scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of visible implant elastomer and coded wire tags for tagging young-of-the-year Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kapusta ◽  
Arkadiusz Duda ◽  
Grzegorz Wiszniewski ◽  
Ryszard Kolman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Atlantic Sturgeon ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Acipenser Oxyrinchus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Coded Wire Tags

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the retention rates of visible implant elastomer (VIE) and coded wire tags (CWT) and the impact tagging had on the growth of Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill, during an eight-week rearing period under laboratory conditions. Two size groups of young-of-the-year (YOY) sturgeon were used in the study. The tagging was not found to have a significant impact on the final total length or body weight or the condition coefficient of the sturgeon from either size group. Sturgeon survival in the different groups ranged from 90.6 to 100%. Mortality was not noted until two (CWT) and four (VIE) weeks following tagging and was probably not linked to tagging. The retention rate for VIE tags implanted in the rostrum in both size groups was 100%, while for tags implanted at the base of the pectoral fin was 93.5%. The retention of CWT in the smaller fish was 90%, and in the larger sturgeon it was 100%. Tagging small sturgeon with CWT and VIE is minimally invasive, and it did not impact the growth or condition of the tagged fish.

scholarly journals The impact of the crisis caused by coronavirus on business decisions of the companies whose shares are listed on the Banja Luka stock exchange: Example of the dividend payment decision

Bankarstvo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-65
Author(s):  
Goran Radivojac ◽  
Boško Mekinjić ◽  
Aleksandra Krčmar
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Dividend Payment ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Republika Srpska ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this paper is an analysis of the impact of the crisis caused by coronavirus on business decisions of issuers whose shares are listed on the Banja Luka Stock Exchange, through the example of dividend payment decisions. For the purpose of determining the factual situation, we observed publicly available financial reports of all companies that paid dividends from profits for 2018 and 2019 and made a comparison of profit retention rates in the two observed periods. We also analyzed other available information on the operations of these issuers. The research results show that in 10 out of 16 cases in which there was dividend payment from profits for 2019, the rate of profit retention increased compared to 2018. In addition to the mentioned 16 cases of dividend payment from the profit for the previous year, two cases were recorded in which dividend payment was made, but from the accumulated profit of previous years, so that the retention rate was not calculated for these issuers. If we take into account the fact that, in almost all cases, the decision on the (non-)payment of dividends was made at a time when uncertainties regarding coronavirus were already present in Republika Srpska, it can be concluded that the impending crisis had an impact on 2019 net results distribution decisions.

scholarly journals Looking Beyond the Household: The Importance of School Factors in Understanding Elementary Grade Retention in Rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Grade Retention ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
The Impact

This paper contributes to the limited literature on the educational outcomes of children in rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. It explores the impact of school-level factors such as physical resources, teachers and school characteristics on retention to the last grade of primary in the KP province for the time period 2007-12. Two sources of data were used to measure the retention rates. One of which is an official compilation of institutional data on education known as Education Management Information System (EMIS). The second data source, Annual Status of Education Reports (ASER), is a household data set with a rich set of household covariates, teachers’ characteristics and student performance data on reading and mathematics. The results from regression analyses indicate that children are more likely to complete primary education cycle when they receive instructions in local language and when the pupil-teacher ratio is below a certain threshold. Results also reveal that a continuous increase in school size beyond a certain threshold (> 400 enrollment) is related to a decrease in retention rate. Further, mixed schools (all-boys’ schools having girls enrolled in them) were found to have better retention rates than boys’ schools.

