scholarly journals Using Waste from Food Cans as Electrode in Electrocoagulation for Wastewater Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Chanchanok Soonsorn ◽  
Kulyakorn Khuanmar ◽  
Surapol Padungthon ◽  
Panomchai Weerayutsil
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
The Real ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Aluminium Sheets ◽  
Textile Factory

Wastes from soda and milk cans which contain metals can be used as electrode in Electrocoagulation (EC) technique. The study used wastewater from dyeing and finishing process of textile factory. Both the electrodes made from soda cans and milk cans were compared to the conventional electrodes made from aluminium sheet. Characterization of aluminium (Al) element in electrode showed 67.28% in aluminium sheets, 4.99% in soda cans, and 0% in milk cans. Nevertheless, only milk cans contain iron (Fe) and tin (Sn) at 45.87% and 23.87%, respectively. Based on treatment efficiency in COD removal from the real wastewater, it turned out that the highest efficiency was from aluminium sheets, at 83.57%, whereas soda-can electrodes and milk-can electrodes were 80.71% and 71.14%, respectively. This could result from the fact that soda-can electrodes contain high percentage of aluminium while milk-can electrodes have no aluminium, leading to its low efficiency. Although Fe in milk can function as electrodes, the efficiency cannot be compared to electrodes made from soda cans. Therefore, soda cans make an efficient material for electrodes because of its high percentage of aluminium. Analysis of SEM images demonstrated compactly agglomerated sludge from aluminium electrodes and soda-can electrodes. The image from testing milk can material demonstrated in contrast loosely agglomerated sludge. It can be concluded that the use of electrodes containing aluminium produces relatively more effective sedimentation.       

Biological treatment of industrial wastes in a photobioreactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tamer ◽  
M.A. Amin ◽  
E.T. Ossama ◽  
M. Bo ◽  
G. Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Wastewater

An algal-bacterial consortium was tested for the treatment from a coke factory. A Chlorella vulgaris strain and a phenol-degrading Alcaligenes sp. were first isolated from the wastewater treatment plant to serve as inocula in the subsequent biodegradation tests. Batch tests were then conducted with samples from the real wastewater or using a synthetic wastewater containing 325 mg phenol/l and 500 mg NH4+/l as target pollutants. Direct biological treatment of the real wastewater was not possible due to the toxicity of organic compounds. Activated carbon adsorption and UV(A-B)-irradiation were efficient in detoxifying the effluent for subsequent biological treatment as inoculation of pretreated samples with the algal-bacterial consortium was followed by complete phenol removal and NH4+ removal of 45%. Complete phenol removal and 33% NH4+ removal were achieved during the fed-batch treatment of artificial wastewater at 6 d hydraulic retention time (HRT). Under continuous feeding at 3.6 d HRT, phenol and NH4+ removal dropped to 58 and 18%, respectively. However, complete phenol removal and 29% NH4+ removal were achieved when 8 g NaHCO3/l was added to the artificial wastewater to enhance algal growth. This study confirms the potential of solar-based industrial wastewater treatment based on solar-based UV pretreatment followed by algal-bacterial biodegradation.

The performance of the waste stabilisation pond system at Boujaad, Morocco

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yagoubi ◽  
L. Echihabi ◽  
A. Foutlane ◽  
L. Bourchich ◽  
J. Jellal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Raw Wastewater

The wastewater stabilisation ponds system of the city of Boujaâd was constructed and put into operation in 1992. The two main objectives of this plant are the prevention of pollution of water resources and the environment by means of wastewater discharges as well as the saving of fresh water by means of reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation purposes. Within the period of March 1997 to March 1998 a comprehensive analysis campaign of both the raw and the treated wastewater at a number of different sampling points has been carried out in order to evaluate the treatment efficiency of this wastewater treatment plant.The results of these investigations showed an average raw wastewater flow of 1600 m3/d, which is well below the design flow of 2500 m3/d. With respect to the physico-chemical treated wastewater quality and in comparison with the French treated wastewater standards (1980) these results indicated that 90 % of the wastewater samples showed BOD5-figures below the quoted French standard, whereas 83 % of the samples showed COD-figures above the corresponding French treated wastewater standard. With average treated wastewater suspended solids contents of 56 mg/l the suspended solids removal rate has been determined as being in the range of 65 %. If compared to the anticipated Moroccan wastewater standards for direct wastewater discharge into receiving water bodies as stipulated in the Moroccan Standards Project the obtained wastewater analysis results showed COD- and BOD5 values below these foreseen Moroccan wastewater discharge standards. The analysis results of SS, TKN and total phosphorus (Ptot) showed figures slightly above these Moroccan standards. In view of the microbiological wastewater characteristics the treated effluents of the Boujaâd WSP respond to the WHO directive with respect to wastewater to be used for restricted irrigation (category B). Taking into consideration the CEC directive for wastewater generated by wastewater treatment plants and discharged to the environment, the efficiency of the Boujaâd WSP is relatively low with respect to the SS-removal, the removal of organic matter (expressed by BOD5 and COD) as well as the removal of nutrients (expressed by TKN and Ptot). This relatively low efficiency might basically be caused by the already highly diluted incoming raw wastewater, which again is caused by the effect of significant infiltration of groundwater into the sewerage network. Besides the evaluation of the overall treatment efficiency, detailed investigations of the performance of individual ponds have been carried out as well.

