A faunistic study on Carabidae and Scarabaeidae in alfalfa fields from Central Greece

Biologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos G. Badieritakis ◽  
Argyro A. Fantinou ◽  
Nikolaos G. Emmanouel
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Density Peak ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Activity Density ◽  
Surface Active

AbstractThis paper presents a study of the composition of Carabidae and Scarabaeidae among other surface-active Coleoptera along with their seasonal fluctuation, species richness and relative abundance in three alfalfa hay fields from Kopais Valley (Greece) over a period of systematic samplings (June 2008 to May 2010). Field A was cut monthly (about 4 times per year) and field B bimonthly (3 times), although no field was sprayed. Field C was cut monthly and sprayed with the insecticide bifenthrin three times during the growing season. In total, 48 species of soil Coleoptera belonging to 11 families (particularly Carabidae and Scarabaeidae) were recorded. The family Carabidae was dominated by autumn breeders, with a spring and autumn activity-density peak. Agricultural management did not cause differences in the estimated number of species.

scholarly journals Wildlife-Friendly Livestock Management Promotes Mammalian Biodiversity Recovery on a Semi-Arid Karoo Farm in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. E. Schurch ◽  
Jeannine McManus ◽  
Stefan Goets ◽  
Lain E. Pardo ◽  
David Gaynor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Livestock Farm ◽  
Number Of Species

Agriculture is an essential production system used to feed the growing human population, but at the same time has become a major driver of biodiversity loss and environmental degradation. Employing production methods that restore degraded landscapes can have a positive impact on biodiversity, whilst improving food production. We assessed how mammalian biodiversity, specifically richness and their relative abundances varied on five Karoo farms in South Africa that had been amalgamated and subjected to a transition from traditional livestock grazing techniques (sporadic rotational grazing and lethal predator control) to wildlife-friendly non-lethal predator management, using human shepherding of livestock under a high-density short-duration grazing regime. We used camera trap data collected over a 4-year period, to measure mammalian species richness, distribution and relative abundance on the wildlife-friendly farm to investigate temporal changes throughout the conversion from traditional farming practices. In the last year of the study (2019) additional cameras were used to provide a spatial comparison of mammalian species on the wildlife-friendly farm to two neighboring farms, a traditional livestock farm using lethal predator controls, and a game farm. We found that mammalian species richness increased year on year resulting in a significant increase of 24% over the duration of the study. Herbivores showed an increase of 33% in the number of species detected over the years, while predator species increased by 8%. The relative abundance and distribution of most species also showed increases as the conversion process took place. For example, 73% of the herbivore species detected throughout the study increased in their relative abundance. Similarly, 67% of all species showed an increase in the number of sites occupied over the years. In the final year of the study the wildlife-friendly farm had more mammalian species compared to the game farm and traditional livestock farm, with the latter two sites having a similar number of species when compared to the commencement of the conversion of the wildlife-friendly site. These broad improvements in mammalian biodiversity demonstrate that livestock production can benefit local mammalian biodiversity through a combination of herder grazing management and wildlife-friendly farming.

scholarly journals Odonate abundance and diversity in four selective spots of Chittagong University campus

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
M Nasiruddin ◽  
A Barua
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

The abundance and diversity of odonate fauna were studied in four selective spots of Chittagong University Campus, Chittagong, Bangladesh from August’2016 to July’2017. A total of 928 individuals of odonates under three families was collected during the study period from the four sampling sites. Out of 25 species identified one belonged to the family Gomphidae, 13 belonged to family Libellulidae and 11 belonged to family Coenagriidae. The abundance of odonate species was highest in July’17 (13.04%) and was lowest in December’16 (4.96%). Spot 2 was a hotspot for odonates as highest number (370) was collected from this spot. A total of 196, 188 and 174 individuals were collected from Spot 4, Spot 3 and Spot 1, respectively. The members of Libellulidae (472) were dominant followed by Coenagriidae (406) and lastly Gomphidae (50). Highest species richness (SR), species diversity (H′) and species evenness (J′) values were observed in the months of May’17 (1.56±0.08), May’17 (1.29±0.08) and December’16 (0.96±0.03), respectively. But lowest such values were observed in December’16 (0.96±0.05), November’16 (0.90±0.02) and May’17 (0.81±0.05), respectively. Amongst the spots, highest SR, H′ and J′, values were observed in Spot 4 (1.40±0.10), Spot 2 (1.22±0.05) and Spot 1 (0.93±0.02), respectively, whereas, lowest such values were observed in Spot 1 (1.02±0.08), Spot 1 (1.01±0.04) and Spot 4 (0.82±0.02), respectively. Ecological conditions and seasonal fluctuation had great impact on the abundance and diversity of odonates.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 55-62

scholarly journals Species richness, relative abundance, and habitat of reproduction of terrestrial frogs in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Cerrado biome, southeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariovaldo A. Giaretta ◽  
Marcelo Menin ◽  
Kátia G. Facure ◽  
Marcelo N. de C. Kokubum ◽  
Júlio C. de Oliveira Filho
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Number Of Species

