scholarly journals Corrosion in Crude Oil Distillation Unit Overhead: A recent Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Ari A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Crude Oil Distillation ◽  
High Level

Despite all the technological advances and the control mechanisms that exist today to achieve the control of corrosion in overhead systems in atmospheric crude oil distillation units, there is still a high level of difficulty in predicting the phenomenon due to the complexity of the chemical compounds involved in the entire process. The study of this practical case aims to determine what control mechanisms should be optimized in a refinery located in the Autonomous Region of Iraqi Kurdistan to prevent corrosion phenomena’s in this specific system and how it should be done to achieve these improvements. It has been suggested that the corrosion mechanisms by hydrochloric acid and by ammonium chloride have been those that have acted in the operational context of the mentioned facility. To test this hypothesis, a study of the unit’s operational conditions and analytical tests were carried out on the construction material of various components and the products (sediments) found inside the tower. The results show that a lack of control in the salts and sediments content of the feed crude have caused an increase in the hydrolysis process of certain components upstream of the tower and thus the generation of acids and salts was promoted. On this basis, it is necessary to optimize the primary treatment of crude oil and update the chemical treatments and washing water systems to adapt to the new conditions of the feed of the refinery.

Framework for Study of Supplier Relationships in Indian Automotive Supply Chains

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Souresh Bhattacharya ◽  
D. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sunil Giri
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Supplier Management ◽  
Supplier Relationships ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Management Orientation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Supplier Partnerships ◽  
Automotive Supply ◽  
Supplier Relationship

Indian automotive industry has increasingly adopted global supply chain best practices including supplier relationship as a management imperative, in the last two decades. Increased competition, globalization, wide-spread outsourcing, use of information technology and rapid technological advances have contributed in supplier relationship development with the objective to achieve competitive advantage and a high level of performance. It is evident that only if mutual benefits accrue to both Vehicle Assemblers (VA) and their suppliers, the partnership between them would be meaningful and effective. Also, VAs have necessarily, to invest considerable resources and effort in achieving collaboration with their suppliers and cost-effectiveness becomes an issue which leads to supply base rationalization and a segmented approach. Therefore understanding the issues involved and identifying focus areas for successful supplier relationships becomes an imperative. This paper, based on an exploratory study, delves into the VA-supplier interface in Indian automobile supply chains, examines various theoretical and practical dimensions, in order to identify strategic imperatives (key impact drivers), Supplier Management Orientation (SMO) of VAs, adoption of Supplier Development Practices, extent of VA-supplier partnerships and mutual benefits accruing to both entities. Based on this a framework for holistically studying the VA-supplier interface is proposed.

scholarly journals A Design of the Resilient Enterprise: A Reference Architecture for Emergent Behaviors Control

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6672
Author(s):  
Rob Bemthuis ◽  
Maria-Eugenia Iacob ◽  
Paul Havinga
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Emergent Behaviors

The sooner disruptive emergent behaviors are detected, the sooner preventive measures can be taken to ensure the resilience of business processes execution. Therefore, organizations need to prepare for emergent behaviors by embedding corrective control mechanisms, which help coordinate organization-wide behavior (and goals) with the behavior of local autonomous entities. Ongoing technological advances, brought by the Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems of systems paradigms, can support integration within complex enterprises, such as supply chains. In this paper, we propose a reference enterprise architecture for the detection and monitoring of emergent behaviors in enterprises. We focus on addressing the need for an adequate reaction to disruptions. Based on a systematic review of the literature on the topic of current architectural designs for understanding emergent behaviors, we distill architectural requirements. Our architecture is a hybrid as it combines distributed autonomous business logic (expressed in terms of simple business rules) and some central control mechanisms. We exemplify the instantiation and use of this architecture by means of a proof-of-concept implementation, using a multimodal logistics case study. The obtained results provide a basis for achieving supply chain resilience “by design”, i.e., through the design of coordination mechanisms that are well equipped to absorb and compensate for the effects of emergent disruptive behaviors.

scholarly journals Automatic Target Recognition for Low Resolution Foliage Penetrating SAR Images Using CNNs and GANs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
David Vint ◽  
Matthew Anderson ◽  
Yuhao Yang ◽  
Christos Ilioudis ◽  
Gaetano Di Caterina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Recognition ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition ◽  
Generative Adversarial Networks ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Adversarial Networks ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Dataset Size ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
High Level

In recent years, the technological advances leading to the production of high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images has enabled more and more effective target recognition capabilities. However, high spatial resolution is not always achievable, and, for some particular sensing modes, such as Foliage Penetrating Radars, low resolution imaging is often the only option. In this paper, the problem of automatic target recognition in Low Resolution Foliage Penetrating (FOPEN) SAR is addressed through the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) able to extract both low and high level features of the imaged targets. Additionally, to address the issue of limited dataset size, Generative Adversarial Networks are used to enlarge the training set. Finally, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)-based post-classification decision approach is used to reduce classification errors and measure the capability of the classifier to provide a reliable output. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrated through the use of real SAR FOPEN data.

