Examining the state level heterogeneity of public health expenditure in India: an empirical evidence from panel data

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Behera ◽  
Umakant Dash
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Health Expenditure

scholarly journals The Impact of Public Health Expenditure on Economic Development – Evidence from Prefecture-Level Panel Data of Shandong Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Maoguo Wu ◽  
Zhenyu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Quantitative Relation ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
Social Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

Public health expenditure is an indispensable part of social economy. The public has always paid close attention to public health expenditure. In order to study the quantitative relation between public health expenditure and social economic development, this paper investigates prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province, due to the unique characteristics of Shandong Province. Making theoretical and empirical contributions, this paper augments the Cobb-Douglas production function with public health expenditure and empirically analyzes economic development of prefecture- level cities in Shandong Province. A panel data set is established, followed by multivariate regression analysis. Empirical results find that public health expenditure per capita and coverage of medical insurance can significantly promote social economic development. However, the expansion and growth of the number of health institutions does not necessarily promote economic development. Instead, it may even hold back economic development by causing personnel redundancy and waste of resources. If the government transfers its investment focus from the scale and the speed of development of medical services to their fairness and efficiency, public health expenditure may vastly improve both public health and economic development.

scholarly journals The Effects of Health Expenditure on Health Outcomes Based on the Classification of Public Health Expenditure: A Panel Data Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Rezapour ◽  
Abdoreza Mousavi ◽  
Farhad Lotfi ◽  
Maryam Soleimani Movahed ◽  
Samira Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Public Health Expenditure

Public health expenditure and child mortality in Southern Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1137-1154
Author(s):  
Chamunorwa Nyamuranga ◽  
Jaeun Shin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Under Five

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically assess the effect of public health expenditure on child mortality in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region in comparison to the developing world as a whole and the region of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Design/methodology/approach This study used panel data extracted from the World Development Indicators database for the period 2000–2013 for 98 developing countries including 15 SADC countries. A dynamic panel data model of child mortality was estimated using the system generalized method of moments technique. Findings Results indicate that public health expenditure has a statistically significant effect on reducing infant and under-five mortality rates in the developing world, and that this effect is strongest in the SADC. Immunization and female literacy contributed significantly to the prevention of deaths of infants and children under five in developing countries. In the region of SSA, improved water sources and the reduction in the prevalence of HIV were found to be effective in reducing childhood mortality. There was little evidence for the benefit of higher GDP per capita. Practical implications The findings of this study suggest four policy areas which should be prioritized in public health spending to achieve better health among children: ensuring that females have better access to education, providing immunizations, intensifying interventions against the spread of HIV/AIDS, and improving water and sanitation infrastructure. Originality/value This study, which shows that the benefits of public health expenditure may be augmented by regional collaborations like the SADC, is one of the first to explore regional heterogeneity in the effectiveness of public health expenditure for the improvement of children’s health across the developing world.

The impact of macro-fiscal factors and private health insurance financing on public health expenditure: evidence from the OECD countries for the period 2000–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Sfakianakis ◽  
Nikolaos Grigorakis ◽  
Georgios Galyfianakis ◽  
Maria Katharaki
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeBecause of the 2008 global financial crisis aftermaths, economic downturn and prolonged recession, several OECD countries have adopted an austerity compound by significantly reducing public health expenditure (PHE) for dealing with their fiscal pressure and sovereign-debt challenges. Against this backdrop, this study aims to examine the responsiveness of PHE to macro-fiscal determinants, demography, as well to private health insurance (PHI) financing.Design/methodology/approachThe authors gather annual panel data from four international organizations databases for the total of OECD countries from a period lasting from 2000 to 2017. The authors apply static and dynamic econometric methodology to deal with panel data and assess the impact of several parameters on PHE.FindingsThe authors’ findings indicate that gross domestic product, fiscal capacity, tax revenues and population aging have a positive effect on PHE. Further, the authors find that both unemployment rate and voluntary private health insurance financing present a negative statistically significant impact on our estimated outcome variable. Different specifications and sample periods applied in the regression models reveal how inseparably associated are PHE and OECD's economies compliance on macro-fiscal policies for offsetting public finances derailment.Practical implicationsProviding more evidence on the responsiveness of PHE to several macro-fiscal drivers, it can be a helpful tool for governments to reconsider their persistence on fiscal adjustments measures and rank public health financing to the top of their political agenda. Health systems policies for meeting Universal Health Coverage (UHC) objectives, they should also take into consideration the voluntary PHI institution, especially for economies with insufficient fiscal capacity to raise public health financing.Originality/valueTo the best of knowledge, the impact of unemployment and voluntary PHI funding on public health financing, apart from other macro-fiscal and demographical parameters effect, remains unnoticed in the existing published studies on the topic.

