scholarly journals One-Point Cellulose Adsorbents for Water Purification

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Yakubu AZEH ◽  
Yohanna Bello Paiko ◽  
Gimba Alfred
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Wastewater Quality

The protection of our environment from pollution by various industrial wastewater discharges is of great importance that each Industry treats its effluent to meet acceptable limit/design means to reclaim water from industrial effluents for re-use. The study aimed at reclaiming water from wastewater by assessing the performance of two cellulose adsorbents using the fixed-bed column method to treat pharmaceutical/metal wastewater. The study was carried out by determining the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of wastewater quality before and after treatment using fixed-bed column. Effluent samples were collected and analyzed according to standard methods. The range of percentage reduction in pollution load with respect to treatment time: 30, 120, 360 and 1440 min was 45-52%, 55-64%, 31-43, 25- 45%, 41- 44%, 55-73%, 48- 51%, 48-54%, 56-71% 13-31%, 45-52%, 47-67% from the metal effluent using nanocellulose adsorbent while 14-24%, 18-23%, 4-10%, 28-46%, 16-20%, 24-42%, 14-32%, 42-57%, 32-52%, 36-47%, 37-56%, 8-53% from the pharmaceutical effluent using oxidized cellulose adsorbent for colour, turbidity, conductivity, total hardness, Nitrite, Phosphate, Ammonia, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, total solids, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids respectively. Up to 99.9 % was achieved by the adsorbents in the removal of biological contaminants. The study concluded that the celluloses adsorbents showed promising potentials as one-point adsorbent that can be used for water reclamation from wastewater by its ability to remediate both physico-chemical and bacteriological contaminants.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations in Physico-Chemical Characterstics of Tapi Estuary in Hazira Industrial Area

Our Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gadhia ◽  
R Surana ◽  
E Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

Present study was carried out to determine the important physico chemical parameters of water of Tapi estuary in Hazira industrial area. Tapi estuary receives the inputs of organic matter and nutrients coming from the domestic wastewater discharges from Surat City, a textile hub as well as industrial effluents from Hazira, a major industrial Complex of Gujarat, India. Uncontrolled discharges of domestic wastes and industrial effluents have affected the estuary. Present study was carried out from June - 2011 to May 2012 to study the impacts of uncontrolled discharges on physicochemical characteristics of water. Samples were collected monthly in the morning during low tide to determine the important physico chemical parameters Viz. Turbidity, conductivity, total solid, total dissolved solid, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, Calcium, chloride, sodium , potassium and nutrients like nitrate, nitrite and phosphate. Dissolved oxygen was found extremely low during the study period. High biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen demand (COD) showed that the water quality of estuary has been affected by industrial and domestic effluents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7811

scholarly journals Physico-chemical parameters of Itahari sub-metropolitan fish pond, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Ganesh Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Joydeb Pal
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dissolved Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aquatic Flora

Itahari Sub-metropolitan pond is located in the centre of the city. Influence of variations in physico-chemical parameters on aquatic flora and fauna especially in fishes brought strong stress on fishes and increases the incidence of diseases leading to high mortality. Due to lack of adequate knowledge about it, productivity of ponds is very low. In the present study, maximum and minimum variations and correlation between different physico-chemical parameters - air temperature, water temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, dissolved carbon dioxide, ammonia, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chloride, total alkalinity, total hardness and phosphate were taken into consideration. The water quality of fish ponds were normal except high fluctuation of chloride 4.0 - 44.87mg/l and ammonia 0.48-13.6 mg/l during manuaring period and casual addition of wastes like toilet cleaners, caustic potash etc.. Due to sudden fall in DO less than 4 mg/l during April and May, 2014 and increment of ammonia after addition of toilet wastes in Sept.19, 2015 ; mass mortality of fishes Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala, Hypothalamichthys molitrix, Aristichthysnobilis occurred in the study site.

scholarly journals Estimation of Some Physico-Chemical Parameters of Tannery Effluents to Surrounding Environment (A Yemeni Case Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (30) ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
Adel A. M. Saeed ◽  
◽  
Nasser M. N. Masood ◽  
Ali N. A. Al-Kumi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Government

Water pollution caused by leather industrial effluent discharges has become a troublesome phenomenon due to its negative impact on environmental health and safety. In this paper, the wastewater in the vicinity of Lawdar tannery areas was assessed in two years from October 2019 to June 2021 to determine physico-chemical parameters of industrial effluents of Lawdar tannery at four different area points. Tannery effluents were collected and all samples were analyzed in the laboratory and rated as no freshwater with parameters such as acidity and basicity, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, color, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, and several positive and negative ions. The investigation showed that all physico-chemical parameters were higher than the standard disposal limits of discharged water quality. The findings of this research will assist the government and tanneries in the treatment of wastewater before discharging to the environment and monitoring the dump sites with regards to disposal arrangement of the tannery effluents and environmental assessment.

scholarly journals Effect of Photooxidation on Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling During Wastewater Treatment from the Confectionery Industry