scholarly journals Methods of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii4-iii9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E Thompson ◽  
Pete Driezen ◽  
Christian Boudreau ◽  
Nicolas Bécuwe ◽  
Thomas K Agar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Background The EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe surveys aim to evaluate the impact of the European Union’s Tobacco Products Directive (EU TPD) implementation within the context of the WHO FCTC. This article describes the methodology of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) International Tobacco Control 6 European (6E) Country Survey in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain; the England arm of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) ITC 4 Country Smoking and Vaping (4CV) Survey; and the 2016 (Wave 10) and 2017 (Wave 11) ITC Netherlands (NL) Survey. All three ITC surveys covering a total of eight countries are prospective cohort studies with nationally representative samples of smokers. Methods In the three surveys across the eight countries, the recruited respondents were cigarette smokers who smoked at least monthly, and were aged 18 and older. At each survey wave, eligible cohort members from the previous waves were retained, regardless of smoking status, and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample. Results Retention rates between the two waves of the ITC 6E Survey by country were 70.5% for Germany, 41.3% for Greece, 35.7% for Hungary, 45.6% for Poland, 54.4% for Romania and 71.3% for Spain. The retention rate for England between ITC 4CV1 and ITC 4CV2 was 39.1%; the retention rates for the ITC Netherlands Survey were 76.6% at Wave 10 (2016) and 80.9% at Wave 11 (2017). Conclusion The ITC sampling design and data collection methods in these three ITC surveys allow analyses to examine prospectively the impact of policy environment changes on the use of cigarettes and other tobacco products in each country, to make comparisons across the eight countries.

scholarly journals Influence of the size and form of Artemia sp. nauplii on the growth and survival of Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill) larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Iwona Piotrowska ◽  
Bożena Szczepkowska ◽  
Michał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Atlantic Sturgeon ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Acipenser Oxyrinchus

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the size and form of Artemia sp. feed on the rearing indices of Atlantic sturgeon larvae. In the experiment, the nauplius sizes used were 480 µm (group AD), 430 µm (group AM), and 430 µm frozen nauplii (group AI). After three weeks of rearing, the sturgeon from group AD had the highest mean body weight of 0.131 g that was statistically significantly different from groups AM (0.071 g) and AI (0.033 g). The longest total length was noted in group AD (2.8 cm) and was statistically different from the others (P ≤ 0.05). Specific growth rate in groups AD and AM was 14.7 and 11.8% d−1, respectively, and these values differed statistically from those in group AI at 7.8% d−1. The highest survival rate was recorded in group AD at 60.6%, while the lowest was noted in group AI at 15.6%, and the differences between these two groups were statistically significant. The results of the experiment indicated that a feed of live 480 µm Artemia sp. nauplius significantly accelerated the growth rates and increased the survival rates of Atlantic sturgeon larvae.

Biology, Management, and Protection of North American Sturgeon

2002 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Atlantic Sturgeon ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Gear Selectivity ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Acipenser Oxyrinchus

<em>Abstract.</em>—Little information exists on temporal and spatial distributions of wild and hatch-ery-reared Atlantic sturgeon <em>Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus</em> in the Chesapeake Bay. Approximately 3,300 hatchery-reared Atlantic sturgeon comprised of two size groups were released into the Nanticoke River, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, on 8 July 1996. During January 1996–May 2000, 1099 Atlantic sturgeon were captured incidentally (i.e., bycatch) by commercial watermen in the Chesapeake Bay, including 420 hatchery-reared individuals. Wild and hatchery-reared Atlantic sturgeon were captured primarily in pound nets and gill nets. Biologists tagged each fish and recorded weight, length, and location of capture. Although two adults greater than 2000 mm fork length (FL) were captured in Maryland waters, wild sturgeon were primarily juveniles from Maryland and Virginia waters (415 and 259 individuals below 1000 mm FL, respectively). A growth rate of 0.565 mm/d (<EM>N </EM>= 15, SE = 0.081) was estimated for wild individuals (487–944 mm TL at release) at liberty from 30 to 622 d. The average growth of the group of hatchery-reared Atlantic sturgeon raised at 10°C exceeded that of the group raised at 17°C. Our distributional data based on capture locations are biased by fishery dependence and gear selectivity. These data are informative to managers, however, because commercial effort is widely distributed in the Chesapeake Bay, and little distributional data were available before this study.

