transferred principals enforce specific school goals as their main agenda. Nevertheless, the areas of significance identified by this study may help district school superintendents develop the right knowledge to support newly transferred principals in their instructional leadership, thus enhancing teachers’ self-efficacy at the school level.  

scholarly journals Determinants of Nutrition Care Practice by Midwives and Nurses in the Antenatal and Postnatal Care Settings: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Survey From Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110483
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Kumbiley ◽  
Anthony Amalba ◽  
Paul Armah Aryee ◽  
Simon Agongo Azure ◽  
Victor Mogre
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
School Level ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Care ◽  
Antenatal And Postnatal Care

Aim. Midwives and nurses are critical in nutrition care for pregnant women and lactating mothers. Ghanaian nurses and midwives’ perception of the adequacy and their satisfaction with nutrition education received during training in school, level of nutrition care competencies, and nutrition practice behavior is unknown. We evaluated the adequacy of nutrition education received in nursing and midwifery school; nutrition care competencies; self-efficacy and the nutrition care practice of midwives and nurses. We also evaluated determinants of nutrition care practice during routine antenatal and postnatal care. Methods. Cross-sectional study conducted among midwives and nurses working at antenatal and postnatal clinics in Ghana. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, correlation, and linear regression. Findings. Almost 90% (n = 267) of the participants received nutrition education during training, 77.5% were unsatisfied with the amount of time allocated for nutrition education and 40% felt inadequately prepared from school to provide nutrition care. Self-efficacy ranged from moderate to low. Determinants of nutrition care practice were age of respondents ( B = 0.04; P = .002), nutrition-related knowledge ( B = 0.05; P = .016), adequacy of nutrition education ( B = 0.14; P = .006), nutrition training after school ( B = 0.38; P = .010) and nutrition care self-efficacy ( B = 0.03; P = .048). Conclusion. Notable knowledge gaps in basic nutrition, inadequate preparedness, and poor confidence to provide nutrition care was common. There is a need to improve the nutrition education experiences of midwives and nurses through curricula revision and refresher training courses.

scholarly journals The levels of self-efficacy among obstetric fistula patients in different repair categories at St. Joseph Kitovu Hospital, Uganda. A cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shallon Atuhaire ◽  
Akin-Tunde A Odukogbe ◽  
John Francis Mugisha ◽  
Oladosu A Ojengbede
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
High Level

Objective: The repair of obstetric fistula is possible and potentially addresses the physical ordeals, but the psycho-social afflictions with effect on patients’ self-efficacy may persist. Meanwhile, inadequate evidence exists regarding the levels of self-efficacy among patients in different repair categories, which incited this study. Methods: Data was collected and analyzed among the 402 participants at St. Joseph Kitovu Hospital Masaka, Uganda. 390 participants were involved in quantitative methods while 22 were involved in qualitative methods. Only obstetric fistula patients were involved in the quantitative study, 10 of them in a qualitative study. The other 12 were key informants who were included purposively. The patients were identified from the Urogynecology department surgical logbook, randomly sampled using SPSS 25.0, invited by phone calls and others identified through snowballing. Results: Among the patients, 192 had had repair of the fistula, of which 82.3% had been successful while 198 had not yet had fistula repair. The largest proportion (47.0%) was aged 19 to 29 years. The levels of self-efficacy among the patients included low, moderate and high. The larger proportion (60.26%) had a moderate level, 20.00% had a high level while 19.74% had a low level of self-efficacy. However, when Pearson correlation was done, the patients whose fistula had been repaired had a higher level of self-efficacy compared to those with unrepaired fistula with all the attributes of self-efficacy having P-values of <0.001 at a significant level of 0.05. Interviewees also reported that patients with repaired fistula generally have higher levels of self-efficacy compared to those whose fistulas are not yet repaired. Conclusion: Obstetric fistula patients may have low, moderate or higher levels of self-efficacy depending on the level of incontinence, repair status, and prior training in life skills. Therefore, targeted strategies aimed to reduce incontinence and promote wellbeing such as the repair of fistula, life skills training and counseling would improve the levels of self-efficacy henceforth enhance social rehabilitation and reintegration.

scholarly journals Bhutanese School Principals’ Discernments towards Instructional Leadership Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
K. Dorjee Wangchuk ◽  
. Choden
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Instructional Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Academic Qualification ◽  
High Level

The authors report a study in which they examined how the principals utilize to analyze the level and contrast of principals’ discernments towards instructional leadership practices based on individual and institutional factors along with identification of hindrances to leadership practice in Bhutan. The quantitative and qualitative approaches were deployed for this research. Three instructional leadership dimensions of, managing instructional programs, defining the school mission and promoting a positive school learning environment were used as measurement of criteria. The data were collected through Principals Instructional Management Rating Scale questionnaires and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, and content analysis. The respondents consisted of 31 principals. These 31 principals are the representative of Instructional leadership from one of the districts in Bhutan. The findings of this study revealed principals’ high-level practices of instructional leadership and consistency among the personal and institutional factors. The result showed that all the 10 instructional leadership functions (Principals Instructional Management Rating Scale) almost at high level and overall mean generated was also high (3:58). Distinguished obstacles to instructional leadership were various roles, time limitations, work over-burden, lacking guidelines resources, shortages of teacher, restricted bolster for professional advancement, jumble between expectations and priorities. Within the light of the above findings, researcher would like to conclude that building learning culture not only depends on individual academic qualification but also the working environment and attitude of the academic committee towards student centered learning beneath the supervision of effective instructional leadership.

