Linguistic inequality and its effects on participation in scientific discourse and on global knowledge accumulation – With a closer look at the problems of the second-rank language communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Ammon,
Keyword(s):  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Accumulation ◽  
Linguistic Support ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
Refusal To Participate

AbstractThis paper will show, on the basis of valid and reasonably representative data, that even in applied linguistics (where it might be expected least of all) the predominance of a single language, English, in international scientific communication excludes contributions from various non-Anglophone quarters and, consequently, contributes to skewed scientific development, especially neglecting Japanese and Chinese, but also French, German, Italian and Russian approaches (because of serious linguistic barriers and refusal to participate in linguistically “unfair” scientific communication, respectively). The paper will also submit proposals on how the situation could be improved and problems be mitigated such as, among others, regular linguistic support offered by publishers and conference organizers.

scholarly journals Hidden features in global knowledge production: (re)positioning theory and practice in academic writing

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Windle
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Positioning Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Academic Literacies ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Theory ◽  
Global North

ABSTRACT A key challenge for applied linguistics is how to deal with the historical power imbalance in knowledge production between the global north and south. A central objective of critical applied linguistics has been to provide new epistemological foundations that address this problem, through the lenses of post-colonial theory, for example. This article shows how the structure of academic writing, even within critical traditions, can reinforce unequal transnational relations of knowledge. Analysis of Brazilian theses and publications that draw on the multiliteracies framework identifies a series of discursive moves that constitute “hidden features” (STREET, 2009), positioning “northern” theory as universal and “southern” empirical applications as locally bounded. The article offers a set of questions for critical reflection during the writing process, contributing to the literature on academic literacies.

scholarly journals The Place of Academic English in Scientific Discourse

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1 (3)) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Ofelya Poghosyan
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Academic English

The article attempts to define scientific discourse and clarify which variant of English can serve as a means of international scientific communication.

Dwight Atkinson, Scientific discourse in sociohistorical context: The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1675–1975. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1999. Pp. xxxi, 208.

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-432
Author(s):  
Greg Myers
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sociohistorical Context

The language of science has been extensively studied by linguists and rhetoricians – as a distinctive register, as a set of genres that students and academics need to master, and as a discourse of powerful social institutions. Most of these studies have been synchronic, focusing on the structures or styles of more or less contemporary texts, particularly research articles. But if we rely on such studies, we may tend to reify some features of text (such as the Introduction–Methods–Results–Discussion form, or the tendency to passive constructions and nominalizations) as inevitable features of scientific communication. We may also treat scientific institutions – such as the lines between disciplines, or between professionals and amateurs – as given by the subject matter, rather than seeing them as changing and as constituted in part by their communicative practices.

scholarly journals Perfil dos autores brasileiros com publicações científicas em periódicos de acesso aberto

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
: Patrícia Mascarenhas Dias ◽  
Thiago Magela Rodrigues Dias ◽  
Gray Farias Moita
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Data Source

In the current state of scientific development, identifying how the results of scientific and technological investigations are being published allows us to understand how scientific communication has been used to disseminate the studies carried out and the results achieved. In this scenario, the publication of articles in open access journals appears as an important and interesting mechanism for the dissemination of scientific research, since it facilitates and enables access to them, considering that there are no barriers, especially financial ones, to access the contents of this type of publication. Thus, this work aims to present a characterization of the group of Brazilian researchers who have published articles in open access journals. To this end, the Lattes Platform curricula is used as a data source to initially identify researchers with publications of articles in open access journals and, subsequently, draw a portrait of the profile of these researchers, such as areas of expertise, levels of training and geographic distribution.

scholarly journals A World Map of Knowledge in the Making: Wikipedia's Inter-Language Linkage as a Dependency Explorer of Global Knowledge Accumulation

Leonardo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Petzold ◽  
HT Liao ◽  
J Hartley ◽  
J Potts
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Accumulation ◽  
Insight Into

Analysis of Wikipedia's inter-language links provides insight into a new mechanism of knowledge sharing and linking worldwide.

scholarly journals Science towards cultural memory – (about) alchemy discourse(s)

