scholarly journals Comparative Study between Linear-Interpolation and Stress-Block Methods of Composite Design Using Cold-Formed Steel Section

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.9) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M. Lawan ◽  
P N. Shek ◽  
M M. Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Stud Shear Connector ◽  
Headed Stud ◽  
Floor System

For decades, Hot Rolled Steel (HRS) section was in use in construction of buildings and bridges. The simple reason is that the use of HRS section in composite systems is well established by standard rules and their design necessities as provided in the codes. In this paper, the use of doubly oriented back-to-back Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) section coupled with bolted shear connectors in composite floor system was demonstrated. The bolted system of shear connector provides an alternative to headed stud shear connector with CFS section as welding of the stud connector is practically not feasible on CFS section because of its thinness nature. The loading system used was four-point bending test to determine the flexural strength capabilities of the composite floor system. The resulting composite floor system has proven to provide adequate strength and stiffness properties under the applied loads. The results have shown that the theoretical value of flexural capacities calculated agrees reasonably well with the experimental values. In conclusion, the composite floor system can be used in small and medium size buildings, as well as in light weight construction industries.    

scholarly journals Static and Fatigue Behavior of Rubber-Sleeved Stud Shear Connectors as Part of Field-Cast Ultra-High Performance Concrete Connections

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqing Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Rubber Sleeve ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Stud Shear Connector

Field-cast ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) connections are an innovative and prospective solution for combining full-depth precast concrete decks and steel girders. However, previous studies show that the slip capacity of stud shear connectors embedded in UHPC cannot meet the requirements for ductile connectors by Eurocode 4, which can reduce the resistance of steel and concrete composite members. In this study, the rubber-sleeved stud shear connector, which is a composite of ordinary stud and rubber sleeve, was adopted for the field-cast UHPC connections. Push-out tests were conducted to investigate the static and fatigue behavior of the rubber-sleeved stud shear connector as part of field-cast UHPC connections. Results of static tests showed that the rubber-sleeved stud shear connector has sufficient deformation capacity and its slip capacity is 1.5 times that of the ordinary stud shear connector. Compared to ordinary stud shear connectors, UHPC with high strength and stiffness has a relatively small effect on improving the shear strength and stiffness of rubber-sleeve stud shear connectors. Results of fatigue tests showed that the rubber-sleeved stud shear connector in UHPC has similar fatigue behavior to that in normal strength concrete. Though UHPC improves the restraint to the stud deformation, the influence of rubber sleeves is still decisive in determining the fatigue behavior of rubber-sleeve stud shear connectors. In addition, based on the results of strain gauges at stud roots, it was found that the crack initiation process consumes a small proportion of the fatigue life of rubber-sleeved stud shear connectors, which is about 5%.

scholarly journals Investigations on Efficiently Interfaced Steel Concrete Composite Deck Slabs

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Lakshmikandhan ◽  
P. Sivakumar ◽  
R. Ravichandran ◽  
S. Arul Jayachandran
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Shear ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Deck Slab

The strength of the composite deck slab depends mainly on the longitudinal shear transfer mechanism at the interface between steel and concrete. The bond strength developed by the cement paste is weak and causes premature failure of composite deck slab. This deficiency is effectively overcame by a shear transferring mechanism in the form of mechanical interlock through indentations, embossments, or fastening studs. Development of embossment patterns requires an advanced technology which makes the deck profile expensive. Fastening studs by welding weakens the joint strength and also escalates the cost. The present investigation is attempted to arrive at a better, simple interface mechanism. Three types of mechanical connector schemes are identified and investigated experimentally. All of the three shear connector schemes exhibited full shear interaction with negligible slip. The strength and stiffness of the composite slabs with shear connectors are superior about one and half time compared to these of the conventional reinforced concrete slabs and about twice compared to these of composite slabs without mechanical shear connectors. The scheme2 and scheme3 shear connector mechanisms integrate deck webs and improve strength and stiffness of the deck, which can effectively reduce the cost of formworks and supports efficiently.

