The seaweed resources of Chile over the period 2006–2016: moving from gatherers to cultivators

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Camus ◽  
María del Carmen Hernández-González ◽  
Alejandro H. Buschmann
Keyword(s):  
Local Processing ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Southeastern Pacific ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Seaweed Industry ◽  
Chilean Government ◽  
Technical Studies

Abstract Chile, located in the southeastern Pacific, possess a high richness of seaweed species, some of which have been traditionally extracted from natural beds for the production of hydrocolloids (e.g. agar, carrageenan and alginates), but still a high proportion of the biomass is being exported as dried material to processors in Asia and Europe. During the period 2006–2016, this tendency has been maintained, but has also started to show signs of changing towards a more sustainable, localized seaweed industry as new actions by the Chilean government provided subsidies to seaweed farming activities and also to investments in local valorization of the resources. This “sea change” has been further supported by an increase in the number of localized scientific and technical studies related to Chilean seaweed resources which has prepared the foundation required in order to move to more advanced stages of local seaweed farming and development of local processing.

Seaweed resources of Tanzania: status, potential species, challenges and development potentials

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380
Author(s):  
Flower E. Msuya
Keyword(s):  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Good Quality Seed ◽  
Seaweed Industry

AbstractTanzania is endowed with a rich biodiversity of seaweed species that grow naturally in its oligotrophic waters of the Western Indian Ocean. Most of these species are unexploited. Only two red seaweeds Eucheuma and Kappaphycus have been studied for commercial farming and the industrial production is based on these species. Another genus of red seaweed, Gracilaria, has been studied and experimented upon for potential farming while others such as the green Ulva, the red Hypnea and the brown Sargassum have been mentioned as potential species for farming. Farming technology used to cultivate the two commercial species is the shallow water off-bottom technology which is badly affected by the increase in surface seawater temperatures (climate change), causing massive die-backs and decreased seaweed production. Some deeper-water farming technologies have been developed but only tubular nets show promise and have been piloted. A number of opportunities exist in seaweed farming, which can be used to advance the industry. The future of the seaweed industry in Tanzania will depend on using the existing opportunities, including utilising the seaweed species already studied, exploring the potential of other seaweed species for farming, development of deeper-water farming technologies, added-value, and ensuring availability of good quality seed material.

scholarly journals Biosecurity policy and legislation of the seaweed aquaculture industry in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 4411-4422
Author(s):  
Sadock B. Rusekwa ◽  
Iona Campbell ◽  
Flower E. Msuya ◽  
Amelia S. Buriyo ◽  
Elizabeth J. Cottier-Cook
Keyword(s):  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Finfish Aquaculture ◽  
Seaweed Industry

AbstractPest and disease outbreaks have significant impacts on the livelihoods of seaweed farmers each year, particularly in low- to middle-income countries around the world. Commercial seaweed farming of the red carrageenophytes, Eucheuma denticulatum, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Kappaphycus striatus, in Tanzania was established in 1989. The impacts of pests and diseases on the local seaweed industry had serious implications for the environment, society, local culture and human health. The industry was initially characterised by growth, but since 2002 has been severely limited due to pest and disease outbreaks, exacerbated by the effects of climate change. This paper identifies existing biosecurity frameworks in Tanzanian legislation and policies in order to assess their content regarding the management of pests and diseases in the seaweed industry. A total of thirteen frameworks were identified and analysed for their general biosecurity scope and inclusion of specific risks. Of the thirteen, only four were legally binding, and only four were identified to be applicable to the seaweed industry. National frameworks were predominantly designed to support finfish aquaculture; therefore, national authorities lack the expertise, experience and scientific basis on biosecurity issues in seaweed industry compared with other aquatic commercial commodities to identify and mitigate the risks from pest and disease outbreaks in the seaweed farming industry. Recommendations are provided to assist regulators in establishing biosecurity policies, which either explicitly include or are specifically designed, to support the Tanzanian seaweed industry. This analysis reveals where biosecurity capacity can be developed to support a sustainable and economically productive national seaweed farming industry.

scholarly journals Seaweed resources in India – current status of diversity and cultivation: prospects and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshisundaram Ganesan ◽  
Nitin Trivedi ◽  
Vishal Gupta ◽  
S. Venu Madhav ◽  
Chennur Radhakrishna Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Recent Success ◽  
Marine Industry ◽  
The Status ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Plant Growth Stimulants ◽  
Seaweed Industry