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Anna Marszałek ◽  
Ewa Puszczało
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Uv Lamp

The research in this article aimed to present the possibilities of wastewater treatment coming from the confectionery plant in the nanofiltration (NF) process and the use of photooxidation to mitigate membrane fouling. The process was carried out initially in a dead-end flow system, where the most favorable membrane was selected. Next, the purification efficiency and blocking intensity of this membrane in the system were compared with cross flow. The next research involved the use of a photolytic oxidation process to pretreat sugar wastewater. UV radiation was emitted by a medium pressure mercury UV lamp model TQ 150 V. The effectiveness of the process was also evaluated based on the degree of pollutant load removal. The evaluation of the efficiency of a treatment process was based on the change of wastewater quality indicators before and after the membrane process. The following parameters were controlled: color, COD (chemical oxygen demand), TOC (total organic carbon), absorbance of UV254, nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, conductivity, and pH. During the course of pressure filtration, the following properties of the membrane were determined: the dependence of the volumetric flux of the permeate on the process duration, the permeability of the membrane, as well as the contact angle of the membranes. It was found that the use of UV reduced the phenomenon of fouling of nanofiltration membranes. The value of the permeate volumetric flow after the hour of running the process increased by 17%. However, no impact of UV on the efficiency of wastewater treatment was found. However, the NF process provided the required quality of treated wastewater that can be reused in industrial applications. The NF process resulted in a total decrease in absorbance, 99% TOC removal, and 98% color removal.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of water quality of the Karra River, Hetauda, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Sadhana Pradhanang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Region

The assessment of water quality of Karra River in Hetauda, Nepal was carried out by determining the changes in the concentration levels of eight physico-chemical parameters (pH, Electric conductivity (EC), bicarbonate, dissolved oxygen (DO), silica, chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate and nitrate). The samples were collected from upstream, industrial belt and downstream of the Karra River. The Karra River is the dumping ground for industrial effluents of Hetauda industrial district (HID). On analysis, the concentrations of most of the physico-chemicals parameters were found to be above the prescribed limits for industrial wastewater into inland surface waters. Dissolved Oxygen was found to be in the range of 0.49- 8.47 mg/L while COD, nitrate and phosphate were recorded in the range of 8.3-367 mg/L, 0.35- 78.22 mg/L and 0.01-1.64 mg/L, respectively. Concentrations of most of these parameters were within the prescribed limits in the samples collected from upstream and downstream, revealing the river still in good condition at these points indicating less human interference at the head water region and good self-purification capacity at downstream. However the concentrations of the pollutants’ parameters are higher at the sample points just after effluent discharge.Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology, Vol. 8(1) p.58-65

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Characterization of Local Tannery Waste Water Before and After Flocculation Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Abba Paltahe ◽  
Tsamo Cornelius ◽  
Balkissou Sambo ◽  
Djaoyang Christian ◽  
Téri Téri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vegetable Tanning

This paper presents the variation in physico-chemical properties of a local Maroua tannery effluent before and after a flocculation treatment. Tanning is a process that consists of the transformation of the animal skin into leather by using different baths which contain many chemical reagents and produces high quantity of liquid and solid waste. The used water of traditional tannery of Maroua is directly thrown in nature without any pre-treatment posing a potential risk to the environment and human health. Physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH and conductivity, Total suspended solids, Total hardness, chlorides, sulfides, nitrates,COD, BOD5 , ammonium ion, dissolve oxygen, turbidity, colour and odour were determined before and after aluminum sulfate powder flocculation treatment for effluents collected from soaking, liming, deliming and vegetable tanning stages of the tannery process. The results obtained showed that most of the physico-chemical parameters are higher than the international standard. The results obtained made it possible to classify these four effluents in order of toxicity as follows: Liming water > vegetable tanning water > deliming water > soaking water. The treatment of these waste waters by flocculation reduces the concentrations of certain pollutant loads such as TSS, turbidity, hardness, COD, BOD5, sulfate; but remains less effective on others such as nitrate, chloride and ammonium ion (8%). There is also a decrease in pH, an increase in dissolved oxygen and conductivity. The flocculation treatment thus considerably reduced the toxicity of these effluents, especially its organic load.