Headed stud shear connector for thin ultrahigh-performance concrete bridge deck

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee-Sang Kim ◽  
Jongwon Kwark ◽  
Changbin Joh ◽  
Sung-Won Yoo ◽  
Kyoung-Chan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Concrete Bridge Deck ◽  
Stud Shear Connector ◽  
Headed Stud

A Comparative Study of Ultimate Strength and Behaviour of Steel Concrete Composite Beam with Shear Connectors Subjected to Pure Torsion

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 6892-6895
Author(s):  
J Thivya ◽  
R Malathy ◽  
D Tensing
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Composite Beam ◽  
Torsion Test ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Pure Torsion ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Physical Response ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

This study concerns the employment of pure torsion analysis to determine ultimate strength of composite beam with shear connectors. The effect of shear connector is used for increasing the strength and stiffness of composite beam. This behavior is influenced by physical response of the beam under pure torsion. Totally 12 beams are tested and comparative analysis has been made within this 12 beams. The curvature, rotation and angle of twist are calculated throughout entire load by torsion test. This investigation proves that the composite beam with 75 mm spaced shear connector provides good ultimate strength.

FEASIBILITY OF USING BOLTED SHEAR CONNECTOR WITH COLD-FORMED STEEL IN COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Muhammad Lawan ◽  
Mahmood Md. Tahir ◽  
Emad Hosseinpour
Keyword(s):  
Shear Connector ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Composite Construction ◽  
Composite Action ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Shear Connection ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel ◽  
Push Out

In conventional composite construction for hot-rolled steel (HRS) section, the composite action is usually achieved by using headed studs shear connectors. But, for cold-formed steel (CFS) section, the use of headed studs is not feasible as the section is very thin and difficult to be weld.  Therefore, an innovative way of shear connection mechanism of using bolt and nut is suggested in this study. This paper presents the feasibility of using bolt as shear connector by presenting experimental test results so as to explore more on their capability to be used as shear connectors. The study investigated the structural capability of the proposed bolted shear connector when used in concrete known as Self-compacting concrete (SCC) integrated with CFS to provide the required composite action. Push out test specimens with bolted shear connector of grade 8.8 at designated intervals longitudinally spaced were fabricated, cast and tested to failure. The results showed that the proposed shear connector was structurally capable and also an appreciable strength resistance was achieved. 

scholarly journals Pengaruh Panjang dan Diameter Stud terhadap Keruntuhan Geser Struktur Komposit Baja-Beton

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Rahma Nindya Ayu Hapsari ◽  
Ilham Nurhuda ◽  
Nuroji Nuroji
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Stud Shear Connector ◽  
Push Out

Composite structures of concrete slabs and steel beams require shear connectors to transfer shear force between steel beams and concrete slabs. The strength of stud shear connector specified on SNI 03-1729-2013 only considers the effect of stud diameter, however the length of a stud may influence its behavior and strength. This research observes the effects of length and diameter (𝓁/𝒹) of shear connectors on the strength. This research was conducted using the push out method explain in AS-4347- Part I. The test specimens observed in this research were concrete and steel composites, composing IWF 350x175x11x14 mm and concrete blocks of size 450x225x160 mm. The studs were made of steel reinforcements with diameter (𝒹) of 10, 16 and 22 mm, were welded on IWF with 5 mm weld thickness. The length of studs for each stud diameter were 4d, 5d, and 6d. The results indicate that the increase in stud diameter will increase the load capacity of stud. The length of studs effect its load capacity. A slim stud experiences large bending moment at the base of the shear connector. The results show that the highest value of load capacity is measured at specimens with 𝓁/𝒹 ratio of 5.

scholarly journals Estimation of friction contribution in the behavior of steel-concrete composite beams with flexible shear connectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson Queiroz ◽  
Hermes Carvalho ◽  
Francisco Rodrigues ◽  
Michèle Pfeilo
Keyword(s):  
Composite Beam ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Ultimate Limit