Empirical analysis of factors influencing the public health expenditure in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kok Wooi Yap ◽  
Doris Padmini Selvaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Per Capita

This study aims to investigate the determinants of public health expenditure in Malaysia. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach proposed by Pesaran & Shin (1999) and Pesaran et al. (2001) is applied to analyse annual time series data during the period from 1970 to 2017. The study focused on four explanatory variables, namely per capita gross domestic product (GDP), healthcare price index, population aged 65 years and above, as well as infant mortality rate. The bounds test results showed that the public health expenditure and its determinants are cointegrated. The empirical results revealed that the elasticity of government health expenditure with respect to national income is less than unity, indicating that public health expenditure in Malaysia is a necessity good and thus the Wagner’s law does not exist to explain the relationship between public health expenditure and economic growth in Malaysia. In the long run, per capita GDP, healthcare price index, population aged more than 65 years, and infant mortality rate are the important variables in explaining the behaviour of public health expenditure in Malaysia. The empirical results also prove that infant mortality rate is significant in influencing public health spending in the short run. It is noted that macroeconomic and health status factors assume an important role in determining the public health expenditure in Malaysia and thus government policies and strategies should be made by taking into account of these aspects.

scholarly journals A Panel Evaluation of the Changes in the General Public’s Social-Media-Following of United States’ Public Health Departments during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272199545
Author(s):  
Areej Khokhar ◽  
Aaron Spaulding ◽  
Zuhair Niazi ◽  
Sikander Ailawadhi ◽  
Rami Manochakian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Departments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The U.S

Importance: Social media is widely used by various segments of society. Its role as a tool of communication by the Public Health Departments in the U.S. remains unknown. Objective: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media following of the Public Health Departments of the 50 States of the U.S. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were collected by visiting the Public Health Department web page for each social media platform. State-level demographics were collected from the U.S. Census Bureau. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention was utilized to collect information regarding the Governance of each State’s Public Health Department. Health rankings were collected from “America’s Health Rankings” 2019 Annual report from the United Health Foundation. The U.S. News and World Report Education Rankings were utilized to provide information regarding the public education of each State. Exposure: Data were pulled on 3 separate dates: first on March 5th (baseline and pre-national emergency declaration (NED) for COVID-19), March 18th (week following NED), and March 25th (2 weeks after NED). In addition, a variable identifying the total change across platforms was also created. All data were collected at the State level. Main Outcome: Overall, the social media following of the state Public Health Departments was very low. There was a significant increase in the public interest in following the Public Health Departments during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: With the declaration of National Emergency, there was a 150% increase in overall public following of the State Public Health Departments in the U.S. The increase was most noted in the Midwest and South regions of the U.S. The overall following in the pandemic “hotspots,” such as New York, California, and Florida, was significantly lower. Interesting correlations were noted between various demographic variables, health, and education ranking of the States and the social media following of their Health Departments. Conclusion and Relevance: Social media following of Public Health Departments across all States of the U.S. was very low. Though, the social media following significantly increased during the early course of the COVID-19 pandemic, but it still remains low. Significant opportunity exists for Public Health Departments to improve social media use to engage the public better.

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