Abstract Seaweeds are an integral part of coastal ecosystems and offer invaluable ecosystem services supporting the life of many marine forms. The economic value of seaweeds significantly contributes to the sustainable development of rural coastal regions. Seaweeds are consumed as food in some Asian countries, but their utilization for production of phycocolloids is widespread across the globe, with an estimated value of more than one billion US$. In India, seaweeds have been utilized exclusively for the production of phycocolloids but recently they are used for the production of plant growth stimulants for agricultural applications. The domestic agar and alginate industry totally depends on the supplies from natural seaweed beds with some occasional imports. The recent success achieved in both upstream and downstream technologies in production and processing of seaweeds has boosted the prospects for commercialization of seaweed resources in the country. The present article briefly appraises the current status of Indian seaweed resources and their utilization, as well as developments in seaweed farming technologies, the status of seaweed industry and recent efforts to transform seaweed farming into a social enterprise. It also highlights the challenges encountered for mainstreaming these resources so as to evolve into a marine industry.

scholarly journals Analysis of Internal Risk Management in Indonesian Seaweed Farming

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Harifuddin Thahir ◽  
Elimawaty Rombe ◽  
Ponisri . ◽  
Gatha Vesakha ◽  
Suryadi Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Seaweed Industry

This study aims to identify the internal risk management and acknowledge the highest and the lowest risk that have significant impact on seaweed farming in Indonesia. The case study is used in Morowali-the central seaweed farming in Indonesia. The data obtained from primary data and secondary data and used a census through interview and questionnaire. Data analysis apply analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight of each criterion and sub criteria. The results show that the internal risks of seaweed operation by Indonesian farmers include the quality of seeds, technology, human resources, capital and cost management. The study found that the highest internal risk of seaweed operation on the farmers level is technology. This study provides insight and information to the seaweed farmers and manager of seaweed industry about the typical of internal risks in the farmers level.  

scholarly journals Culture of Three Seaweed Species in Cox’s Bazar Coast, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Md Mohidul Islam ◽  
Jakia Hasan ◽  
Md Zulfikar Ali ◽  
Md Enamul Hoq
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Enteromorpha Intestinalis ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Hypnea Musciformis ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Padina Tetrastromatica ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Net Method

The experimental culture of 3 seaweed species, i.e. Hypnea musciformis, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Padina tetrastromatica in three locations of Cox’s Bazar coast, Bangladesh using 4×4 m horizontal coir rope net method were conducted during 2016 to 2018. Results showed that the biomass yield was highest from H. musciformis (30.23±0.40 kg fw m−1) and significantly differ from E. intestinalis (24.50±0.08 kg fw m−1) and P. tetrastromatica (10.18±0.45 kg fw m−1). The Daily Growth Rate (DGR) of H. musciformis (8.88% day−1) was also higher than the DGR of E. intestinalis (6.55% day−1) and P. tetrastromatica (6.74% day−1). Saint Martin’s Island showed higher biomass yield of seaweeds than Bakkhali and Inani due to favourable water quality. In context to physico-chemical parameters of seaweed farming, Cox's Bazar coast is suitable for seaweed cultivation, although more suitable culture areas and longer culture period yet to be identified. The findings of the present study suggest that the cultivation of H. musciformis is viable and coastal people can take up such activities as seasonal income generating activity in coastal water. Bangladesh J. Zool. 49(1): 47-56, 2021

Nonsurgical Therapies for Hepatocellular and Cholangiocellular Carcinoma

Swiss Surgery ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schmassmann
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
Percutaneous Ethanol Injection ◽  
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Multidisciplinary Therapy ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Ethanol Injection ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Tumor Stages ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Advanced Stages

Surgical resection is the first choice of treatment for patients with hepatocellular (HCC) and cholangiocellular carcinomas. Prolongation of survival is, however, the only realistic goal for most patients, which can be often achieved by nonsurgical therapies. Inoperable patients with large or multiple HCCs are usually treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with lipiodol in combination with a chemotherapeutic drug and gelfoam. Three-year survival depends on the stage of the disease and is about 20%. Patients with earlier tumor stages (one or two tumor nodules less than 3cm in size) are suitable for treatment with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) alone or in combination with TACE. Several studies have shown that in these early stages, the 3-year survival rate is approximately 55%-70% in the actively treated patients which is significantly higher than in untreated patients. In advanced stages of the disease, TACE and PEI have no effect on survival and should not be performed. Some of these patients have been successfully treated with octreotide. Patients with inoperable cholangiocellular carcinoma are treated by endoscopic or percutaneous stent placement. If stenting does not achieve adequate biliary drainage, multidisciplinary therapy including internal / external radiotherapy or photodynamic therapy should be considered in patients with potential long-term survival. In conclusion, nonresectional therapies play an essential role in the therapy of inoperable hepato- and cholangiocellular carcinomas as they lead to satisfactory survival. Multidisciplinary therapy appears to be the current trend of management.

