A MODEL OF ISLAMIC PUBLIC FINANCE IN MALAYSIA’S CONSTITUTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Constitutional Economics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Political Agents

This study asks five questions. How does the Constitution define the framework for its governance and the principles under which it must operate? How do the provisions lay out the core public finance matters? How are Islamic religious defined? How could we interpret the provisions in the Constitution? How do Islamic religious revenues affect socioeconomic development? Based on the analysis of these questions, and the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, this study will try to explain the choice of alternative sets of legal-institutional-constitutional rules that constrain the choices and activities of economic and political agents (government). In particular, this study will prove that the Constitution results from both conventional and Islamic scholars' preferences. The constitutional rules lead to the introduction of Islamic religious revenues as the sources of government revenues. Furthermore, in Malaysia, constitutional economics also provides another view that treats Islamic religious revenues as socioeconomic development tools.

The Global Financial Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Financial Networks ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Dynamic Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World

The chapter outlines the concept of the global financial networks, defined as networks of the financial and business services firms, and their activities linking financial centres, offshore jurisdictions, and the rest of the world. It is a concept that helps to map finance, place it on the map of the world economy, and analyse the latter in a dynamic framework accounting for the forces of globalization and financialization. At the core of the global financial networks lies the global network of securities centres, focused on the creation, distribution, and circulation of securities, which contributed to the recent global financial crisis. Major trends reshaping the global financial networks include the rise of regulation and public finance, technologies connecting investors, borrowers and lenders with each other, and a potential geo-financial shift towards Asia.

Gladstonian Finance in Modern Light: Fiscal Constitutionalism or Supply-Side Economics?

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Charles G. Leathers
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Constitutional Economics ◽  
New Schools ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Laffer Curve ◽  
Leviathan Government ◽  
Public Revenues ◽  
Tax Cuts

Two new schools of thought have recently emerged in public finance: fiscal constitutionalism, founded on the theory of Leviathan government, and supplyside economics, popularly perceived in terms of the Laffer curve. Comments by several writers have raised the possibility of conflicts betweens the tax principles of the two schools. In particular, both Brunner (1982) and Reynolds (1982) criticized supply-siders for emphasizing tax cuts to increase public revenues and ignoring the importance of placing limits on governmental growth. In addition, McKenzie's description of “constitutional economics” as an intellectual movement that “promises far more radical reforms of government than those ever attempted by Keynesian and supply-side economics” (1984, p. 1) indicates that “constitutional” and supply-side economics are different. Yet, his discussion of the Laffer curve and supply-side tax cuts from a constitutional economist's perspective leaves the distinct impression that the two schools are in agreement on tax policy positions.

scholarly journals EQUALITY AND CITIZENSHIP FOR WOMEN IN MALAYSIA: WHERE AND WHEN?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Nik Salida Suhaila Nik Saleh ◽  
Syahirah Abdul Shukor ◽  
Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Children's Rights ◽  
Core Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
The Core ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
The Government ◽  
Equal Right ◽  
Malaysian Women

Malaysia has agreed that all men and women are accorded equal right to citizenship under the Federal Constitution. Article 14 (1) (b) and Part II of the Second Schedule of the Federal Constitution provide for citizenship by operation of law for every person born outside Malaysia whose father is at the time of the birth a citizen of Malaysia. However, a Malaysian woman can apply for her child to be registered as a citizen under Article 15(2) of the Federal Constitution. In this regard, the Government has enhanced the implementation of Article 15(2) by way of an interim administrative procedure that was implemented on 1 June 2010 and applies to children born overseas after 1 January 2010 to Malaysian women who are married to foreigners. The core analysis in this article is to examine whether Malaysian laws on women and their children’s rights to citizenship is harmonious with the Women’s Convention. We analyse whether Malaysia has taken all appropriate measures, including laws, policies, administrative decisions and programmes, to eliminate women’s disadvantages based on the principal areas of concern and recommendations of the CEDAW in the concluding comments made against Malaysia following the list of issues and questions in relation to the combined third to fifth periodic reports of Malaysia following the Sixty-Ninth Session in Geneva from 19 February to 9 March 2018 and the application of equality informed by the Women’s Convention. 

scholarly journals The Role of Local Finance in Overcoming Socioeconomic Inequalities in Polish Rural Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Standar ◽  
Kozera
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Local Public Finance ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Rural Municipalities ◽  
Development Levels

