scholarly journals ANÁLISIS DE LA VIABILIDAD EN LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE VANET SOBRE EL MEDIO DE TRANSPORTE TRANSMILENIO

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Nancy Yaneth Gelvez García ◽  
Danilo Alfonso López Sarmiento ◽  
Bayron Fabio Villanueva Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Model Generator ◽  
La Red

En este artículo, se analiza la viabilidad de  implementar una red móvil ad hoc que soporte servicios informativos, aplicado al sistema de transporte masivo Transmilenio en la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia). Para conseguir este fin, se hace uso de un simulador de redes telemáticas como es NS-2 (Network Simulator), un simulador de redes de vehículos llamado SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) y MOVE (Mobility model generator for Vehicular networks) una interfaz de conexión entre ambos simuladores. Finalmente, se analiza los problemas que acarrea implementar la red.

The Robustness of RM-DSR Multipath Routing Protocol with Different Network Size in MANET

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Naseer Ali Husieen ◽  
Suhaidi Hassan ◽  
Osman Ghazali ◽  
Lelyzar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
Dynamic Source

This paper evaluates the performance of Reliable Multipath Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (RM-DSR) protocol with different network size compared to DSR protocol. RM-DSR developed in the mobile ad-hoc network to recover from the transient failure quickly and divert the data packets into a new route before the link is disconnected. The performance of RM-DSR protocol is tested in the Network Simulator (NS-2.34) under the random way point mobility model with varying number of mobile nodes. The network size parameter is used to investigate the robustness and the efficiency of RM-DSR protocol compared to DSR protocol. The network size affects the time of the route discovery process during the route establishment and the route maintenance process which could influence the overall performance of the routing protocol. The simulation results indicate that RM-DSR outperforms DSR in terms of the packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, end-to-end delay, normalized routing load and packet drop.

Traffic-Centric Mesoscopic Analysis of Connectivity in VANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Hoc Networks

Abstract Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged as an appropriate class of information propagation technology promising to link us even while moving at high speeds. In VANETs, a piece of information propagates through consecutive connections. In the most previous vehicular connectivity analysis, the provided probability density function of intervehicle distance throughout the wide variety of steady-state traffic flow conditions is surprisingly invariant. But, using a constant assumption, generates approximate communication results, prevents us from improving the performance of the current solutions and impedes designing the new applications on VANETs. Hence, in this paper, a mesoscopic vehicular mobility model in a multilane highway with a steady-state traffic flow condition is adopted. To model a traffic-centric distribution for the spatial per-hop progress and the expected spatial per-hop progress, different intervehicle distance distributions are utilized. Moreover, the expected number of hops, distribution of the number of successful multihop forwarding, the expected time delay and the expected connectivity distance are mathematically investigated. Finally, to model the distribution of the connectivity distances, a set of simplistic closed-form traffic-centric equations is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed model is confirmed using an event-based network simulator as well as a road traffic simulator.

scholarly journals Simulación de redes inalámbricas en NS-2

Respuestas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Henry Zárate-Ceballos ◽  
Jorge Eduardo Ortiz-Triviño
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
La Red

