Seaweed resources of Tanzania: status, potential species, challenges and development potentials

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380
Author(s):  
Flower E. Msuya
Keyword(s):  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Good Quality Seed ◽  
Seaweed Industry

AbstractTanzania is endowed with a rich biodiversity of seaweed species that grow naturally in its oligotrophic waters of the Western Indian Ocean. Most of these species are unexploited. Only two red seaweeds Eucheuma and Kappaphycus have been studied for commercial farming and the industrial production is based on these species. Another genus of red seaweed, Gracilaria, has been studied and experimented upon for potential farming while others such as the green Ulva, the red Hypnea and the brown Sargassum have been mentioned as potential species for farming. Farming technology used to cultivate the two commercial species is the shallow water off-bottom technology which is badly affected by the increase in surface seawater temperatures (climate change), causing massive die-backs and decreased seaweed production. Some deeper-water farming technologies have been developed but only tubular nets show promise and have been piloted. A number of opportunities exist in seaweed farming, which can be used to advance the industry. The future of the seaweed industry in Tanzania will depend on using the existing opportunities, including utilising the seaweed species already studied, exploring the potential of other seaweed species for farming, development of deeper-water farming technologies, added-value, and ensuring availability of good quality seed material.

The seaweed resources of Chile over the period 2006–2016: moving from gatherers to cultivators

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Camus ◽  
María del Carmen Hernández-González ◽  
Alejandro H. Buschmann
Keyword(s):  
Local Processing ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Southeastern Pacific ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Seaweed Industry ◽  
Chilean Government ◽  
Technical Studies

Abstract Chile, located in the southeastern Pacific, possess a high richness of seaweed species, some of which have been traditionally extracted from natural beds for the production of hydrocolloids (e.g. agar, carrageenan and alginates), but still a high proportion of the biomass is being exported as dried material to processors in Asia and Europe. During the period 2006–2016, this tendency has been maintained, but has also started to show signs of changing towards a more sustainable, localized seaweed industry as new actions by the Chilean government provided subsidies to seaweed farming activities and also to investments in local valorization of the resources. This “sea change” has been further supported by an increase in the number of localized scientific and technical studies related to Chilean seaweed resources which has prepared the foundation required in order to move to more advanced stages of local seaweed farming and development of local processing.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Profiling of a Red Seaweed Pyropia yezoensis: Insights into Biosynthetic Pathways in the Order Bangiales

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Koizumi ◽  
Naoki Takatani ◽  
Noritoki Kobayashi ◽  
Koji Mikami ◽  
Kazuo Miyashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Pyropia Yezoensis ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are natural pigments that contribute to light harvesting and photo-protection in photosynthetic organisms. In this study, we analyzed the carotenoid profiles, including mono-hydroxy and epoxy-carotenoids, in the economically valuable red seaweed Pyropia yezoensis, to clarify the detailed biosynthetic and metabolic pathways in the order Bangiales. P. yezoensis contained lutein, zeaxanthin, α-carotene, and β-carotene, as major carotenoids in both the thallus and conchocelis stages. Monohydroxy intermediate carotenoids for the synthesis of lutein with an ε-ring from α-carotene, α-cryptoxanthin (β,ε-caroten-3’-ol), and zeinoxanthin (β,ε-caroten-3-ol) were identified. In addition, β-cryptoxanthin, an intermediate in zeaxanthin synthesis from β-carotene, was also detected. We also identified lutein-5,6-epoxide and antheraxanthin, which are metabolic products of epoxy conversion from lutein and zeaxanthin, respectively, by LC-MS and 1H-NMR. This is the first report of monohydroxy-carotenoids with an ε-ring and 5,6-epoxy-carotenoids in Bangiales. These results provide new insights into the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of carotenoids in red seaweeds.

scholarly journals Successful Approaches for a Red Seaweed Biorefinery

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvarez-Viñas ◽  
Flórez-Fernández ◽  
Torres ◽  
Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
Full Utilization ◽  
Terrestrial Biomass

Macroalgae have been commercially exploited as food and for the production of phycocolloids, but they also contain compounds with potential in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, chemical and energetic applications. The biorefinery concept applied to seaweed facilitates the extraction of different constituents ensuring full utilization of resources and generating few residues through a succession of steps. Seaweed biorefineries are less advanced than those based on terrestrial biomass and the design of efficient processes requires further study. This review presents practical successful examples to obtain two or more commercially valuable components from red seaweeds. The selected processes consist on cascading stages of both conventional and alternative techniques to illustrate different possible valorization strategies.