scholarly journals The Impact of Distance Education on University Retention Rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Emily Breit ◽  
Samuel Schreyer
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Freshmen Retention ◽  
University Retention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Education Courses ◽  
The U.S

This study uses new measures of distance education to assess the impact on retention rates at 4-year public and private non-profit universities in the U.S. We present evidence that the percent of undergraduates enrolled exclusively in distance education courses reduces a university’s freshmen retention rate, particularly for institutions with a relatively low median SAT score.  We find no clear evidence of lower retention rates when undergraduates are enrolled in a combination of on-campus and distance education courses.  These findings suggest increased enrollment through distance education can come at the expense of lower retention.

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of the timing of first feeding with live and formulated feeds on the survival and growth of larvae Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill) in recirculating systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Iwona Piotrowska ◽  
Bożena Szczepkowska ◽  
Mirosław Szczepkowski ◽  
Michał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Atlantic Sturgeon ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Formulated Feed ◽  
Acipenser Oxyrinchus

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the optimum timing of the first feeding of live and formulated feeds and its impact on the survival and growth of larval Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill, reared in recirculating systems. The first experiment compared the rearing effects on larvae that were provided live feed (Artemia sp.) at first feeding on 6, 9, and 12 days post hatch (DPH). The timing of the first feeding with live feed had an impact on the specific growth rate, the final body weight, and the coefficient of body weight variation. The most advantageous rearing parameter values were noted in the group given their first feeding 9 DPH (P < 0.05). The second experiment compared the results of rearing larvae that were first given formulated feed on days 20, 25, and 30 post hatch. The highest specific growth rate and final body weight were obtained by the group of fish given their first feeding of formulated feed on day 20 post hatch (P < 0.05). The timing of the first feeding did not impact fish survival, which was above 76% (P > 0.05) in all groups. The results of the experiment indicate that the optimum timing of Atlantic sturgeon first feeding on live feed was nine DPH, and on formulated feed it was 20 DPH.

scholarly journals Evaluating the use of a recommender system for selecting optimal messages for smoking cessation: patterns and effects of user-system engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinying Chen ◽  
Thomas K. Houston ◽  
Jamie M. Faro ◽  
Catherine S. Nagawa ◽  
Elizabeth A. Orvek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Recommender System ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
User Feedback ◽  
High Response Rate ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Motivational messaging is a frequently used digital intervention to promote positive health behavior changes, including smoking cessation. Typically, motivational messaging systems have not actively sought feedback on each message, preventing a closer examination of the user-system engagement. This study assessed the granular user-system engagement around a recommender system (a new system that actively sought user feedback on each message to improve message selection) for promoting smoking cessation and the impact of engagement on cessation outcome. Methods We prospectively followed a cohort of current smokers enrolled to use the recommender system for 6 months. The system sent participants motivational messages to support smoking cessation every 3 days and used machine learning to incorporate user feedback (i.e., user’s rating on the perceived influence of each message, collected on a 5-point Likert scale with 1 indicating strong disagreement and 5 indicating strong agreement on perceiving the influence on quitting smoking) to improve the selection of the following message. We assessed user-system engagement by various metrics, including user response rate (i.e., the percent of times a user rated the messages) and the perceived influence of messages. We compared retention rates across different levels of user-system engagement and assessed the association between engagement and the 7-day point prevalence abstinence (missing outcome = smoking) by using multiple logistic regression. Results We analyzed data from 731 participants (13% Black; 73% women). The user response rate was 0.24 (SD = 0.34) and user-perceived influence was 3.76 (SD = 0.84). The retention rate positively increased with the user response rate (trend test P < 0.001). Compared with non-response, six-month cessation increased with the levels of response rates: low response rate (odds ratio [OR] = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–3.23), moderate response rate (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.36–3.88), high response rate (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.58–4.58). The association between perceived message influence and the outcome showed a similar pattern. Conclusions High user-system engagement was positively associated with both high retention rate and smoking cessation, suggesting that investigation of methods to increase engagement may be crucial to increase the impact of the recommender system for smoking cessation. Trial registration Registration Identifier: NCT03224520. Registration date: July 21, 2017.