Antecedentes: Las redes Ad hoc son un nuevo paradigma dentro de las redes inalámbricas debido a sus características dinámicas y de auto configuración, aparecen como respuesta de conectividad para diferentes situaciones donde se requieren características adicionales a las ofrecidas por las redes convencionales, como protocolos de enrutamiento eficientes, interoperabilidad entre los dispositivos móviles y propiedades como el cambio de rol de los nodos dentro de la red. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo es generar diferentes entornos simulados en el software Network Simulator 2, variando los protocolos de enrutamiento, los servicios prestados y el tráfico en general para validar el rendimiento de una red Ad hoc. Métodos: Se presenta una detallada descripción de las características del simulador y de las abstracciones usadas para modelar cada uno de los elementos de red, resaltando la abstracción del nodo móvil quien hace las veces de terminal o enrutador con atributos de movilidad, consumo energético, manejo de protocolos de enrutamiento y cobertura, simulando todas las capas de red de un sistema real, se usan protocolos de enrutamiento reactivos y proactivos como lo son el AODV y el DSR, de la misma manera el protocolo FEBA en redes Mesh. Resultados: Al validar el rendimiento de los escenarios se utilizó una estructura Mesh para evaluar el efecto de redundancia multicanal, respecto a las arquitecturas tradicionales en redes Ad hoc y el número de saltos requeridos para la transmisión es mayor a las Mesh, lo cual genera latencia en las comunicaciones, las métricas mejoran con protocolos reactivos y aumentan con redundancia. Generando canales dedicados para el tráfico producido por los servicios, mejorando notablemente en más de 5 veces el rendimiento de una red ad hoc convencional. Conclusión El simulador NS-2 de código abierto es una herramienta vital, para modelar y simular redes de cualquier tipo, con la ventaja de poder modificar y crear las librerías existentes para crear ambientes simulados, más reales y que respondan a una necesidad de comunicaciones como lo es en situaciones de emergencia.Abstract Background: The Ad hoc networks are a new paradigm in wireless networks due to its dynamic characteristics and autoconFiguration, appear in response connectivity to different situations where additional to those offered by conventional networks such as protocols for efficient routing features are required, interoperability between mobile devices and properties as the changing role of the nodes within the network. Objective: The objective of this work is to generate different environments simulated in the Network Simulator 2 software, varying routing protocols, service and overall traffic to validate the performance of an Ad hoc network. Methods: A detailed description of the characteristics of the simulator ISSN 0122-820X and abstractions used to model each of the network elements is presented, highlighting the mobile node abstraction who acts as a router or terminal mobility attributes, energy consumption management protocols routing and coverage, simulating all network layers of a real system, reactive and proactive protocols routing are used as AODV and DSR, in the same way the FEBA protocol in Mesh networks. Result: To validate the performance of the scenarios one Mesh structure was used to evaluate the effect of multichannel redundancy, compared to traditional architectures in Ad hoc networks and the number of hops required for transmission is greater than the Mesh, which generates latency in communications, metrics improve with reactive protocols and increase redundancy. Generating dedicated for traffic produced by the services, improving considerably more than 5 times the performance of a conventional Ad hoc network channels. Conclusion: The NS-2 simulator open source is a vital tool for modeling and simulating networks of any type, with the advantage of being able to modify and create existing libraries to create simulated environments more realistic and responsive to a need for communications as it is in emergency situations.Palabras Clave: Redes Ad Hoc, Redes Mesh, Simulador de Redes 2(NS-2), Simulación

An Efficient Data Dissemination Scheme for Warning Messages in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2013 ◽  
pp. 308-327
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Javed ◽  
Jamil Y. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
The Road ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are expected to be used for the dissemination of emergency warning messages on the roads. The emergency warning messages such as post crash warning notification would require an efficient multi hop broadcast scheme to notify all the vehicles within a particular area about the emergency. Such emergency warning applications have low delay and transmission overhead requirements to effectively transmit the emergency notification. In this paper, an adaptive distance based backoff scheme is presented for efficient dissemination of warning messages on the road. The proposed scheme adaptively selects the furthest vehicle as the next forwarder of the emergency message based on channel conditions. The detailed performance figures of the protocol are presented in the paper using simulations in the OPNET network simulator. The proposed protocol introduces lower packet delay and broadcast overhead as compared to standard packet broadcasting protocols for vehicular networks.

An Efficient Data Dissemination Scheme for Warning Messages in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Javed ◽  
Jamil Y. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Packet Delay ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are expected to be used for the dissemination of emergency warning messages on the roads. The emergency warning messages such as post crash warning notification would require an efficient multi hop broadcast scheme to notify all the vehicles within a particular area about the emergency. Such emergency warning applications have low delay and transmission overhead requirements to effectively transmit the emergency notification. In this paper, an adaptive distance based backoff scheme is presented for efficient dissemination of warning messages on the road. The proposed scheme adaptively selects the furthest vehicle as the next forwarder of the emergency message based on channel conditions. The detailed performance figures of the protocol are presented in the paper using simulations in the OPNET network simulator. The proposed protocol introduces lower packet delay and broadcast overhead as compared to standard packet broadcasting protocols for vehicular networks.

