scholarly journals Susceptibility response of varieties and local populations of lupines to Bruchus rufimanus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ivelina Mitkova NIKOLOVA
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Polish Population ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Stable Position ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Clear Advantage

This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility response of varieties and local populations of lupines to Bruchus rufimanus in multi-environment field tests. Seed damaged rate and susceptibility index were assessed in each environment and subjected to a heritability-adjusted genotype and genotype x environment biplot analysis. It was found that the susceptibility index of damaged seeds was positively related to precipitation amounts and humidity, and inversely to min and max temperatures. The seed damaged rate was positively related to temperatures but negatively to rain and humidity. The local polish population WAT and cultivars Pink Mutant, Solnechnii, and Bezimenii 1 had the lowest seed damaged rate and stable position across environments. Meanwhile, these cultivars showed a low susceptibility index and low variability. The discrepancy between the early phenological development of ‘Pink Mutant’, ‘Solnechnii’, and ‘Bezimenii 1’ and the life cycle of B. rufimanus was one of the reasons for manifested tolerance. Correlations between damaged seed and susceptibility index as well as the mass of 1000 seeds and sensitivity index were strongly positive and negative, respectively. ‘WAT’, ‘Pink Mutant’, ‘Solnechnii’, and ‘Bezimenii 1’ had a clear advantage in defending itself from B. rufimanus attack, which makes them particularly interesting for breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Encounter rate between local populations shapes host selection in complex parasite life cycle

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
GÉRALDINE LOOT ◽  
YOUNG-SEUK PARK ◽  
SOVAN LEK ◽  
SÉBASTIEN BROSSE
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Selection ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
Parasite Life Cycle ◽  
Local Populations

Patterns of genetic diversity in the sumac gall aphid, Melaphis rhois

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. N. Hebert ◽  
Terrie L. Finston ◽  
Robert Foottit
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Important Interaction ◽  
Plant Characteristics

In contrast to prior work on aphids, which has focused on pest species, the present study involved the analysis of genetic diversity in Melaphis rhois, a species that employs sumac and moss as alternate hosts. The life cycle involves a spring migration to sumac, with each sexual female producing a single offspring, which elicits a gall and subsequently proliferates clonally within it. Allozyme surveys at 52 sites in Ontario and Quebec established the absence of migration among galls and indicated that this species shares the low level of genetic diversity found in pest aphids. Genotypic frequencies in local populations of M. rhois showed frequent heterozygote deficits, suggesting the prevalence of inbreeding. Gene frequency divergence among populations was exceptionally pronounced, providing further evidence that gene flow was restricted. The unusual genetic attributes of this species suggest the important interaction among host-plant characteristics and the dispersal ability of aphids and their genetic systems.Key words: aphid, Melaphis, parthenogenesis, allozyme, cyclic parthenogen.

BAYOU PEROT AND THE UNUSUAL SITUATION OF STRANDED OIL ADHERED TO MUD FLATS

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 551-556
Author(s):  
Charlie Henry ◽  
Doug Helton ◽  
Jacqeline Michel ◽  
Christopher Woodle
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Adhesive Bond ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Mud Flat ◽  
Cleanup Workers

ABSTRACT The Environmental Sensitivity Index ranks Sheltered Mud Flats as a 9 on a scale of 1 to 10 (with 10 being the most sensitive of habitats). Mud flats are very soft substrates that will not support even the lightest of foot traffic by cleanup workers. Conventional wisdom suggests that oil that strands on a mud flat during low water will lift and float free during the next high water event. Afterwards, the flat will generally appear free of oil. It is very unusual for stranded oil to form a strong adhesive bond to the wet substrate such that during high water events, water flows over the oil, and the oil doesn't resurface and float away. When the water level drops, the oil remains. This unusual process was one of the problems facing responders during the Bayou Perot Oil Spill in Southern Louisiana in January, 2007. The spill was reportedly caused by a vessel striking a small platform and wellhead. The incident resulted in an uncontrolled, wild well release that lasted for nearly five days. During that time, more than 7000 bbls of crude oil and production water emulsion were thought to have been released into the environment. Several thousand of those barrels became stranded in an adjacent wetland with most of the oil stranded on mud flats and in shallow canals with little to no water. The water levels were very low at the time of the event. Subsequent tidal and wind-driven water level changes failed to significantly free the oil. Most of the emulsified oil remained adhered to the mud flats. The question and response challenge became, “How do you clean mud flats adjacent to sensitive marsh habitat without causing unacceptable collateral damage?” Field tests were conducted using several types of sorbents (snare, sweeps, and bagasse), a solidifier, squeegees, and burning. The outcome, based on these tests, was to use “Airboat-deployed Vacuum Recovery Systems. This paper provides a case study of an unusual, and challenging, oiling event that required a series of field experiments to develop a practical cleanup strategy.