A shear connector, developed to be applied to a composite beam whose steel profile is a thin-walled box profile, displayed much greater flexibility than the conventional welded shear connector, leading to particular issues in the composite beam behaviour. One of these issues is the role played by friction at the interface between the steel profile and the slab which, under particular circumstances, may be relevant for serviceability limit states and also for ultimate limit states. The Brazilian and American Standards do not yet recognize the friction contribution in the behaviour of composite beams, though they recognize this contribution in composite slabs. This paper presents the experimental tests carried out with and without friction contribution on simple supported composite beams with flexible connectors and the numerical models developed to simulate the behaviour of the tested beams. The experimental tests revealed significant increases in strength and stiffness of the composite beam due to friction contribution and the comparisons between numerical and experimental results displayed good correlations.

Numerical Simulation on Failure Process of Rubber-Sleeved Headed Stud Shear Connector

2013 ◽  
Vol 577-578 ◽  
pp. 617-620
Author(s):  
Xiao Qing Xu ◽  
Yu Qing Liu ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Jie Luo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Stud Shear Connector ◽  
Headed Stud

Rubber-sleeved headed stud shear connector is flexible shear connector used in steel-concrete composite structures. In this work, nonlinear finite element model has been developed to simulate the failure process of the shear connector under shear loading. The stress distribution, deformation, crack propagation and failure mode were analyzed. The material nonlinearities of rubber, headed stud, concrete were considered in the material model. The rubber was assumed as a perfect material with no defect, and a modified reduced polynomial form of strain energy including an energy limiter and a new constant was introduced into the user material subroutine VUANISOHYPER-INV of ABAQUS software. Damaged plasticity model was used to model the concrete material. A tri-linear elastic-plastic curve was used in stud material model. Comparing the results obtained from the finite element analysis with those from push-out test, good agreement is highlighted in the capacity, ductility and failure mode of rubber-sleeved headed stud shear connector.

Behaviour of perfobond rib shear connectors: push-out tests

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Veldanda ◽  
M. U. Hosain
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Longitudinal Splitting ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
Headed Stud ◽  
Push Out

This paper summarizes the results of tests performed on 48 push-out specimens to investigate the feasibility of using perfobond rib type shear connectors in composite beams with ribbed metal decks placed parallel to the steel beams. The perfobond rib shear connector is a flat steel plate containing a number of holes. The results indicate that perfobond rib connectors can be effectively used in composite beams with ribbed metal decks placed parallel to the steel beams. An appreciable improvement in performance was observed in test specimens when additional reinforcing bars were passed through the perfobond rib holes. Shank shear was the principal mode of failure in specimens with headed studs. In specimens with perfobond rib, failure was triggered by the longitudinal splitting of the concrete slab, followed by the crushing of concrete in front of the perfobond rib. Key words: composite beam, shear connector, perfobond rib, headed stud, push-out test, metal deck.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Perfobond Rib Shear Connector under Lateral Force

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9088
Author(s):  
Xuewei Wang ◽  
Qiuxia He ◽  
Zhiwen An ◽  
Guojun Liu ◽  
Xingke Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Shear Capacity ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Constraint Effect ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Reinforcing Bar ◽  
Lateral Forces ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

A series of full-scale pushed out tests were performed on the Perfobond rib shear connector. The tests were designed to examine the performance of the Perfobond rib shear connector under different rib hole sizes and shapes, reinforcing bar sizes, rib thicknesses, as well as the presence of lateral forces. It has been revealed from the test results that the rib hole size and reinforcement diameter may not act independently, and the influence of one’s size is actually dependent on the size of the other one. The lateral forces also affect the performance of the shear connector; for example, the capacity of the shear connector would be larger under compression than under tension. The existence of transverse pretension stress accelerated the cracking of concrete, leading to the strength and stiffness of concrete, perforated plate, and reinforcing rebars unable to fully exert their effect. In addition, the constraint effect of transverse stress improved the strength and stiffness of concrete and delayed the concrete cracking, bringing the strength and stiffness of concrete, perforated plate, and reinforcing rebars into full play, and resulting in a significant improvement in the shear capacity of Perfobond rib shear connectors.

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