Krankheit als Funktionsgestörtheit

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Pawelzik
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Alternative Conception ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Medical Disease ◽  
Physiological Processes

AbstractContrary to the bio-medical sciences most philosophers of medicine regard disease as an evaluative concept. C. Boorse’s well- known naturalist attempt to conceptualize disease exclusively on the basis of physiological fact seems highly plausible at first sight, since on this Supposition it is possible to make use of the impressive explanatory knowledge of modern medicine. But critical examination of his meta- physiological notion of “disease” as subnormal functioning shows that it does not conform to licensed medical disease-judgements. Furthermore his doctrine seems unjustified since it’s empirical implementability is highly questionable. This suggests that medicine is a naturalist enterprise that is guided by evaluation. An alternative conception of disease is advanced that tries to make the ‘nexus’ of physiological fact and evaluation intelligible: Disease is (extensionally) the class of physiological processes that (actually or prospectively) undermine the physiological conditions of human well-being.

scholarly journals New Frontiers in Caregiving Research: Biopsychosocial Perspectives and Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 615-615
Author(s):  
Jyoti Savla ◽  
Karen Roberto ◽  
Mamta Sapra
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychoeducational Intervention ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Daily Diary Study ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
And Coping ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Although families embrace the opportunity to care for a loved one, caregiving is stressful and takes a toll on the caregiver’s health and well-being. Earlier studies of stress and coping among family caregivers focused on psychological outcomes and emotional well-being. In the last decade, stress researchers have broadened their focus to include biomarkers and health outcomes. Data from two studies of caregivers of persons with memory loss will be used to discuss two new frontiers of caregiving research. First, a daily-diary study will be used to identify the mechanism by which stress disrupts the physiological processes and proliferates into serious psychopathology and pre-clinical and clinical health conditions. Second, a mindfulness-based psychoeducational intervention study will be utilized to identify malleable factors that can be harnessed to lower stress and improve the well-being of family caregivers. Next steps for caregiving research in the context of demographic and technological trends will be discussed.

scholarly journals Correlation between quality of life and adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahin Naderifar ◽  
Mansoureh Zagheri Tafreshi ◽  
Mahnaz Ilkhani ◽  
Magid Reza Akbarizadeh ◽  
Fereshteh Ghaljaei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Institutionalizing adherence to treatment in hemodialysis patients is one of the important nursing goals for improving quality of life in these patients. Adherence to treatment approach in these patients can play a pivotal role in improving the health level and feeling of well-being. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the quality of life in hemodialysis patients presenting to hemodialysis centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, on the basis of adherence to treatment. Patients and Methods: This is a correlational descriptive-analytic study. The study population consisted of hemodialysis patients in five hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, in 2017. The data were collected during 8 months from October 2016 to May 2017 in Tehran. A sample volume of 200 patients was determined in this study. Demographic information questionnaire, KDQOL-SF, and ESRD-AQ were applied in data collection. Availability sampling method was used to select the samples on the basis of inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 18 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Our findings showed that 50% of the patients were male. Most of the respondents of the study (23%) were 51-60 years old. The results indicated that the mean score of quality of life of patients was 50.42±22.81. The mean total score of adherence to treatment was 901.13±85.30. Also, the correlation coefficient in this study revealed a significant correlation between total score of quality of life and adherence to treatment (r=0.218, P<0.01). Conclusion: Considering the significant correlation between adherence to treatment and life quality of patients, healthcare providers can promote the life quality of these patients via focusing on planning programs for emphasizing the role of education and interventions that improve adherence to treatment in these patients.

scholarly journals Eye-tunes: role of music in ophthalmology and vision sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 251584142110408
Author(s):  
Shruti Muralidharan ◽  
Parul Ichhpujani ◽  
Shibal Bhartiya ◽  
Rohan Bir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Holistic Healing ◽  
Operation Theatre ◽  
Healing Effect ◽  
Theatre Staff

Although the healing effect of music has been recognized since time immemorial, there has been a renewed interest in its use in modern medicine. This can be attributed to the increasing focus on holistic healing and on the subjective and objective aspects of well-being. In ophthalmology, this has ranged from using music for patients undergoing diagnostic procedures and surgery, as well as for doctors and the operation theatre staff during surgical procedures. Music has proven to be a potent nonpharmacological sedative and anxiolytic, allaying both the pain and stress of surgery. This review aims to explore the available evidence about the role of music as an adjunct for diagnostic and surgical procedures in current ophthalmic practices.