scholarly journals Improving the Retention Rate of Fat Grafts in Recipient Areas via Botulinum Toxin A Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1436-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nian Shi ◽  
Yingjun Su ◽  
Shuzhong Guo ◽  
Zhaoxiang Zhang ◽  
Lihong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Fat Grafts ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Improving the retention rate of transplanted fat is, currently, of great concern. Partial immobilization, angiogenesis, and adipose tissue-derived stem cells, all proven to be influenced by botulinum toxin A (BTX-A), are significant in fat graft retention. Objectives The authors sought to determine the impact of BTX-A on fat grafts. Methods Our study included 12 Sprague Dawley rats and each rat’s hind limbs were randomly designated as the BTX-A side and control side. We injected 0.2 mL of BTX-A-treated fat into the quadriceps femoris and subcutaneous space of the BTX-A sides. This was also done for the control sides but with untreated fat. We performed electroneuromyography of recipient muscles at 1 week post-operation. The rats were euthanized at 12 weeks post-operation and we observed the fat retention rate, the fat’s histologic characteristics, and the density of vessels and mature adipocytes. Results The amplitudes of electroneuromyography were smaller for the BTX-A sides than the control sides. For intramuscularly injected fat, the BTX-A sides had better retention rates and histologic characteristics and a higher density of vessels and mature adipocytes than the control sides. For subcutaneously injected fat, the BTX-A sides had better histologic characteristics and a higher density of vessels and mature adipocytes than the control sides, but the retention rates were not significantly different between the 2 sides. Conclusions Injecting BTX-A-treated fat grafts can immobilize the surrounding muscles. BTX-A can improve the density of vessels and mature adipocytes, histologic characteristics of fat grafts, and retention rate of fat grafts transplanted into muscles.

scholarly journals The impact of meridian balance method electro-acupuncture treatment on chronic pelvic pain in women: a three-armed randomised controlled feasibility study using a mixed-methods approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ooi Thye Chong ◽  
Hilary OD Critchley ◽  
Linda J Williams ◽  
Erna Haraldsdottir ◽  
Andrew W Horne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Future Trial ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is estimated to affect 6%–27% of women worldwide. In the United Kingdom, over 1 million women suffer from CPP and it has been highlighted as a key area of unmet need. Standard treatments are associated with unacceptable side effects. The meridian balance method electro-acupuncture (BMEA), and traditional Chinese medicine health consultation (TCM HC) (BMEA + TCM HC = BMEA treatment) may be an effective adjunct to standard treatment. Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of a future trial, to determine the effectiveness of the BMEA treatment for CPP in women. The primary objectives were to determine recruitment and retention rates. The secondary objectives were to assess the effectiveness of the BMEA treatment and acceptability of the study’s methodology. Methods: Women with CPP were randomised into BMEA treatment (group 1), TCM HC alone (group 2) (each intervention administered twice weekly for 4 weeks) or National Health Service standard care (NHS SC, group 3). Primary outcomes were assessed by the proportion of eligible participants randomised, and the proportion of randomised participants who returned follow-up questionnaires. Interventions were assessed by validated pain/physical/emotional functioning questionnaires at baseline (0), 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Focus groups and semi-structured telephone interviews were embedded in the study. Results: A total of 30 women (51% of those referred) were randomised over 8 months. Retention rates were 80% (95% confidence interval (CI): 74–96), 53% (95% CI: 36–70) and 87% (95% CI: 63–90), in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Qualitative data suggested a favourable trial experience in groups 1 and 3. Discussion: Group 2 retention rate was problematic and has implications for our next trial. Conclusion: Our study suggests that a future trial to determine the effectiveness of BMEA treatment for women with CPP is feasible but with modifications to the study design.

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