A preliminary study for the assessment of hypertension using static and dynamic IR thermograms

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Jayanthi Thiruvengadam ◽  
Anburajan Mariamichael
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Average Skin ◽  
Diagnosis Of Hypertension

AbstractStructural changes in blood vessels occur due to prolonged hypertension. Early detection of blood pressure (mm Hg) is essential for disease prevention. The aim of this work is to propose a computer-aided diagnostic (CADx) model for the diagnosis of hypertension using variables derived from non-contact static and dynamic thermal imaging in comparison with the pulse wave velocity (PWV)-derived parameters. Static and dynamic infrared (IR) thermograms of selected skin areas of the body from known hypertensive (n=14) and age- and sex-matched normal subjects were captured. The average skin surface temperature [SST (°C)] of selected skin areas of the body was calculated from a static IR thermogram. After denoising the dynamic IR thermogram using wavelets, the statistical variables power, mean, standard deviation (SD), variance, skewness and kurtosis were calculated. The variables derived from both static and dynamic thermograms were used to develop the CADx model. The performance of the CAD model was also tested by feature selection using principal component analysis (PCA). An accuracy of 75% (sensitivity=78.6%, specificity=71.4%) could be achieved with the average SST (°C) of the static IR thermogram alone. The statistical variables derived from the dynamic IR thermogram alone gave an accuracy of 82% (and 85% after feature selection by PCA), whereas the accuracy using standard methods like variables derived from PWV was only 71.4% (with and without feature selection). The highest accuracy of 89% could be achieved by combining variables like average SST (°C) measured from static and dynamic IR thermograms and PWV-derived variables.

Thermal Imaging in Evaluation of the Physical Fitness Level

2017 ◽  
pp. 141-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Kasprzyk ◽  
Agata Stanek ◽  
Karolina Sieroń-Stołtny ◽  
Armand Cholewka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Core Temperature ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Surface Temperature Distribution ◽  
Body Core ◽  
Cycle Training ◽  
Basic Level

The thermoregulation mechanisms during the physical effort can be easily study by using the thermovision. The thermoregulation mechanisms in human body keep the body core temperature on basic level 37 ± 2oC. However, the question is if there are any differences in skin surface temperature distribution between trainee sportsmen and amateur. Is there any possibility to show the sportsman level of practise using the thermal imaging? Would it be possible to evaluate the efficiency of athlete or evaluate the level of sports possibilities in average amateur who just wants to start cycle training. To find how the thermoregulation mechanisms work the different measurements were done i.e. during the cyclist endurance test for group of male cyclist (intermediate level of cycling skill) and during the Aerobic Circuit Training (ACT) for trainee and amateur group of women.

Thermal Imaging in Evaluation of the Physical Fitness Level

2021 ◽  
pp. 772-794
Author(s):  
Teresa Kasprzyk ◽  
Agata Stanek ◽  
Karolina Sieroń-Stołtny ◽  
Armand Cholewka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Core Temperature ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Surface Temperature Distribution ◽  
Body Core ◽  
Cycle Training ◽  
Basic Level

The thermoregulation mechanisms during the physical effort can be easily study by using the thermovision. The thermoregulation mechanisms in human body keep the body core temperature on basic level 37 ± 2 oC. However, the question is if there are any differences in skin surface temperature distribution between trainee sportsmen and amateur. Is there any possibility to show the sportsman level of practise using the thermal imaging? Would it be possible to evaluate the efficiency of athlete or evaluate the level of sports possibilities in average amateur who just wants to start cycle training. To find how the thermoregulation mechanisms work the different measurements were done i.e. during the cyclist endurance test for group of male cyclist (intermediate level of cycling skill) and during the Aerobic Circuit Training (ACT) for trainee and amateur group of women.

scholarly journals Emperor penguin body surfaces cool below air temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 20121192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. McCafferty ◽  
C. Gilbert ◽  
A.-M. Thierry ◽  
J. Currie ◽  
Y. Le Maho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emperor Penguin ◽  
Emperor Penguins ◽  
Heat Transfer Theory ◽  
Terre Adélie ◽  
Sky Conditions

Emperor penguins Aptenodytes forsteri are able to survive the harsh Antarctic climate because of specialized anatomical, physiological and behavioural adaptations for minimizing heat loss. Heat transfer theory predicts that metabolic heat loss in this species will mostly depend on radiative and convective cooling. To examine this, thermal imaging of emperor penguins was undertaken at the breeding colony of Pointe Géologie in Terre Adélie (66°40′ S 140° 01′ E), Antarctica in June 2008. During clear sky conditions, most outer surfaces of the body were colder than surrounding sub-zero air owing to radiative cooling. In these conditions, the feather surface will paradoxically gain heat by convection from surrounding air. However, owing to the low thermal conductivity of plumage any heat transfer to the skin surface will be negligible. Future thermal imaging studies are likely to yield further insights into the adaptations of this species to the Antarctic climate.

