scholarly journals Prospects for the Development of Primary Energy Markets in the Asia-Pacific Region: The Potential Place for Russian Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-53
Author(s):  
Olga Dyomina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
The Republic

The current situation in the oil, natural gas and coal markets in the Asia-Pacific region has been analyzed by the author. It is shown that the potential for increasing the share of Russian energy resources may be due to the redistribution of the shares of the main suppliers as oil imports diversify, primarily in Japan and the Republic of Korea; in the natural gas market – increasing the volume of pipeline supplies of natural gas to China in accordance with the current long-term contract and the redistribution of Indonesia’s share in the market; in the coal market – the redistribution of Indonesia’s share due to the advantages in coal quality. Price and infrastructure constraints for increasing the supply of Russian energy resources to the Asia-Pacific region have been noted, too

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF ARCTIC LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS SUPPLIESTO THE ASIAN-PACIFIC REGION COUNTRIES UNDER THE END OF THE “TRADE WAR” BETWEEN THE USA AND CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2/2020) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
M. V. Ulchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region

Currently, the Asia-Pacific market is a priority goal for almost all major producers of liquefied natural gas(LNG). This is due to the relatively high price that local consumers are willing to pay, as well as the accelerated growth rate of natural gas consumption. At the same time, China is the main driver of growth in demand for LNGin the world, has concluded a trade agreement with the United States, which involves the purchase of energy resources worth more than $ 52 billion over two years. Given the decline in LNG prices, as well as increased competition, the issue of the prospects for sales of Russian Arctic gas on the market of the Asia-Pacific region becomes particularly relevant.The study provides a generalized assessment of the needs of the main importers of LNG ––China, South Korea and Japan, with a planning horizon of 4–5 years. The relatively high growth rates of the economy, partial rejection of nuclear energy, struggle to improve the environmental situation, as well as the desire to diversify supply routes explain the needs of the countries in the Asia-Pacific region for additional volumes of LNGin the near future. The analysis showed that both Japan and South Korea are interested in increasing the volume of imports of Russian arctic LNG, whose key advantages over most competitors are the price and relative proximity of sales markets. At the same time, the reduction in the number of operating gas drilling rigs in the United States indicates that it will not be possible to maintain the growth rate of LNG production at the level of 2018 and 2019.

From Long-term Contract to Market: An RBC Perspective on International Negotiations of Iron Ore Prices in the Asia-Pacific Region, 2009–2010

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-371
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
Xiaochun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Negotiations ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Term Contract

Abstract The collapse of a long-term contract-based (LTC) benchmark system and the rise of a market-based index system in international negotiations of iron ore prices in the Asia-Pacific region has attracted much media attention. However, a systematic analysis of why and how such a change occurred from a negotiation point of view is absent. Drawing upon a relationship-behavior-conditions (RBC) perspective from the international business (IB) negotiation literature, this article investigates how negotiations between parties unfolded during the 2009–2010 period. Specifically, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of the subject by evaluating the relationships between various negotiating parties, investigating some intriguing behaviors by negotiating parties, and identifying important conditions surrounding the negotiation process. The case of iron ore price negotiation also offers a vehicle to advance the RBC perspective in untangling complex IB negotiation problems and generate some broad implications for IB negotiation research and practices.

Can the Asia Pacific market accomodate Australia's LNG projects?

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
John Harris
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Over Time

The portfolio of proposed Australian LNG projects continues to grow. What is the demand outlook for Asia Pacific LNG—and can it absorb the potential volume from these projects? Who are the key importers and what are the demand uncertainties within the Asia Pacific region? Can Australian LNG penetrate markets further afield? What has driven the growth in Australian LNG projects and how many more might emerge? Where are the projects that will compete with Australian LNG? Is Australian LNG competitive relative to other supplies? Are project costs likely to increase further? How is the LNG supply-demand balance likely to develop in the Asia Pacific during the next decade? Is there a looming surplus of LNG and, if so, what would this mean for Australia? Does the outlook presage a buyers’ market or a sellers’ market? Will contract expiries from established LNG exporters increase supply availability in the Asia Pacific? What could this mean for oil indexation and long term LNG contracts? Could alternative pricing mechanisms evolve and will we see an increase in short and medium term supply contracts? This paper examines the outlook for the Asia Pacific LNG market—and the growing role Australian LNG is playing in meeting demand growth. It also reviews Australia’s competitive position and considers the way in which the structure of Asia Pacific LNG contracts may evolve over time.