Comparison and Evaluation of Organizational Transactions for Continuous Auditing and Business Compliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Rui Pedro Marques ◽  
Henrique Santos ◽  
Carlos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Continuous Auditing ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Ontological Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
Execution Pattern

This article presents a comparator module which aims to compare, in real time, executions of organizational transactions with patterns of behaviors of these transaction executions, allowing the determination of which execution pattern is being followed by running each transaction. This is according to information received by the internal control mechanisms, which continuously monitors the transaction executions. A possible application using this module was deployed and results were obtained from a case study. The results prove effectiveness of the module, mainly because it is able to assess business compliance and the qualitative risk associated to each transaction execution while it is running, enabling an efficient continuous auditing application. The innovation of this article is ensured by the use of an ontological model to represent organizational transactions, which can be applicable to any type of transaction in any business area in order to audit transactions at a very low level, contrary to what happens in traditional auditing, which occurs at a high level (e.g. compare whether a completed transaction has followed a set of procedures). Besides the conceptualization, this work presents some technical details of development and discussion of results from the case study.

scholarly journals THREE –WAY SECURITY USING IMAGE BASED AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
SARIKA KHALADKAR ◽  
SARITA MALUNJKAR ◽  
POOJA SHINGOTE
Keyword(s):  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Image Authentication ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Authentication System ◽  
One Time Password ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
Brute Force Attack ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
User Friendly

Secure environments protect their resources against unauthorized access by enforcing access control mechanisms. So when increasing security is an issue text based passwords are not enough to counter such problems. The need for something more secure along with being user friendly is required. This is where Image Based Authentication (IBA) comes into play. This helps to eliminate tempest attack, shoulder attack, Brute-force attack. Using the instant messaging service available in internet, user will obtain the One Time Password (OTP) after image authentication. This OTP then can be used by user to access their personal accounts. The image based authentication method relies on the user’s ability to recognize pre-chosen categories from a grid of pictures. This paper integrates Image based authentication and HMAC based one time password to achieve high level of security in authenticating the user over the internet.

scholarly journals MUSIUM SENI DIGITAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1989
Author(s):  
Stefanie Evelyn ◽  
Sutrisnowati Machdijar
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Art ◽  
Shape Grammar ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Digital City ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
High Level

BSD City is an area that is planned to be a pioneer of the Integrated Smart Digital City, triggered by the population of BSD which is dominated by millennials and alpha generations who grow up following technological developments. Millennials have a high level of anxiety, stress and depression. To reduce high levels of stress art has an important role where art can change one's emotions and behavior, have a positive impact on stress management, reduce anxiety levels and improve mood. Digital technology has allowed art to go beyond existing boundaries, so that art in the present and in the future will be more dynamic, flexible in accordance with the character of the millennials generation. Therefore, this design aims to provide a forum for interaction between art and humans and among fellow human beings from various groups by utilizing technological advances to maximize the interactions that occur and foster creative thinking and self-expression through digital art. The design is done by survey method and shape grammar. A museum where visitors can explore digital art and interact directly with the artwork and express their emotions freely into a museum, is needed by the Millennials at this time. AbstrakKota BSD merupakan suatu kawasan yang direncanakan akan menjadi pionir Integrated Smart Digital City, dipicu oleh penduduk BSD yang didominasi oleh generasi milenial dan generasi alfa yang tumbuh dengan mengikuti perkembangan teknologi. Generasi  milenial memiliki  tingkat kecemasan, stress, dan depresi yang tinggi. Untuk mengurangi tingkat stress yang tinggi itu seni memiliki peran yang penting dimana seni dapat mengubah emosi dan perilaku seseorang, memberi dampak positif pada manajemen stress, mengurangi tingkat kecemasan dan meningkatkan mood.[1] Teknologi digital telah memungkinkan seni untuk melampaui batasan-batasan yang ada, sehingga seni di masa sekarang dan di masa yang akan datang menjadi lebih dinamis, fleksibel sesuai dengan karakter generasi millennials. Oleh karena itu, perancangan ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan wadah interaksi antara seni dengan manusia dan antara sesama  manusia dari berbagai golongan dengan memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi untuk memaksimalkan interaksi yang terjadi serta menumbuhkan pemikiran kreatif dan ekspresi diri melalu seni digital. Perancangan dilakukan dengan metode survei dan shape grammar. Museum dimana pengunjung dapat mengeksplorasi seni digital dan berinteraksi langsung dengan karya seni tersebut serta mengekspresikan emosinya secara bebas menjadi museum yang dibutuhkan generasi milenial di masa ini.[1] Sabine C. Koch & Fuchs T, Embodied Arts Therapies, (Arts Psychother, 2011)

3D Stacks of Microprocessors and Memories With Backside Two-Phase Multi-Microchannel Cooler

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson B. Marcinichen ◽  
John R. Thome
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulations ◽  
3D Ics ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
High Level ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
High Performance Computers

For the next generation of high performance computers, the new challenges are to shorten the distance for transporting data (to accelerate the transfer of information) between multi-microprocessors and memories, and to cool these electronic components despite the increased heat flux that results from increased transistor density. Recent technological advances show a tendency for the development of 3D integrated circuit stacked architectures with interlayer cooling (multi-microchannels in the silicon layers). However, huge challenges exist in such design/concept, i.e. flow distribution to hundreds microchannels distributed in the different interlayers, thermo-hydrodynamic and geometrical limitations, manufacturing etc. 3D-ICs with interlayer cooling are still about a decade away, so a viable shorter term goal is 3D stacks with backside cooling, taking advantage of Si layers now able to be thineer down to only 50 μm thickness. Thus, the present work presents thermo-hydrodynamic simulations for 3D stacks considering only a backside cooler, which simplifies considerably the assembly and guarantees a high level of reliability. In summary, the results showed that this concept is thermally feasible and potentially that interlayer microchannels (between stacks) will not be necessary.

ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHTS OF n-ALKANES IN CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION CUTS

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio G. Teixeira ◽  
Artur L. Scofield ◽  
Marcos Vinicius R. Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Crude Oil Distillation
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