Optimization of Skin Cooling for Thermographic Imaging of Near-Surface Lesions

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze-Yuan Cheng ◽  
Cila Herman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Cooling Temperature ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Ir Imaging

With the dramatic advances in IR imaging technology, the IR imaging technique has the potential to become a promising non-contact in-vivo diagnostic tool for the early detection of melanoma [1] as well as other conditions in which the temperature of the body deviates from normal temperature. Active or dynamic IR (thermal) imaging, which involves introducing external cooling, can induce or enhance relevant thermal contrast observed on the skin surface, leading to temperature differences that can be accurately measured with a properly designed IR imaging system. When the skin surface is cooled down in active IR imaging, the variation in the thermal properties of the lesion located underneath the surface result in identifiable temperature differences from the surrounding healthy tissue in the recovery phase, and therefore the dynamic thermal response of the structure acquired using active imaging provides critical information to distinguish the diseased and healthy tissues. Regarding the effectiveness of the active IR imaging, in this study, the performance of varied cooling parameters, including cooling method, cooling temperature, cooling duration, and cooling depth are discussed. Toward the objective of minimizing the discomfort of patient, by evaluating the transient temperature difference in the recovery phase for varied cooling conditions, our goal is to find out the optimized cooling conditions, which can provide effective thermal response contrast in the recovery phase, while applying appropriate cooling temperature and duration to facilitate the clinical feasibility of this technique. The optimized cooling condition concluded from the simulation will be verified by the in-vivo dynamic thermal imaging experiments.

The Impact of Shariah Governance and Corporate Governance on the Risk Management Practices: Evidence from Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sabri Embi ◽  
Zurina Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Shariah Governance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Shariah governance and corporate governance (CG) on the risk management practices (RMPs) of local Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. The Shariah governance comprises the Shariah review (SR) and Shariah audit (SA) variables. The study also evaluates the level of RMPs, CG, SR, and SA between these two type of banks. With the aid of SPSS version 20, the items for RMPs, CG, SR, and SA were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the PCA, one component or factor was extracted each for the CG, SR, and RMPs while another two factors were extracted for the SA. Primary data was collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The questionnaire covers four aspects ; CG, SR, SA, and RMPs. The data received from the 300 usable questionnaires were subjected to correlation and regression analyses as well as an independent t-test. The result of correlation analysis shows that all the four variables have large positive correlations with each other indicating a strong and significant relationship between them. From the regression analysis undertaken, CG, SR, and SA together explained 52.3 percent of the RMPs and CG emerged as the most influential variable that impacts the RMPs. The independent t-test carried out shows that there were significant differences in the CG and SA between the local and foreign Islamic banks. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of the bank in relation to SR and RMPs. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge and is beneficial to academicians, industry players, regulators, and other stakeholders.

HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE INTESTINES OF POULTRY DURING FODDER INTOXICATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Dolgov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Abramov ◽  
E.V. Kuzminova ◽  
E.V. Rogaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Beet Pulp

The article presents the data on the study of the influence of mycotoxins combination (T-2 toxin at the concentration of 0.095 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 in the concentration of 0.019 mg/kg) on the body of quails and the results of pharmacocorrection of toxicosis with a complex consisting of beet pulp and lecithin. Structural changes in the intestines of quais at fodder mycotoxicosis are described. The use of antitoxic feed additives in poultry led to a weakening of the action of xenobiotics, which was confirmed by an increase in the safety of poultry and increase in body weight of quails, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of intoxication, as well as in positive changes in the structure of the intestine of the poultry during histological examination.

Cerebral Micro-Structural Changes in COVID-19 Patients: An MRI-Based Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Lu ◽  
Xuanxuan Li ◽  
Daoying Geng ◽  
Pu-Yeh Wu ◽  
Chu-Chung Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Preliminary Study

Influence of Ascorbic Acid on the Structure and Function of Alpha-2- macroglobulin: Investigations using Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Syed Saqib Ali ◽  
Mohammad Khalid Zia ◽  
Tooba Siddiqui ◽  
Haseeb Ahsan ◽  
Fahim Halim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
And Function

Background: Ascorbic acid is a classic dietary antioxidant which plays an important role in the body of human beings. It is commonly found in various foods as well as taken as dietary supplement. Objective: The plasma ascorbic acid concentration may range from low, as in chronic or acute oxidative stress to high if delivered intravenously during cancer treatment. Sheep alpha-2- macroglobulin (α2M), a human α2M homologue is a large tetrameric glycoprotein of 630 kDa with antiproteinase activity, found in sheep’s blood. Methods: In the present study, the interaction of ascorbic acid with alpha-2-macroglobulin was explored in the presence of visible light by utilizing various spectroscopic techniques and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Results: UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy suggests the formation of a complex between ascorbic acid and α2M apparent by increased absorbance and decreased fluorescence. Secondary structural changes in the α2M were investigated by CD and FT-IR spectroscopy. Our findings suggest the induction of subtle conformational changes in α2M induced by ascorbic acid. Thermodynamics signatures of ascorbic acid and α2M interaction indicate that the binding is an enthalpy-driven process. Conclusion: It is possible that ascorbic acid binds and compromises antiproteinase activity of α2M by inducing changes in the secondary structure of the protein.

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