scholarly journals Effect of Climatic Conditions on Treatment Efficiency of Wastewater Stabilization Ponds at Chokera, Faisalabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Hafiz Qasim Ali ◽  
Amir Farooq ◽  
Amir Farooq ◽  
Mohammad Laeeque Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Population Mixing ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Stabilization Ponds

Wastewater management is one of the biggest challenges in the world due to increase in population and industrialization. In Faisalabad (FSD), wastewater treatment is being done through Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) at Chokera, which is one of the most economical methods of Wastewater Treatment (WWT). Various parameters were examined to check wastewater treatment efficiency of the ponds under diverse climatic conditions. These included Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Turbidity, Copper, Total Solids (TS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Lead. Six locations which were selected for monitoring treatment efficiency, included inlet and outlet of treatment plant, influent of anaerobic ponds, effluent of anaerobic ponds, effluent of facultative ponds, and Pharang drain before and after blending with treated sewage. The testing was performed in two seasons (i.e. Winter 2015 and Summer 2016) in Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Lahore, Pakistan. BOD5 removal efficiency of the treatment plant was found 30.08% in winter and 51.74% in summer against designed value of 90% removal. Most of the parameters of the effluent were not meeting the Punjab Environmental Quality Standards (PEQS). The reasons of low efficiency are; variation in climatic conditions (i.e. less solar heat intensity, wind speed and ceased microbial activity in winter), lack of funds by government, increased population, mixing of industrial sewage with domestic sewage and less attention being paid to maintain the performance of Ponds. The study was carried out to assess and compare the efficiency of treatment plant with PEQS in two climatic conditions.

RESEARCH AND EVALUATE TREATMENT EFFICIENCY ON TAPIOCA PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY AEROBIC BIOFILTER TECHNOLOGY WITH VARIOUS MATERIALS

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Phuong Thi Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Phuoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Anh Cam Thieu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Loading Rates

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of tapioca processing wastewater treatment using aerobic biofilter with variety of biofilter media: coir, coal, PVC plastic and Bio - Ball BB15 plastic. Research results in the lab demonstrated all four aerobic biofilter models processed can treated completely N and COD which COD reached 90-98% and N reached 61-92%, respectively, at the organic loading rates in range of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 kgCOD/m3.day. The results identified coir filter was the best in four researched materials with removal COD and specific substract utilization rate can reach 98%, and 0.6 kg COD/kgVSS.day. Research results open the new prospects for the application of the cheap materials, available for wastewater treatment.

Evaluation of Small Wastewater Treatment Plants in the County of Århus – Denmark

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Jes la Cour Jansen ◽  
Bodil Mose Pedersen ◽  
Erik Moldt
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Different Types

Influent and effluent data from about 120 small wastewater treatment plants (100 - 2000 PE) have been collected and processed. Seven different types of plants are represented. The effluent quality and the treatment efficiency have been evaluated. The most common type of plant is mechanical/biological treatment plants. Some of them are nitrifying and some are also extended for chemical precipitation of phosphorus. Constructed wetlands and biological sandfilters are also represented among the small wastewater treatment plants.

Prediction of the O2 Conditions in the Selector

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kruit ◽  
F. Boley ◽  
L. J. A. M. Jacobs ◽  
T. W. M. Wouda
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Coarse Filter ◽  
Plant Research ◽  
Influent Characterization

Influent characterization and biosorption experiments were carried out with settled influent of seven wastewater treatment plants to study the influence of O2 in the selector in relation to the success of developing good settling properties of the sludge. In previous years working selectors were installed and/or pilot plant research was carried out at these wastewater treatment plants. Characterization of the influent was done with help of standard COD and BOD measurements with help of a coarse filter. The research has elucidated that the presence of O2 in the selector, at initial sludge loadings of 3.5-6.5 kg BOD/kg MLSS.d, is important for producing good settling properties of the sludge when the sum of readily biodegradable COD and rapidly hydrolysable COD is greater than 40%. When the sum of sludge COD and slow hydrolysable COD is greater than 50% an unaerated selector can be used.

Management of toxicity effects in a large wastewater treatment plant

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Grau ◽  
B. P. Da-Rin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Filamentous Bulking ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Inhibition Of Nitrification ◽  
Toxicity Effects

An unusually severe case of toxicity accompanied by activated sludge filamentous bulking was observed at the wastewater treatment plant Sao Paulo-Barueri. Treatment efficiency of the plant, operated without major problems for more than five years before, was significantly hindered for almost six months. Occurrence of toxic shocks was confirmed partly directly but mostly indirectly by inhibition of nitrification and biological phenomena related to toxicity. Several measures adopted, including the recycled activated sludge chlorination, are described in the paper.

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