Health Equity, Aboriginal Peoples and Occupational Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. G. Jull ◽  
Audrey R. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Foundational Belief

Background. In Canada, Aboriginal peoples are affected by colonial relations of power that result in poor health outcomes. Despite occupational therapists' efforts to work in a safe and competent manner with people experiencing challenges to participating in daily life, Western healthcare models reflect values that often undermine Aboriginal peoples' health and well-being. Purpose. Meaningful, effective, and culturally appropriate healthcare practices cannot be fully implemented by occupational therapists without an ongoing and critical examination of occupational therapy's foundational belief systems. Only a critical examination of these foundational belief systems will enable occupational therapists to take action towards addressing these inequities, which is an important step in moving towards culturally safe care. Key Issues. Canadian health professions, including occupational therapy, have the potential to create positive change at a systems level through the critical exploration of underlying professional assumptions. Implications. To advance dialogue about Aboriginal peoples' health, occupational therapists must engage in exploration of their profession's underlying theoretical concepts or risk participating in the perpetuation of health inequities for already at-risk populations.

Gravidanotherapy

1934 ◽  
Vol 30 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1078-1090
Author(s):  
M. E. Vinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Subjective Improvement ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

As any new method of treatment, gravidanotherapy is met with varying opinions. Some expect "miracles" from this method of treatment, believing that gravidanotherapy has found a new all-encompassing, excluding all other methods of treatment. On the other hand, there is an undeniable tendency to downplay or even completely deny the importance of gravidanotherapy. Finally, some authors consider gravidanotherapy as a method giving only subjective improvement of patients' well-being, the success of which is based on mass psychotherapy. Meanwhile, there is no doubt that gravidan, given its composition, should have a significant effect on the human body. It is only necessary that clinical observations and experimental verification give an unbiased assessment of the action of the drug and determine the place of gravidanotherapy in the arsenal of means of modern medicine.

Mental Health Status in Semnan University of Medical Sciences Employees

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Saberian ◽  
S. Hajiaghajani ◽  
R. Ghorbani ◽  
B. Behnam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Setting ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Background:The mission of every University is to educate professionals to improve the quality of well being of body and mind of the society's members. To approach this important issue, Universities needs healthy employee to enable them to educate healthy qualified and well trained. This study was aimed to evaluate the status of mental health of Semnan University of medical sciences employees.Material and methods:This is a descriptive- analytical performed in a cross- sectional study. Samples were 414 employee. data were collected trough a self - reporting questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data were analyzed by spss and also mean, standard deviation, absolute & relative frequency were detected. Chi-square, Pearson & Spearman correlation coefficient at the level of 5% and logistic regression analysis was used for analysis.Findings:Total of 28.6% suffers from mental disorder. The most were working in treatment setting (41%). People aged 40-49 were 29.3 %, women were 37.4%, University undergraduate 40.7%, not married single 60%, 20 or more year work experienced 35.2%, had the most prominent mental disorder. Interpretation logistic regression showed that index of gender, level of education, and occupation has significant influence over mental disorder.Conclusion:The degree of mental disorder is 2.5 more than the statistics reported by WHO, but is similar with those reported in Iran. More investigation needs to better understanding the higher prevalence of mental disorder among women, university undergraduate, government employee and those working in treatment setting. The result of these studies can lead to find solution to resolve this problem.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship and Nursing: integrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Maria Barreto Colichi ◽  
Stella Godoy Silva e Lima ◽  
Andrea Bueno Benito Bonini ◽  
Silvana Andrea Molina Lima
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Caribbean Literature ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Nursing Support ◽  
Information Center ◽  
National Information ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the knowledge produced on business entrepreneurship in Nursing. Method: Integrative literature review in the following databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF), Index Psychology and National Information Center of Medical Sciences of Cuba (CUMED). We included available studies in their totality in the period from 2007 to 2017. Results: 22 articles were included. The categories that emerged from the study are the following: Concepts of entrepreneurship in nursing, Profile of the entrepreneur nurse, Business Diversity, Business Management, Barriers to business entrepreneurship in nursing, Support to entrepreneurial nurses and Entrepreneurship in Nursing Undergraduate. Conclusion: There is a need to prepare nurses with adequate skills to increase the capacity to integrate into the labor market and to improve their own well-being and that of society.