scholarly journals Impact of Industrial Effluent Discharge on the Physico-chemical Properties of Aleto Stream, Eleme, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
S. L. Gbarakoro ◽  
T. N. Gbarakoro ◽  
W. L. Eebu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Effluent Discharge ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This research work aimed to determine the impact of industrial effluent discharge on the physicochemical properties of Aleto Stream, Eleme and Rivers State. Study Design: Random sampling technique was applied in this study. The study area was divided into three sites; upstream, downstream all of Aleto Stream and Agbonchia Stream which serves for the control experiment. Water samples for eleven physical and six chemical parameters were collected in a Completely Randomized Design. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out on Aleto and Agbonchia streams at Eleme, Rivers State, Nigeria from 2017 to 2018. Methodology: Two samples were collected; one sample at the Aleto stream where the industrial effluent is being channelled into the stream and the other sample was collected from Agbonchia stream, which was used as a control. In the Aleto Stream, sampling was made at two points; point A (upstream) point B (downstream) and each of these points had their Physico-chemical properties tested while only one sample was collected from the Agbonchia Stream. Physico-chemical properties were analyzed in the samples using pH meter for pH, Turbidity meter for turbidity, Conductivity meter for electrical conductivity, phosphate by colourimetric method, total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS) by gravimetric method, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) by standard method, chloride, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), calcium hardness, total hardness by titrimetric method, colour, odour and taste by sensory method. Results: Results obtained on the Physico-chemical properties had varying concentrations of Temperature, Total hardness, Chloride, Alkalinity, DO and Phosphate that were within world health organization (24)  and Federal Ministry of Environment (1991) permissible limits on both upstream and downstream with values ranging from 29.0-23.7oC, 360-125 mg/l, 120-100 mg/l, 36-30 mg/l, 4.9-4.4 mg/l, 1.92-1.2 mg/l respectively while Electrical conductivity, Turbidity, TSS, TDS, Calcium hardness, COD, BOD, Colour, Taste and Odour were above permissible limits on both upstream and downstream with values ranging from 1660-1700 mg/l, 83-112NTU, 82-80 mg/l, 910-914 mg/l, 1590-1900 mg/l, 100-165 mg/l, 4.36-3.88 mg/l respectively. The pH values ranged from 9.0-6.3 mg/l showing a result on the upstream to be alkaline while the downstream was slightly acidic. The increase in the above parameters above their permissible limits is as a result of the impact of industrial effluent discharges drained into the stream. This indicates that the stream is unfit for both human and aquatic inmates. Conclusion: Therefore, proper management of this effluent should be ensured and an acute test with lethal concentration (LC50) as the endpoint is recommended to determine the degree of toxicity of the effluent waste.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment Using Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals of Gobind Sagar Lake, Himachal Pradesh (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Walia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Today the environment has become harmful for the health of living organisms due to excessive pollution and contamination of natural resources. The present investigation has been carried out with the objective to assess the water quality of the Gobind Sagar Lake, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh (India) using physico-chemical parameters with heavy metals of the lake. For this study, three sampling sites were identified and samples from different sites were collected in summer season and important parameters [Water Temperature, pH, Total Hardness, Dissolved Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride, Total Alkalinity, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)] with heavy metals [ Lead (P), Copper (Co), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn), Chromium (Cr) were analyzed. The results revealed that the different conditions of Gobind Sagar Lake in different sampling stations showed fluctuations in some physico-chemical parameters and also in heavy metals. These result depicted that water of lake was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of the lake. There are other many ways that things can end up in the lake as the free style way of disposal of industrial and domestic effluents etc. Results of studies on heavy metals in pollution are well documented revealing the toxic effects of these metals on aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Determination of Shelf Life of Selected Sachet Water in Ogbomoso, Oyo State Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatunji Sunday Olaniyan ◽  
S Adewale Adeyemi ◽  
Waheed O Adeleke
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Measurements ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Sachet Water

Water is life and every living thing depends on it for existence. Sachet water has gradually become the most widely consumed liquid in Nigeria with varying qualities. This study investigates the temporal variation in water quality of Sachet water produced in Ogbomoso, Oyo State. Ten (10) brands of sachet water from Ogbomoso South and North Local government area were collected within 24 hours of production and stored at standard room temperature and conditions. Sub-samples were drawn from the stock samples on daily basis for physico-chemical measurements on the water samples Temperature, pH, colour, turbidity, Hardness, Total Alkalinity, Dissolve Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Nitrate values were determined in accordance with World Health Organization (W.H.O) analytical methods. Temperature, pH and Colour values ranged from (28.3 - 30.5) ̊C, (7.96 - 8.80) and (20-70) Hazen, respectively. The Total hardness EC and DO and BOD values varied from (45-105)mg/l, (11 - 184)µs, (2.83 - 12.24)mg/L and (18.2 - 28.4)mg/l, respectively. Shelf life for the selected sachet water in Ogbomoso is 12 weeks from the date of production under laboratory condition with partial exposure to sunlight.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Steel Making Waste Water by Using Electric Arc Furnace Slag

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2557-2564 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Beh ◽  
T. G. Chuah ◽  
M. N. Nourouzi ◽  
T. Choong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

This work investigated the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS) and the concentration of heavy metals of wastewater from a steel making plant. Adsorption experiments were carried out by electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) in a fixed-bed column mode. The raw wastewater did not meet the standard B limitations, having high values of BOD, COD, TSS, Iron, Zinc, Manganese and Copper. After passing through the fixed bed column, BOD, COD and TSS values decreased to 1.6, 6.3 and <2 mgL-1, respectively while the concentration of Iron, Zinc, Manganese and Copper were 0.08, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.07 mgL-1, respectively. The results confirmed that EAFS can be used as an efficient adsorbent for producing treated water that comply with the Standard B limitations for an industrial effluent.

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