Poland is affected not only by a persistent regional differentiation but also by an internal polarization of regional development levels, particularly in rural areas. Local government authorities, especially municipalities, play an important role in bridging inequalities in socioeconomic rural development. This is because the investment capacity depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of local public finance. Note that the fight against inequalities is related to the issues of sustainable development. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to assess the changes in the level of socioeconomic inequalities between rural municipalities and the importance of local public finance in bridging these inequalities, as illustrated by the example of Poland. The objective formulated above emanates from the research hypothesis advanced by the authors which assumes that a strong relationship exists between one’s own income and investment potential, on one side, and the socioeconomic development level of Polish rural municipalities, on the other. In the first stage of research, the levels of socioeconomic development of the municipalities surveyed were assessed with a synthetic indicator estimated using the TOPSIS method (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution). The indicator served as a basis for building the typological classes of socioeconomic development at the municipal level. Following this, selected descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the typological classes of socioeconomic development. The second stage of research consisted of assessing the quantitative relationships between the development level and the financial situation of entities surveyed. This was done using the Pearson linear correlation coefficient and the pseudo-test of differences of means. As demonstrated in the analyses, Polish rural municipalities witnessed an improvement in their socioeconomic development level and a simultaneous reduction in development disparities. Also identified were the relationships between local public finance and development levels of rural municipalities. The empirical study also allowed us to confirm the research hypothesis formulated in this paper.

scholarly journals SWI-Prolog

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN WIELEMAKER ◽  
TOM SCHRIJVERS ◽  
MARKUS TRISKA ◽  
TORBJÖRN LAGER
Keyword(s):  
Unit Testing ◽  
Documentation System ◽  
Core System ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Testing Environment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Community Project ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

AbstractSWI-Prolog is neither a commercial Prolog system nor a purely academic enterprise, but increasingly a community project. The core system has been shaped to its current form while being used as a tool for building research prototypes, primarily for knowledge-intensive and interactive systems. Community contributions have added several interfaces and the constraint (CLP) libraries. Commercial involvement has created the initial garbage collector, added several interfaces and two development tools: PlDoc (a literate programming documentation system) and PlUnit (a unit testing environment).In this article, we present SWI-Prolog as an integrating tool, supporting a wide range of ideas developed in the Prolog community and acting as glue between foreign resources. This article itself is the glue between technical articles on SWI-Prolog, providing context and experience in applying them over a longer period.

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

A scanning electron microscopic study on dissolving process of cholesterol gallstones by chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-523
Author(s):  
T. Kanetaka ◽  
M. Cho ◽  
S. Kawamura ◽  
T. Sado ◽  
K. Hara
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
The Core ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Acceleration Voltage ◽  
Scanning Electron

The authors have investigated the dissolution process of human cholesterol gallstones using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). This study was carried out by comparing control gallstones incubated in beagle bile with gallstones obtained from patients who were treated with chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA).The cholesterol gallstones for this study were obtained from 14 patients. Three control patients were treated without CDCA and eleven patients were treated with CDCA 300-600 mg/day for periods ranging from four to twenty five months. It was confirmed through chemical analysis that these gallstones contained more than 80% cholesterol in both the outer surface and the core.The specimen were obtained from the outer surface and the core of the gallstones. Each specimen was attached to alminum sheet and coated with carbon to 100Å thickness. The SEM observation was made by Hitachi S-550 with 20 kV acceleration voltage and with 60-20, 000X magnification.

The Structure and Development of Microbodies in the Fat Body and other Tissues of an Insect (Calpodes Ethlius)

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
M. Locke ◽  
J. T. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
Urate Oxidase ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Free Base ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Matrix

The fat body of insects has always been compared functionally to the liver of vertebrates. Both synthesize and store glycogen and lipid and are concerned with the formation of blood proteins. The comparison becomes even more apt with the discovery of microbodies and the localization of urate oxidase and catalase in insect fat body.The microbodies are oval to spherical bodies about 1μ across with a depression and dense core on one side. The core is made of coiled tubules together with dense material close to the depressed membrane. The tubules may appear loose or densely packed but always intertwined like liquid crystals, never straight as in solid crystals (Fig. 1). When fat body is reacted with diaminobenzidine free base and H2O2 at pH 9.0 to determine the distribution of catalase, electron microscopy shows the enzyme in the matrix of the microbodies (Fig. 2). The reaction is abolished by 3-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole, a competitive inhibitor of catalase. The fat body is the only tissue which consistantly reacts positively for urate oxidase. The reaction product is sharply localized in granules of about the same size and distribution as the microbodies. The reaction is inhibited by 2, 6, 8-trichloropurine, a competitive inhibitor of urate oxidase.

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