Based on field observations and pitfall sampling, we determined the species richness, relative abundance, and reproductive habitat of terrestrial frogs in three municipalities in the Triângulo Mineiro region, south Cerrado biome, in southeastern Brazil. We found thirty-two species of terrestrial frogs, belonging to the families Brachycephalidae, Bufonidae, Cycloramphidae, Dendrobatidae, Leiuperidae, Leptodactylidae and Microhylidae. Most of the species were found in open areas and reproduced in human-generated environments, such as artificial lakes (10 species) and ponds (14 species). Dominance was high, with Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Leiuperidae) representing 48% of sampled frogs. A larger number of individuals was captured in the wet season, when most of the species were reproducing. Compared to other areas of Cerrado biome, the Triângulo Mineiro sites presented a larger number of species, which may be attributed to the larger sampled area and greater sampling effort, lower altitude and presence of human generated habitats. The richness of terrestrial frogs was also larger than that in some forested localities in southeastern Brazil, indicating that the number of species cannot be explained only by precipitation and type of vegetation cover. The greater abundance of individuals during the wet season may be related to a greater movement of adults to breeding sites and to juvenile recruitment/dispersion. The heterogeneity of environments in the Cerrado biome, including its several isolated highlands, contributes to its high (local and regional) diversity of frogs.

scholarly journals New records of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from three locations of Oaxaca, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (S5) ◽  
pp. S157-S168
Author(s):  
Yessica Chávez-López ◽  
Christopher Cruz-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
New Records ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
Accumulation Function ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Introduction: The knowledge of polychaetes from Oaxaca, Mexico, is represented by 41 families and 241 species, nevertheless, 148 species are considered questionable. The majority of taxonomic studies of polychaetes in Oaxaca have taken placed on estuarine zones or commercial ports, sidelining other marine ecosystems. Objective: To identify the polychaeta-fauna from three different marine ecosystems in Oaxaca, Mexico. Methods: Specimens analyzed came from the Sección de poliquetos de la Colección Científica at the Laboratorio de Sistemática de Invertebrados Marinos, Universidad del Mar. The material deposited in the collection was collected between 2007-2017; additionally, new collect were realized in 2017. For each locality, the family and species richness were estimated using the accumulation function of linear dependence model. Results: One hundred lots and 273 specimens were revised. Seventy-one taxa, belonging to 47 genera and 21 families were identified, only twenty of these taxa are confirmed species (28 %). Chacahua Lagoon had the highest richness and relative abundance with 37 taxa and 149 specimens, Agua Blanca was identified 21 taxa and 92 specimens, and from San Agustín 19 taxa and 32 specimens. Sabellariidae had the highest relative abundance (58 specimens), while Phyllodocidae presented the highest species richness (12 species). Conclusions: This study adds 75 new records of taxa of polychaetes to the coast Oaxaca, which increase the knowledge in this animal group, now represented by 304 species, belonging to 154 genera and 42 families.

scholarly journals Tree Species Diversity in Secondary Forest of Visayas State University Forest Reservation, Philippines

2007 ◽  
Vol 07 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Anatolio Polinar ◽  
◽  
Uwe Muuss ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
State University ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family

The study was conducted to determine species diversity and similarity within a two-hectare secondary forest of the Visayas State University forest reservation. The diversity value of trees ranged from 3.09 - 4.53. Results of the study indicate that the middle layer of both blocks was observed as the most luxuriant among all layers. A total of 173 species in 113 genera and 51 families; and 92 species, in 69 genera and 37 families were recorded in the middle layer of Block 1 and Block 2, respectively. The genus Ficus of the family Moraceae was identified as the most highly represented in terms of species in both blocks. Moreover, results of the study show that species richness increased within an increasing area but with a decreasing number of species. As to species similarities, it was discovered that 28% of the identified specieds are common to both blocks.

scholarly journals The first report on oribatid mites in tundra belts of the Lovozersky Mountains on the Kola Peninsula, Russia

Acarologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-316
Author(s):  
Vladislav D. Leonov ◽  
Anna A. Rakhleeva
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
Shrub Tundra

The fauna of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) in the mountain tundra on the Kola Peninsula (Russia) is still poorly studied. The main aim of this research is to obtain initial data on the fauna and abundance of oribatid mites of the Lovozersky Mountains. We investigated five plots, including three lichen tundra plots, one dwarf shrub tundra plot and one wetted tundra plot in one of the largest mountain massifs of the Kola Peninsula — the Lovozersky Mountains. Multidimensional scaling and discriminant function analysis were used to identify some trends in the fauna and abundance of species on the explored plots. The abundance of oribatid mites in the lichen tundra reached 23,680 ind./m2. In the dwarf shrub tundra, this value is over three times higher — up to 81,160 ind./m2, which is comparable with the oribatid mite abundance of forest habitats. The minimum values were discovered in wetted tundra (6,200 ind./m2). A total of 71 species, 38 genera, and 24 families of oribatid mites were found during the course of this study. Eight species of Oribatida have been added to the fauna of the Kola Peninsula. A significant difference was observed in the structure of oribatid faunas of the explored habitats. The occurrence in samples and relative abundance of Mycobates sarekensis, Oribatula amblyptera, Tectocepheus velatus and Carabodes labyrinthicus increased in lichen tundra compared to dwarf shrub tundra. Species of Suctobelbidae and Oppiidae were higher in occurrence and relative abundance in dwarf shrub tundra compared to lichen tundra. The occurrence and relative abundance of Trimalaconothrus angulatus, T. maior and Platynothrus peltifer prevailed in wetted tundra as compared to automorphic tundra habitats. The family Suctobelbidae was represented by a large number of species, while the family Ceratozetidae showed a small number of species in the discovered fauna. According to the literature, these features of the fauna are unusual for tundra. A low diversity of Ceratozetidae, a high diversity of Suctobelbidae and high abundance of oribatid mites in dwarf shrub tundra may be explained by the ambivalent nature of the oribatid community in the explored region, which combines boreal and arctic features due to marine climate.

The first 2 million years after the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in east Texas: rate and paleoecology of the molluscan recovery

Paleobiology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thor A. Hansen ◽  
Benjamin R. Farrell ◽  
Banks Upshaw
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Suspension Feeding ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
Depletion Curve ◽  
Study Interval

Analysis of molluscan collections from a 3+ m.y. interval around the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) interval in east Texas suggests that molluscs suffered an extinction at or near the K–T boundary, followed by a prolonged period of stress which lasted through the P0 and P1a planktic foraminiferal zones. The stressed period was characterized by low species richness, low abundances of individuals, high species turnover and a dominance of deposit feeders. Species richness and the relative abundance of deposit feeders generally track the 13C depletion curve suggesting that the stress was caused by a lack of primary production. A stable, relatively diverse, suspension feeding molluscan community was reestablished less than two million years after the K–T boundary. The total number of species within the habitat did not recover to Cretaceous levels within the study interval.

Bees of Santa Catarina Island, Brazil—a first survey and checklist (Insecta: Apoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1220 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEFINA STEINER ◽  
BIRGIT HARTER-MARQUES ◽  
ANNE ZILLIKENS ◽  
EDUARDO P. FEJA
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family

On Santa Catarina Island bees were collected between 1999 and 2006 using various methods, including netting, trap nesting, and baiting. Vegetation types sampled comprised secondary forests, dunes, pastures, and parks. A checklist of 166 species of bees is presented. The family Apidae was represented by the highest number of species, followed by Megachilidae and Halictidae. Only a few species of Colletidae and Andrenidae were recorded. Species richness and occurrence of genera are compared to the results of other collections performed in the neighboring states of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals The community composition variation of Russulaceae associated with the Quercus mongolica forest during the growing season at Wudalianchi City, China

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8527
Author(s):  
Pengjie Xing ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Tingting Gao ◽  
Guanlin Li ◽  
Jijiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Monthly Rainfall ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Quercus Mongolica ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
Sequencing Method