PELUANG PENERAPAN KONSEP BLUE ECONOMY PADA USAHA PERIKANAN DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Zamroni ◽  
Nurlaili Nurlaili ◽  
Cornelia Mirwantini Witomo
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Economic Pressure ◽  
Household Economy ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Alternative Livelihoods ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Blue Economy

Tantangan pengembangan ekonomi biru di Lombok adalah menurunnya habitat terutama rumput laut, terumbu karang dan bakau, karena tingginya tekanan ekonomi yang menyebabkan orang terlibat dalam eksploitasi sumber daya  perikanan. Tujuan riset adalah mereview penerapan konsep “Ekonomi Biru” pada usaha perikanan budidaya  di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Data dan informasi dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran dokumen, laporan riset dan publikasi ilmiah terkait topik kajian. Dokumen-dokumen tersebut dianalisis secara konten (content analysis) dan direview dari aspek sosial dan ekonomi yang dijelaskan secara kualitatif. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa 6 (enam) usaha perikanan dapat memberikan efek berganda yaitu budidaya  lobster, budi daya  rumput laut, pengolahan kepiting, pengolahan limbah kepala ikan, dan tambak garam mempunyai peluang menciptakan efek berganda, artinya keenam usaha tersebut dapat menciptakan alternatif mata pencaharian yang bisa berdampak pada peningkatan ekonomi rumah tangga. Title: Prospects of the Implementation of Blue Economy Concept on An opportunity Fisheries Bussiness in East Lombok DistrictThe challenge of developing a blue economy in Lombok is the decline of habitats, especially seaweed, coral reefs and mangroves, due to the high economic pressure that causes people to be involved in exploitation of fisheries resources. The aim of the research is to review the application of the concept of “Blue Economy” in aquaculture businesses in East Lombok District. Data and information were collected through documents investigation, research reports and scientific publications related to the topic of the study. These documents were analyzed using content analysis and reviewed from the social and economic aspects qualitatively described. The result shows that the review indicates that 6 (six) fisheries businesses can provide multiple effects namely lobster aquaculture, seaweed farming, crab processing, fish head waste treatment, and salt farming have the opportunity to create multiple effects, meaning that the six businesses can create alternative livelihoods that can has an impact on improving the household economy. 

Malignant melanoma of nasal mucosa, ethmoid and frontal sinuses endoscopically resected in the combined transnasal and trans-paralateronasal approach

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Bogdan Mocanu ◽  
Daniel Mirea ◽  
Silviu Oprescu ◽  
Anca Vișan ◽  
Mihai Tușaliu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
External Nose ◽  
Frontal Process ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Frontal Sinuses

Introduction. The primitive malignant melanoma of nasal mucosa and paranasal sinus is a rare tumor of uncertain etiology, with unpredictable biologic behavior and bad prognosis. Unlike skin melanomas, there are no risk factors and the disease is frequently manifested in older patients, whose clinical otorhinolaryngology complaints are normally non-specific and ranges from nasal obstruction to rhinorrhea and epistaxis. Unfortunately, this disease is diagnosed basically in advanced stages which makes the surgery difficult. Objective. To report a case of primitive malignant melanoma of nasal mucosa, ethmoid and frontal sinuses, that was diagnosed in 2015. It was performed a subtotal resection in another hospital in 24.08.2015, with a large local reccurence. Report. Our patient was a 78-year-old woman with bilateral nasal obstruction, light epistaxis and unilateral rhinorrhea. The ENT, CT and  MRI exams showed a tumour with important, invasion of the nasal cavity structures (billateral nasal bones, left frontal process of the maxilla, the superior midpoint of the nasal septum, bilateral middle and superior turbinates, left ethmoid and bilateral frontal sinuses). The patient was submited for surgery: total macroscopic resection in the combined endoscopic approach; transnasal and modified lateral rhinotomy with titaniul plates reconstruction of the external nose architecture. Conclusions. Malignant melanomas of nasal mucosa are, in general, diagnosed in advanced stages. Their histological characteristics in the mucosa makes difficult the surgical treatment, which is one of the most efficient options, because they are resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. The early diagnosis and a good surgical treatment plan are the best option for this tumor nowadays.  

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