Technical Note on Secure Service Access in VANET using PBKDF Algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dharanyadevi ◽  
T. Divyasree ◽  
S.P. Sharmila ◽  
K. Venkatalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Data Function ◽  
Runtime Infrastructure ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular networks and their applications have gained great attention to the research community and vehicle industry in past few years. The applications in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are growing rapidly. The two main application classes have lately gained popularity such as secured and non secured applications. In this paper, we focus on security in VANETs using Packet Bit Key Data Function (PBKDF) Algorithm. The performance of proposed algorithm is assessed using Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) coupled with V2X simulation runtime infrastructure.

scholarly journals Impact of Dynamic Path Loss Models in an Urban Obstacle Aware Ad Hoc Network Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Amjad ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Sohail Jabbar ◽  
Majid Hussain ◽  
Seungmin Rho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Environment ◽  
Loss Models ◽  
Hoc Networks

This study highlights the importance of the physical layer and its impact on network performance in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). This was demonstrated by simulating various MANET scenarios using Network Simulator-2 (NS-2) with enhanced capability by adding propagation loss models (e.g., modified Two-Ray Ground model, ITU Line of Sight and Nonline of Sight (ITU-LoS and NLoS) model into street canyons and combined path loss and shadowing model (C-Shadowing)). The simulation results were then compared with the original Two-Ray Ground (TRG) model already available intoNS-2. The scenario primarily simulated was that of a mobile environment using Random Way Point (RWP) mobility model with a variable number of obstacles in the simulation field (such as buildings, etc., causing variable attenuation) in order to analyze the extent of communication losses in various propagation loss models. Performance of the Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol was also analyzed in an ad hoc environment with 20 nodes.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Open-Source Simulation Framework for LiFi Communication

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2485
Author(s):  
Shakir Ullah ◽  
Saeed Ur Rehman ◽  
Peter Han Joo Chong
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Optical Gain ◽  
Packet Delay ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Seamless Integration

Light Fidelity (LiFi) is a new candidate for wireless networking that utilizes the visible light spectrum and exploits the existing lighting infrastructure in the form of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). It provides point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communication on a bidirectional channel at very high data rates. However, the LiFi has small coverage, and its optical gain is closely related to the receiver’s directionality vis-à-vis the transmitter, therefore it can experience frequent service outages. To provide reliable coverage, the LiFi is integrated with other networking technologies such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) thus forming a hybrid system. The hybrid LiFi/WiFi system faces many challenges including but not limited to seamless integration with the WiFi, support for mobility, handover management, resource sharing, and load balancing. The existing literature has addressed one or the other aspect of the issues facing LiFi systems. There are limited free source tools available to holistically address these challenges in a scalable manner. To this end, we have developed an open-source simulation framework based on the network simulator 3 (ns-3), which realizes critical aspects of the LiFi wireless network. Our developed ns-3 LiFi framework provides a fully functional AP equipped with the physical layer and medium access control (MAC), a mobility model for the user device, and integration between LiFi and WiFi with a handover facility. Simulation results are produced to demonstrate the mobility and handover capabilities, and the performance gains from the LiFi-WiFi hybrid system in terms of packet delay, throughput, packet drop ratio (PDR), and fairness between users. The source code of the framework is made available for the use of the research community.

scholarly journals An improved supervisory protocol for automatic selection of routing protocols in environment-aware vehicular ad hoc networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 155014771881505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishtiaq Wahid ◽  
Ata Ul Aziz Ikram ◽  
Masood Ahmad ◽  
Fasee Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hoc Networks

With resource constraint’s distributed architecture and dynamic topology, network issues such as congestion, latency, power awareness, mobility, and other quality of service issues need to be addressed by optimizing the routing protocols. As a result, a number of routing protocols have been proposed. Routing protocols have trade-offs in performance parameters and their performance varies with the underlying mobility model. For designing an improved vehicular ad hoc network, three components of the network are to be focused: routing protocols, mobility models, and performance metrics. This article describes the relationship of these components, trade-offs in performance, and proposes a supervisory protocol, which monitors the scenario and detects the realistic mobility model through analysis of the microscopic features of the mobility model. An analytical model is used to determine the best protocol for a particular mobility model. The supervisory protocol then selects the best routing protocol for the mobility model of the current operational environment. For this, EstiNet 8.1 Simulator is used to validate the proposed scheme and compare its performance with existing schemes. Simulation results of the proposed scheme show the consistency in the performance of network throughout its operation.

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