Steps toward Peace in Civil Wars in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Disaggregate Approach to Civil War Settlements

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic S. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Large N ◽  
Conflict Termination ◽  
Multi Phase

AbstractRegardless of the types of civil conflict settlements, all parties generally enter into some sorts of tacit or direct bargaining in the course of civil conflict, namely, in steps toward peace. In contrast to a basically static framework employed in much of existing literature on civil war settlements and mediation, this article proposes a disaggregate approach to dynamic and multi-phase processes in civil conflict termination via negotiations. We illustrate a conceptual and theoretical framework to examine four steps in civil conflict settlements in a large-N research program. In so doing, we present an initial effort to construct a dyadic dataset isolating processes that allow civil conflict settlements to progress or regress between low and higher levels of agreement in the Asia-Pacific region from 1990 to 2005. We discuss a set of preliminary simple statistical results for the four distinct settlement phases in the context of conflict and rebel characteristics. Among the findings of note, third parties provide important assistance in nurturing successful negotiations especially in the context of waning insurgent strength. Peace proposals originate most frequently from governments, and seem to hinge especially on opponents’ battlefield advantages. Evidence of mutually hurting stalemates is also found. In the article’s conclusion we elaborate a long-term research agenda.

scholarly journals United States-Vietnam relations in light of geopolitics of the usa in Asia-Pacific region in 1945-1975

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Ivan Desiatnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Republic

The article focuses on the analysis of US-Vietnam relations during the period from 1945 to 1975. The aim of the article is to trace the changes that took place in the US-Vietnam relationship over that period, to identify the factors that influenced them, as well as the approaches used by the heads of the countries to tackle their foreign policy objectives in the region. The author traces the evolution of US policy in Vietnam pursued by Presidents H. Truman, D. Eisenhower, J. Kennedy, L. Johnson and R. Nixon. The United States had diametrically opposed position on relations with the Vietnamese governments, namely, confrontation and military conflict with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, and cooperation, military and economic aid to the Republic of Vietnam. The author concludes that the US attitude towards Vietnam was determined by the international situation at that time, including the beginning of the Cold War. The policies of Presidents D. Eisenhower and J. Kennedy were to restrain the expansion of the Communist bloc's sphere of influence. The direct involvement of the US military in the Vietnam conflict, initiated by L. Johnson, pursued the goal of enhancing the prestige of the United States in the global confrontation with the USSR. The split between the Soviet Union and China was used by the US to get out of the Vietnam War and mend relations with China as a counterweight to the Soviet Union in the Asia-Pacific region. Instead, the Republic of Vietnam, which had been the "junior partner" of the United States, was left to its fate.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF WORLD MARKETS OF ENERGY RESOURCES, OPTIONS AND CONDITIONS OF SUPPLY OF MINERAL RESOURCES FROM THE ARCTIC REGIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-315
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Y. Nemov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
World Markets

The article presents the results of a study of promising directions and methods of supplying energy resources from the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Reviewed and quantified the energy markets in the Asia-Pacific region. The importance of the development of high-tech industries of the processing industry in the east of the country is shown. The importance of the Asia-Pacific region market for the Russian processing industry has been substantiated.

scholarly journals Оценка сравнительного потенциала увеличения торговли регионов Дальнего Востока со странами АТР

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Изотов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Far East

В рамках современного подхода к оценке гравитационных зависимостей, на основе применения метода квазимаксимального правдоподобия Пуассона, определены сравнительные значения торговых барьеров, а также сравнительный потенциал расширения торговли регионов Дальнего Востока с ключевыми экономиками Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона (далее 􀀐 АТР). При соотношении оценок, полученных в рамках традиционного и современного подходов к оценке гравитационных зависимостей, показаны схожие результаты и расхождения. Современный подход к оценке указал на заметный потенциал для расширения торговли регионов Дальнего Востока со странами Северо-Восточной Азии, что подтверждает выводы о наращивании торговых взаимодействий между крупными и близлежащими экономиками в результате либерализации торговли. The objective of the paper is to assess comparative trade barriers between the regions of the Russian Far East and the countries of the Asia-Pacific region based on the modern approach to assessing gravity models, as well as to assess the potential for increasing mutual trade. The author has shown that the countries of the Asia-Pacific region are the largest trading partners for the Russian Far East (RFE), characterizing perceptible differences in the geographical and regional structure of the trade interactions. Since the customs duties on RFE exports are high, it is the main source of the tariff burden on the mutual trade. The findings indicate the following similar results between the traditional and modern approaches: the lowest comparative value of the trade barriers is typical for the trade between the RFE and the Republic of Korea; the trade between the RFE on the one hand and China and the Republic of Korea on the other has intensified; reducing the tariff barriers was not sufficient to boost the trade between the RFE and the Asia-Pacific countries; trade restrictions initiated by the Russian side resulted in a transition from the tariff barriers to the institutional ones; the groups of the RFE regions with similar characteristics of the comparative potential for expanding trade relations with the Asia-Pacific countries were identified. The evaluation shows some differences in outcomes between the two approaches. First, under the traditional approach the trade barriers were generally overestimated, so the estimates using the modern approach were more realistic, reflecting the possible changes in the price of foreign goods. Second, using the modern assessment approach, expanding the trade between the RFE regions and the close markets in the Northeast Asia (Korea, China and Japan) has a greater potential than with the remote countries (USA and South-Asian countries). These assessments support the early findings that trade interactions between the large and neighboring economies has a high potential as a result of trade liberalization.

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