scholarly journals Yield stability of rapeseed genotypes under drought stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdipour Sara ◽  
Rezaeizad Abbas ◽  
Azizinezhad Reza ◽  
Etminan Alireza
Keyword(s):  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Gxe Interaction ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Ammi Model ◽  
Gxe Interactions ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Poor Stability

Genotype by Environment (GxE) interactions of 29 rapeseed genotypes in normal irrigation and irrigation cut off from flowering and silique formation stages have been worked out from the data recorded during three cropping seasons. Combined variance analysis showed a significant variation for year (cropping season), moisture regimes, genotype, genotype x moisture regimes and genotype x year interactions. Results of AMMI model analysis showed that three first genotype x environment principal components (PC) were significant at 1% level of probability and fourth PC at 5% level. These four components explained 35.6, 24.4, 18.4 and 14.8 per cent of the GxE sum of squares, respectively. According to AMMI2 biplot analysis, genotypes such as L155, Neptune, Elvise, Jerry, GkGabriella, Sw102, GKH0224, Julius, GKH3705 and Sarigol were positioned in the center of the biplot so had the least GxE interaction and showed the most general compatibility. Based on simultaneous selection, winter type of genotypes namely, GKH2624, SW102, HW118, GKH3705, Wpn6 and L72 were identified as high yielding and stable whereas, spring genotypes namely, Zabol10, Dalgan, Jerome and Hyola4815 were identified as low yielding with poor stability.

scholarly journals GGE-Biplot analysis of multienvironments yield trials of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.,)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohamed Abdelmoghny ◽  
Reham Helmy Gibely ◽  
Mariz Sobhy Max ◽  
Emad Abdelazeim Amer ◽  
Salah Saber Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Egyptian Cotton ◽  
The Ideal

GGE biplot technique is one of the most appropriate methods for investigating the genotype x environment interaction. A total of twenty one Egyptian cotton genotypes were tested to evaluate stability and adaptability during two agricultural years at four environments using randomized complete block design with six replications. The analysis of variance showed that the effect of environments, years, environment x years, genotypes, and genotype x environment was highly significant for lint cotton yield / plot. Also, the interaction effect due to G x Y x E was also significant. The variation of sum of squares was divided for genotypes, years, environments, and GEI to 25.261 %, 0.574 %, 36.660 % and 3.396 % respectively of total variance for lint cotton yield / plot. The analysis of environments revealed that the cotton genotypes showed maximum mean values for lint cotton yield in El-Gharbiya then Kafr El-Sheikh. Comparative performance of genotypes through genotype by environment interaction (GEI) revealed that genotypes produced maximum lint cotton yield during 2019 at El-Gharbiya followed by Kafr El-Sheikh. The results of biplot analysis showed that the first and second principle components accounted 87.96 % and 5.86 %, respectively, and in total of 93.82 % lint cotton yield variance. The polygon view led to the identification of top six genotypes. G6, G7 and G15 were the ideal genotypes which has the highest mean performance coupled with maximum stability. The ideal genotype could be used as a benchmark for selection. While, the desirable genotypes was (G2, G4 and G5) characterized by high mean yield but less ideal genotypes. E2 was the ideal environment across four environments which have the highest ability to discriminate the genotypes. Four environments had long vectors with small angles (acute) are highly correlated and clustered as one mega-environment. The cotton breeder should evaluate the genotypes under new environments to reduce the costs.     

The Evaluation of NHW-1 Type Coated Tubing Abrasion Resistance Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 937-942
Author(s):  
Ke Liang Wang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Li Jing Sun ◽  
Chun Bao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Pumping Wells ◽  
Resistance Performance

The eccentric wear of the sucker rods and tubes has already become the greatest bottleneck restricting the development of oil recovery technology of pumping wells. There is lots of inadaptability of the current control measures. The laboratory study and field tests showed that the NHW-1type coated tubing had a good protection of the rods and tubes of the well pumps. Compared with ordinary tubing, coating can prolong the life cycle of the tubes for more than 2.6 times. At present, the eccentric wear control technology is advanced both at home and abroad.

scholarly journals Marketing mechanisms in the activity of the regional innovation ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Darya Lanskaya ◽  
Vladimir Ermolenko ◽  
Irina Mironova ◽  
Marina Todika ◽  
Anastasia Yakovlenko
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Stable Position ◽  
Environmental Systems ◽  
The Future ◽  
Marketing Methods

The paper examines marketing problems in the activity of the innovative ecosystem of the region, the main directions of world trends in the field of innovation. The study is aimed at adapting traditional marketing methods to the specifics of the innovation market in the context of conflicting global competition in order to achieve a stable position of innovative subjects in the market of innovations. The factors that determine the life cycle of innovative ecosystems and the reasons for the very modest results of their activities are identified. The evolution of the content of the marketing mix is considered and the future of innovation is associated with marketing transformations towards customer satisfaction and retention in the innovation market. Marketing in environmental systems has a multi-circuit and multi-layer configuration structure, focused on all the special actors of the innovation ecosystem.

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