scholarly journals Using self-efficacy to assess the readiness of nursing educators and students for mobile learning

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F Kenny ◽  
Jocelyne MC Van Neste-Kenny ◽  
Pamela A Burton ◽  
Caroline L Park ◽  
Adnan Qayyum
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nursing Educators ◽  
High Level

The purpose of this study was to assess the self-efficacy of nursing faculty and students related to their potential use of mobile technology and to ask what implications this technology has for their teaching and learning in practice education contexts. We used a cross-sectional survey design involving students and faculty in two nursing education programs in a western Canadian college. In January, 2011, 121 faculty members and students completed the survey. Results showed a high level of ownership and use of mobile devices among our respondents. The median mobile self-efficacy score was 75 on a scale of 100, indicating that both faculty and students were highly confident in their use of mobile technologies and prepared to engage in mobile learning.<br /><br />

scholarly journals The Influence of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and School Leaders’ Transformational Leadership Practices on Teachers’ Innovative Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6423
Author(s):  
Mohammed Afandi Zainal ◽  
Mohd Effendi Ewan Mohd Matore
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Innovative Behaviour

Background: The current rapid development demands educators to possess innovative behaviour. Presently, in the environment of rapid technological growth and borderless global communication, teachers with innovative behaviour are capable of facing each painful challenge that confronts the education system; therefore, it is essential to understand the factors influencing the innovative behaviour of teachers. Purpose: To identify the influence of teachers’ self-efficacy and school administrators’ transformational leadership practices on teachers’ innovative behaviour. Method: A quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design with a sample of 1415 teachers from four states in Malaysia, and the data were statistically analysed using SPSS® version 26.0 for Windows™ (IBM Corporation, New York, NY, USA). Result: Multiple Regression Analysis found that teachers’ self-efficacy and school administrators’ transformational leadership practices both had a significant influence on teachers’ innovative behaviour by contributing 47.0% of the variance in teachers’ innovative behaviour. Conclusion: The findings suggested that teachers’ self-efficacy and school administrators’ transformational leadership practices both play a role in influencing teachers’ innovative behaviour. Therefore, the stakeholders need to consider the aspects of self-efficacy and transformational leadership practices of school administrators in drafting policies and related programmes to improve teachers’ innovative behaviour.

Instructional Leadership Practices in Under-Enrolled Rural Schools in Miri, Sarawak

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Andy Fred ◽  
Gurcharan Singh Bishen Singh
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

This study focuses on teachers’ perceptions of their headmasters’ instructional leadership practices in under-enrolled rural schools of Sarawak, Malaysia. It also focuses on the issues and challenges faced by the headmasters in practicing instructional leadership roles as demanded by the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025. The mixed method research employed the Instructional Leadership Model by Hallinger and Murphy (1985). The quantitative data was collected through a survey method using ‘The Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) adapted from Hallinger (2008) and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS IBM Version 22.0 software. The qualitative data from interviews were coded thematically and analysed to support the survey results. The study found the level of the headmasters’ instructional leadership in the three dimensions as “medium high” (mean = 3.57, SD = 0.90). There is a statistically significant difference between male and female teachers’ perceptions regarding their headmasters’ instructional leadership practices. This study also revealed the headmasters’ instructional leadership practices as “medium high” level among under-enrolled rural schools. However, the issues and challenges faced by the schools made it more difficult for them to improve their academic qualities.   Keywords: Instructional Leadership, Under-enrolled Schools, Rural Schools

scholarly journals Empathy and Self-Efficacy in Elderly Nursing Practice among Korean Nurses

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3072
Author(s):  
Seyoon Kim ◽  
Hyun Jin Roh ◽  
Sohyune Sok
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Care Service ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nurse Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
High Level

The Korean government is activating an integrated nurse care service, in which all inpatient care services are provided by a proper nursing team without a caregiver or a guardian staying at the hospital. This study was to examine the influence of empathy and self-efficacy on the elderly nursing practice of nurses at integrated nurse care service wards in South Korea. A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed. Participants included 238 nurses who were working at integrated nurse care service wards in hospitals in Seoul, South Korea. Measures were a general characteristics form, the Empathy Construct Rating Scale, the Korean Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Korean Elderly Nursing Practice Scale. Data were collected from February to May 2017. The findings show a slightly higher level of empathy; an almost intermediate level of self-efficacy; and a high level of elderly nursing practice in Korean nurses at integrated nurse care service wards. The only factor found to impact significantly on elderly nursing practice was empathy. The findings suggest that nurses need to enhance empathy toward the elderly to improve elderly nursing practice. It is necessary to provide strategies or interventions in the nursing management for improvement of the empathy of nurses at integrated nurse care service wards in South Korea.

