Calculation of the Coupling Coefficient of Electrons in Laser Induced Plasma for Samples of Writing Ink Elements Using LIBS Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdullah Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Plasma Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Breakdown ◽  
Density Of Electrons ◽  
Model View ◽  
Detector Model

The technique of laser breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was employed for samples of writing inks under the influence of a Nd:YAG laser pulse 1064 nm with a pulse duration of 10 ns on different targets of writing ink models. The plasma parameters were also calculated, which are the temperature and density of electrons, assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions (LTE) and using a spectral detector model (View spectra 2100) for the spectral range (200nm - 900nm). The results showed differences in the values of the pairing coefficient of electrons in the plasma. Produced due to the laser pulse used as well as in the plasma parameters mentioned, which can be applied in plasma spectroscopy for forensic sciences in detecting forgery in documents and tracking the performance and phenomena of the plasma formed due to the laser pulse.

Measuring the Thermal De-Broglie Wavelength in Laser-produced Plasma of different Samples of Writing Inks Elements Using LIBS Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdullah Jasim ◽  
Dr. Sami Abd Al-Hussein Hatif ◽  
Dr. Alaa Hussein Ali
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Plasma Spectroscopy ◽  
Pulse Time ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
De Broglie Wavelength ◽  
Model View ◽  
Detector Model

In this paper, the technique of laser pulse breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) under the influence of the pulse Nd:YAG laser of 1064nm wavelength and with a pulse time of 10ns was used on different samples of writing ink models. In this work, the de-Broglie wavelength was measured. After calculating the electron temperature and assuming the local thermal equilibrium conditions (LTE), and using a spectral detector model (View spectra 2100) within the spectral range (200nm-900nm), the results after performing the analysis showed differences in the D-Broglie thermal wavelength of the plasma. The formation and temperature of the electron, which can be applied in plasma spectroscopy processes in many sciences, including the field of forensic evidence, to detect forgery in documents and documents.

scholarly journals Extracting Time-Resolved Information from Time-Integrated Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectra

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Grifoni ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
Marco Lezzerini ◽  
Giulia Lorenzetti ◽  
Stefano Pagnotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data are characterized by a strong dependence on the acquisition time after the onset of the laser plasma. However, time-resolved broadband spectrometers are expensive and often not suitable for being used in portable LIBS instruments. In this paper we will show how the analysis of a series of LIBS spectra, taken at different delays after the laser pulse, allows the recovery of time-resolved spectral information. The comparison of such spectra is presented for the analysis of an aluminium alloy. The plasma parameters (electron temperature and number density) are evaluated, starting from the time-integrated and time-resolved spectra, respectively. The results are compared and discussed.

scholarly journals DETERMINE EMISSIONS PLASMA IRON BY LASER-INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY IN ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Baida M. AHMED ◽  
Shaimaa Hussein Abd MUSLIM ◽  
Muntadher Jawad KHOUDHAIR
Keyword(s):  
Laser Energy ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Plasma Spectroscopy ◽  
Stark Broadening ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

The plasma spectroscopy analysis for Iron induced plasma was carried out using a Q-switched Nd: YAG pulsed laser system. The Laser wavelength was (1064) nm, Emission spectra were obtained using different energies in the range (600-900) mJ. Electron temperatures are evaluated at different laser peak powers from Boltzmann (-1/KBT) and Suha equation, also, the electron densities are deduced using stark broadening. A limited number of suitable Fe lines are detected and the plasma parameters are discussed. The Electron temperatures of (Fe) are measured and were found to be in the range of (1.8–1.88) eV. It is observed in the case of iron the electron temperature is proportional with laser energy and the highest peak in (Fe) arrive at (55396.52). Keywords: Iron Plasma, Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy, Plasma Parameters.

scholarly journals Influence of Lead on the Interpretation of Bone Samples with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Abdolhamed Shahedi ◽  
Esmaeil Eslami ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nourani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Group A ◽  
Atomic Lines ◽  
Group B

This study is devoted to tracing and identifying the elements available in bone sample using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). The bone samples were prepared from the thigh of laboratory rats, which consumed 325.29 g/mol lead acetate having 4 mM concentration in specified time duration. About 76 atomic lines have been analyzed and we found that the dominant elements are Ca I, Ca II, Mg I, Mg II, Fe I, and Fe II. Temperature curve and bar graph were drawn to compare bone elements of group B which consumed lead with normal group, group A, in the same laboratory conditions. Plasma parameters including plasma temperature and electron density were determined by considering Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) condition in the plasma. An inverse relationship has been detected between lead absorption and elements like Calcium and Magnesium absorption comparing elemental values for both the groups.