Stylistyka ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 361-372
Author(s):  
Artur Rejter
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Development History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Universe ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Dynamics Of Science

The article concerns dynamic aspects of scientific discourse understood as a domain of communication subject to cultural influences. The problem, inspired by Michel Foucault’s concept of archaeology of scientific reason, is presented through the ex- ample of alchemy, a specific phenomenon co-creating a scientific discourse both in the past and in the present. The relation of science with its discursive aspect (in various ways) with the past, and thus also with memory is undeniable, no matter how you consider the issue. This relation also affects the perception of science as such and scientific discourses, which is still an interesting field of observation. The discourse(s) on alchemy and its very status in the universe of communication confirm the dynamics of science and the discourses belonging to or co-constituting it, but in no way do they confirm the thesis of the teleological (in the sense of improving development) history of communication, including scientific communication.

scholarly journals Categoricalness in Scientific Discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 535-543
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Panchenko ◽  
Yana A. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
High Level

The article views categoricalness as a communicative category functioning in the scientific discourse and adversely affecting the process of scientific communication. The results of the discourse and contextual analysis of categoricalness revealed its correlation with the communicative categories of politeness, authoritativeness, confidence, subjectivity, and emotionality. The analysis of the texts of scientific reviews, oral discussions, and disputes allowed the authors to conclude that Russian scientific communication is characterized by a high level of categoricalness, which suggests potential conflictogenity in such type of interaction. The article discusses ways of neutralizing categoricalness through the use of several mitigation tools, including lexico-stylistic and syntactical ones, intended to eliminate the destructive component from scientific communication

scholarly journals Using Nominalization in Scientific Texts; A Practical Review of the Related Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. p10
Author(s):  
Elaheh Navak Dezfuli
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
History Texts

Many scholars have focused on using the nominalization over the scientific discourse. On the other hand many scholars have focused on the historic origins of nominalization in scientific discourse (Banks, 2005); realizing the grammatical metaphor in modern prose fiction (Farahani & Hadidi, 2008). Furthermore, Susinskiene (2009) examined the influence of verb-based nominalization to cohesion over the history texts. Baratta (2010) examined moreover using the nominalization in the writing performance of six undergraduate students. Finally, Wenyan (2012), examined the role of nominalization in the English Medical Papers (EMP) created by native English speakers and Chinese writers. These investigations have focused the vital role of using the nominalization in the skillful arrangement of academic discourse. Nevertheless, the realization between discipline specificity and nominalization is not focused a lot. In the current paper, the researcher tried to review the nominalization use and related studies which have been conducted in this regard. Hopefully, results of the current investigation is useful for a number of people who can benefit the results namely students of applied linguistics who want to understand the related studies about nominalization, researchers who want to conduct their studies of nominalization and interested people to applied linguistics.

A clash of competing metaphors

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-887
Author(s):  
Michael Bradie
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Vexed Question

Metaphors have three important functions in scientific discourse: heuristic, rhetorical, and epistemic. I argue that, contrary to prevailing opinion, metaphors are indispensable components of scientific methodology as well as scientific communication. Insofar as the choice of metaphors reflects ideological commitments, all science is ideological. The philosophically vexed question is how to characterize the sense in which science is not merely ideological.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF ACADEMIC DISCOURSE IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN LINGUISTICS

Globus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1(58)) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Elena Vyacheslavovna Vakhterova
Keyword(s):  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
English For Academic Purposes ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In this article, the author examines the theoretical foundations of the study of the academic discourse of Russian and foreign authors. The definition of «scientific discourse / text / style» used in Russian linguistic and philological disciplines goes back to the paradigm of functional stylistics. The definition of «academic» in relation to «communication / discourse / text», emerging from the English-speaking tradition, grows out of the methodological direction of applied linguistics «English for Academic Purposes». Having considered these concepts, the author comes to the conclusion that the nomination «academic discourse» is used by analogy with Russian «scientific discourse» and English «academic discourse» to denote the entire set of communicative phenomena within the framework of the interaction of subjects of scientific and pedagogical spheres of activity.

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