scholarly journals Correlation of Spiritual Well-being Psychological Capital among University Students-Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Reza Pourmirza Kalhori ◽  
Hakimeh Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Azadeh Foroughinia ◽  
Neda Kianipour
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Spiritual Well Being

Psychological capital is one of the new concepts raised in positivism in psychology, which can play a major role in increasing one’s ability in different aspects of life, especially in spiritual well-being. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the components of spiritual well-being and psychological capital of students at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2017. In this descriptive-correlational study, the statistical population consisted of 400 students at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, who were selected through cluster sampling. To collect the required data, a demographic questionnaire, the spiritual well-being scale (SWB) by Paloutzian & Ellison and the  Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) by Luthans were used. In addition, the data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics Software Version 23.0. The results of the present study revealed that the mean scores of students' spiritual well-being and psychological capital measured 3.60 ± 0.49 and 3.55 ± 0.44, respectively. Further, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that the students' spiritual well-being and psychological capital positively and significantly correlated (r=0.42). According to the findings of the present study, the students’ spiritual well-being affects their psychological capital. So, it can be concluded that religious orientation and spirituality can promote the psychological capital of individuals, and this approach can be used to provide services relating to mental well-being. 

The Impact of Mental Factor as an Indicator of the Population State of Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S89-S90
Author(s):  
A. Vasileva ◽  
N. Neznanov
Keyword(s):  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
The Impact

In the framework of biopsychosocial model of health and pathology that is nowadays widely recognized in the different fields of modern medicine the mind, building the core of personality and the brain as the central regulatory organ play an essential role in the interdisciplinary approach to somatic illnesses. It is a common knowledge that comorbid anxiety and depression disorders can influence the course of various somatic illnesses and worsen their prognosis. We also have evidence-based studies that depression for example is an independent risk factor of heart infarct onset. On the other hand, we observe the somatization of clinical picture of mental disorders, the increase of atypical forms manifesting through pain or other somatic syndromes that leads to the increase of mental illnesses in the primary care. The research of common pathways of mental and somatic pathology should be the subject of further interdisciplinary research programs. The other issue is the patient's compliance that plays in important role in the success of every kind of treatment. Personality traits and status of mental health can influence ones attitude to illness as well as motivation to therapy. We cannot assess the population state of health without taking into consideration the evaluation of mental status as well as such definitions like subjective well being, life quality and stigmatization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Food First: Nutrition as the Foundation for Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sandquist
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Whole Systems ◽  
Health And Well Being

The principles of integrative nursing advocate that food be considered as a primary intervention for health promotion, risk reduction, and generally improved well-being. Food provides information to the body, signaling basic biological functions and normalizing physiological processes. Health care professionals should query patients about their nutritional intake, recognizing that adjustments in the types of foods consumed can often address long-standing symptoms that create distress, including pain, fatigue, anxiety, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. A Food First approach to care offers a novel approach that champions whole person/whole systems emergent health and well-being.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document