Laser breakdown in air at ultrahigh laser pulse repetition rates

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalii V Kononenko ◽  
Taras V Kononenko ◽  
V P Pashinin ◽  
V M Gololobov ◽  
Vitalii I Konov
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Pulse Repetition ◽  
Laser Breakdown

Measurement of Plasma Parameters of Fe-Lines in Lipstick Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
M.H. Asmaa ◽  
Sami A. Habana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Debye Length ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Business Sectors

Electron thickness and temperature of laser prompted Iron plasma boundaries, among different boundaries, were estimated. Plasma was delivered through the connection of high pinnacle power Nd: YAG laser at the key frequency of 1064 nm with a pellet target contains a limited quantity of lipstick from nearby business sectors. Lines from Fe II at 238.502 nm, Fe II at 254.904 nm, Fe II at 262.370 nm, Fe II at 286.545 nm and Fe I at 349.779 nm were utilized to assess the plasma boundaries. The current investigation was completed to assess electron temperature (Te), electron thickness (ne), plasma recurrence, Debye length and Debye number (ND). Laser-incited breakdown spectroscopy LIBS method was used for examining and deciding ghastly discharge lines. ID of change lines from all spectra was completed by contrasting ghostly lines and NIST nuclear data set.

scholarly journals Optical Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Parameters in Cadmium by Nd: YAG laser Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2114 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
Uday H. Tawfeeq ◽  
Ahmed K. Abbas ◽  
Kadhim A. Aadim
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Debye Length ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Laser Technique ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Emission Spectroscopic Analysis

Abstract In this work, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was used to estimate the parameters of plasma electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), plasma frequency (fp), Debye length (λD), and Debye number (ND). Understanding how an energy pulsed laser affects these variables is also important. Irradiation of pure cadmium using an Nd: YAG laser pulse with a wavelength(1064)nm and energy ranging from (200-600)millijoules, of frequency (6) Hz. The spectrum of laser-induced plasma was detected under atmospheric pressure. It was discovered that when the energy of the laser pulse rises, the intensity of the CdI and CdII lines increases.

scholarly journals Magnetic field effect on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and surface modifications of germanium at various fluences

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Iftikhar ◽  
S. Bashir ◽  
A. Dawood ◽  
M. Akram ◽  
A. Hayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Excitation Temperature ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractThe effect of the transverse magnetic field on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and surface modifications of germanium (Ge) has been investigated at various fluences. Ge targets were exposed to Nd: YAG laser pulses (1064 nm, 10 ns, 1 Hz) at different fluences ranging from 3 to 25.6 J/cm2 to generate Ge plasma under argon environment at a pressure of 50 Torr. The magnetic field of strength 0.45 Tesla perpendicular to the direction of plasma expansion was employed by using two permanent magnets. The emission spectra of laser-induced Ge plasma was detected by the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system. The electron temperature and number density of Ge plasma are evaluated by using the Boltzmann plot and stark broadening methods, respectively. The variations in emission intensity, electron temperature (Te), and number density (ne) of Germanium plasma are explored at various fluences, with and without employment of the magnetic field. It is observed that the magnetic field is responsible for significant enhancement of both excitation temperature and number density at all fluences. It is revealed that an excitation temperature increases from Te,max,without B = 16,190 to Te,max,with B = 20,123 K. Similarly, the two times enhancement in the electron density is observed from ne,max,without B = 2 × 1018 to ne,max,with B = 4 × 1018 cm−3. The overall enhancement in Ge plasma parameters in the presence of the magnetic field is attributed to the Joule heating effect and adiabatic compression. With increasing fluence both plasma parameters increase and achieve their maxima at a fluence of 12.8 J/cm2 and then decrease. In order to correlate the plasma parameters with surface modification, scanning electron microscope analysis of irradiated Ge was performed. Droplets and cones are formed for both cases. However, the growth of ridges and distinctness of features is more pronounced in case of the absence of the magnetic field; whereas surface structures become more diffusive in the presence of the magnetic field.

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