Background Most species of the Russulaceae are ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, which are widely distributed in different types of forest ecology and drive important ecological and economic functions. Little is known about the composition variation of the Russulaceae fungal community aboveground and in the root and soil during the growing season (June–October) from a Quercus mongolica forest. In this study, we investigated the changes in the composition of the Russulaceae during the growing season of this type of forest in Wudalianchi City, China. Methods To achieve this, the Sanger sequencing method was used to identify the Russulaceae aboveground, and the high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the species composition of the Russulaceae in the root and soil. Moreover, we used the Pearson correlation analysis, the redundancy analysis and the multivariate linear regression analysis to analyze which factors significantly affected the composition and distribution of the Russulaceae fungal community. Results A total of 56 species of Russulaceae were detected in the Q. mongolica forest, which included 48 species of Russula, seven species of Lactarius, and one species of Lactifluus. Russula was the dominant group. During the growing season, the sporocarps of Russula appeared earlier than those of Lactarius. The number of species aboveground exhibited a decrease after the increase and were significantly affected by the average monthly air temperature (r = −0.822, p = 0.045), average monthly relative humidity (r = −0.826, p = 0.043), monthly rainfall (r = 0.850, p = 0.032), soil moisture (r = 0.841, p = 0.036) and soil organic matter (r = 0.911, p = 0.012). In the roots and soils under the Q. mongolica forest, the number of species did not show an apparent trend. The number of species from the roots was the largest in September and the lowest in August, while those from the soils were the largest in October and the lowest in June. Both were significantly affected by the average monthly air temperature (r2 = 0.6083, p = 0.040) and monthly rainfall (r2 = 0.6354, p = 0.039). Moreover, the relative abundance of Russula and Lactarius in the roots and soils showed a linear correlation with the relative abundance of the other fungal genera.

scholarly journals Butterfly diversity in the three selected areas in Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-428
Author(s):  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
Md Abul Kashem ◽  
Md Abdul Alim ◽  
Fatema Tuz Zohora
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Butterfly Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family

The diversity of butterfly species was studied from January to June 2015 in the three selected areas, viz. Ramna Park, Jagannath University Campus, and Baldha Garden in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A total 75 species of butterfly belonging to 42 genera under 8 families were recorded from the study areas during the study period. Of them, 52 species (6253 individuals) of 8 families were found in the Ramna Park, 37 species (1430 individuals) of 7 families in the Jagannath University Campus and 20 species (320 individuals) of 6 families in the Boldha Garden. In these three study areas, 17 species, 14 genera and 6 families were in common. At the Ramna Park, the highest species richness included the family Lycaenidae (21.15%, 11 spp.) followed by Papilionidae (17.31%, 9 spp.), Pieridae (17.31%, 9 spp.), Nymphalidae (17.31%, 9 spp.), Hesperiidae (13.46%, 7 spp.), Danaidae (7.69%, 4 spp.), Satyridae (3.85%, 2 spp.), and the lowest was in the family Acriidae (1.92%, 1 spp.). At the Jagannath University Campus the highest number of species were recorded in the family Lycaenidae (21.62%, 8 spp.) and Hesperiidae (21.62%, 8 spp.) followed by Pieridae (18.92%, 7 spp.), Papilionidae (13.51%, 5 spp.), Nymphalidae (10.81%, 4 spp.), Danaidae (10.81%, 4 spp.), and the lowest was in Satyridae (2.70%, 1 spp.). The topmost butterfly species were recorded in the family Pieridae (25%, 5 spp.) followed by Lycaenidae (20%, 4 spp.), Nymphalidae (20%, 4 spp.), Papilionidae (15%, 3 spp.), and the lowest from the family Hesperiidae (10%, 2 spp.) and Danaidae (10%, 2 spp.) at the Baldha Garden. The maximum butterfly species were found in February to June (51 spp.), February (34 spp.), and April (16 spp.), and the lowest were in January (46 spp.), June (21 spp.) and January (8 spp.), respectively for the Ramna Park, Jagannath University Campus and the Baldha Garden. The peak of the population observed in May (n =1285), March (n = 325), and May (n = 71), and the lowest was in January (n = 662), June (n = 145) and January (n = 21), respectively for the Ramna Park, Jagannath University Campus, and Baldha Garden. The Shanon’s Diversity Index (H) and Simpson’s Index (λ) indicated high butterfly diversity at the Ramna Park (H = 3.68, λ = 0.03), Jagannath University Campus (H = 3.20, λ = 0.06) and Baldha Garden (H = 2.50, λ = 0.13), respectively. The high Species Evenness in the Ramna Park (E = 0.93), Jaganath University Campus (E = 0.89) and the Baldha Garden (E = 0.84) indicated that the species were evenly distributed. The calculated Sorenson’s Coefficient (CC) was 0.47, which indicates that these three communities have quite a bit of overlap or similarity. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 413-428, 2020

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