A gap between Law and Practice: A Community’s Perception of Unmarried Women’s Abortion Options in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Simone Christensen Hald ◽  
Ditte Aagaard Sondergaard
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Abortion ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Abortion Law ◽  
Premarital Sexual Activity ◽  
Premarital Sexual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background In 2002, the Nepalese abortion law went from being highly restrictive to fully liberal. This study aimed to explore a local community’s perception of the situation for unmarried Nepalese women wanting to practice their legal right to abortion.Methods The study comprised a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews with men and women above the age of 16 years living in the Makwanpur District, Nepal. The final data included 55 questionnaires and 16 interviews. The questionnaire data was univariate analysed, while a condensation of meaning analysis was carried out on the interviews.Results The overall awareness of abortion being legal was high, although the extent of knowledge of the specific legal grounds varied. Unmarried women were believed to have access to abortion services, although they risked stigmatisation due to their marital status. The community attitude towards these women having abortions was very negative, hence it differed from the legal acceptance of all women having the right to abortion. This was explained by societal norms on premarital sexual activity. Generally, the participants felt that changing attitudes would be difficult but possible over time.Conclusion A considerable gap exists between the legal acceptance of abortion and community attitudes when it comes to unmarried women as this group encounters barriers when wanting to practice their right. Therefore, these barriers need to be addressed to allow unmarried Nepalese women access to safe abortion services without the risk of being stigmatised.One possible alternative is educational initiatives such as disseminating information vigorously through mass media to create awareness.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hprospect.v12i2.9869 Health Prospect Vol.12(2) 2013: 24-30

scholarly journals Vaccination knowledge, attitudes and practices in patients with HIV: a cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rousset ◽  
G Voglino ◽  
E Boietti ◽  
A Corradi ◽  
M R Gualano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contagion Risk ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Infectious diseases are more common and severe in patients with HIV, which show different response to vaccines and a diminished protection. It is therefore very important to assess knowledge and attitudes towards vaccination in people with HIV, since precise vaccination coverage and vaccine hesitancy are not well established in this subgroup of patients. Methods A sample of 119 patients with HIV completed a cross-sectional survey. Patients were recruited during their routine medical examination at the infectious diseases clinic in Turin. The survey explored these main areas: demographics and history of HIV infection, vaccination history, attitudes towards vaccination, confidence in the public health system, contagion risk and disease seriousness perception. In this preliminary phase descriptive analysis were conducted. Results Preliminary data show that mean age of the participants was 49.51 years, 80% were males. The median of HIV infection duration was 10 years, while the median of the lymphocyte count was 762.50 cells/mm3. The disease with the highest vaccination coverage was tetanus (88.7%), considered a serious or very serious disease by 85.6% of the participants, despite low or very low contagion risk perception (84.1%). The disease with the lowest vaccination coverage was Herpes Zoster (7.3%), despite high or very high seriousness perception (70%). Furthermore, 99.1% of the participants showed high or very high confidence toward public health system professionals, and the majority of them (59.5%) stated that vaccines are more useful for the community than for the single person. Conclusions Vaccination coverage is still not fully satisfactory regarding diseases considered infrequent or mild. Considering the high level of confidence toward the public health system that has emerged, it is necessary to implement informative and operative strategies about vaccination for European HIV patients, which are particularly at risk regarding infectious diseases. Key messages Vaccination coverage and risk perception in HIV patients is not satisfactory for many diseases and an effort to implement informative strategies in Europe is needed. The role of vaccination in preventing infectious diseases in HIV patients should be recognized and strengthened by relying on the high level of confidence toward European public health systems.

scholarly journals Parental evaluation of a revised autism spectrum disorder diagnostic process for children under 36 months of age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Lemay ◽  
Shauna Langenberger ◽  
Scott McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background The Alberta Children’s Hospital-Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Clinic (ACH-ASDC) was restructured due to long wait times and unsustainable clinic workflow. Major changes included the initiation of pre- and post-ASD parent education sessions and distinct ASD screening appointments before the ASD diagnostic appointment. Methods We conducted a parental program evaluation in summer 2018 of the ACH-ASDC. We used a cross-sectional survey to evaluate key outcomes including parental satisfaction, and the percentage of families obtaining access to government supports and early intervention programs. Results For the 101 eligible patients diagnosed with ASD under 36 months of age 70 (69.3%) parents agreed to participate. The mean diagnostic age of the children diagnosed with ASD was 30.6 months (SD=4.1 months). There were no statistically significant age differences between biological sexes. Ninety-three per cent of parents felt that ASD educational sessions were useful, and 92% of parents were satisfied to very satisfied with the overall ASD diagnostic process. Ninety per cent of parents had access to at least one of the key resources available for ASD early intervention in our province following diagnosis. Parents reported a positive impact on intervention provided to their child in the areas of communication, social interaction, and behaviour. Conclusion Parents of children diagnosed with ASD expressed a high level of satisfaction with the restructured ACH-ASDC process. Implementing parent education sessions was well received and met parents’ needs. Parents were able to access intervention services following diagnosis and reported positive impacts for their child. Re-envisioning program approaches to incorporate novel strategies to support families should be encouraged.

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