Copper, Zinc, Nickel, and Cobalt biosorption potential of Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) and Gracilaria tikvahiae (Rhodophyta)

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chaudhuri ◽  
M. Mitra ◽  
J.G. Schwarz ◽  
S. Schiewer
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Gracilaria Tikvahiae ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Zinc Nickel

Dried raw and protonated biomasses of the brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus and the red seaweed Gracilaria tikvahiae were used to study their biosorption performance for copper, zinc, nickel, and cobalt. Representative samples of both species were collected from Chincoteague Bay, Virginia. A series of “sorbate” or metal concentrations (10-450 mg L-1) were selected for each metal to compare the seaweeds' biosorption performance at pH 4.5 ± 0.1 and 25±1 °C. Samples were analyzed on Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models for single solute systems were used to assess sorption performance. Both raw and protonated Fucus vesiculosus exhibited higher affinity for metal ions than Gracilaria tikvahiae, at both high and low ends of the concentration ranges. The protonated red seaweed species had maximum metal uptake values of 0.99 mequiv g-1 (copper), 0.39 mequiv g-1 (zinc), 0.66 mequiv g-1 (nickel) and 0.79 mequiv g-1 (cobalt). In comparison, protonated Fucus vesiculosus sorbed higher amounts (1.63, 1.10, 1.40, and 1.69 mequiv g-1 of the metals in the same order). The prospects of using the brown seaweed species in the treatment of industrial wastewaters in place of expensive, conventional ion-exchange resins are envisaged.

Cultivation and utilisation of red seaweeds in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 699-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flower E. Msuya ◽  
Amelia Buriyo ◽  
Isabel Omar ◽  
Benjamin Pascal ◽  
Koushul Narrain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Seaweeds

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN KOMODITAS RUMPUT LAUT E. COTONII UNTUK PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH DI SENTRA KAWASAN INDUSTRIALISASI

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmah Hikmah
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Exchange Potential ◽  
Seaweed Production ◽  
Seaweed Industry

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang potensi dan peluang, p ermasalahan sertapengembagan industri rumput laut. Rumput laut merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan budidayayang mampu meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat, menyerap tenaga kerja dan meningkatkandevisa negara. Potensi sebaran rumput laut di Indonesia sangat luas baik yang tumbuh secara alamimaupun yang dibudidayakan di laut. Peluang menuju pengembagan Industri rumput laut masih terbuka dilihat dari potensi lahan budidaya, ketersediaan bahan baku, maupun dari sisi permintaan produk olahan.Permasalahan dan tantangan terkait kemampuan Indonesia dalam mengekspor dan bersaing dalamperebutan pangsa pasar dunia untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan rumput laut dunia antara lain rendahnyakualitas dan kontinuitas bahan baku, permodalan, lemahnya sumberdaya manusia dan kelembagaan,serta permasalahan pemasaran produk rumput laut. Strategi kebijakan pengembangan industripengolahan rumput laut E. cotonii untuk peningkatan nilai tambah adalah peningkatan produktivitas dankualitas rumput laut, pengembangan industri pengolahan rumput laut setengah jadi (ATC,SRC dan RC)secara bertahap di sentra kawasan produksi rumput laut, dan pengembangan skala usaha pengolahanrumput laut siap konsumsi dari skala tradisoinal menjadi skala industri.Title: Strategy of Commudity Precessing Industry DepelopmentE. cottonii Seaweed to Increasing Value Added in The AreaCenter of IndustrializationThis paper aims to assess the potential and opportunities, problems and developing a seaweedindustry. Seaweed is one aquaculture commodity that is able to improve the economy, provide employmentand increase foreign exchange. Potential distribution of seaweed in Indonesia is very wide both naturallygrown and cultivated in the sea. Opportunities towards developing a seaweed industry is still open inview of the potential for the cultivation of land, availability of raw materials and processed productsfrom the demand side. Problems and challenges related to Indonesia’s ability to export and compete inthe race for market share to meet the needs of the world’s seaweed were low quality and continuity ofraw materials, capital, human resources and institutional weaknesses, as well as marketing problemsseaweed products. Strategy of commudities E. cotonii seaweed processing industry to developmentincrease the added value is increased productivity and quality of seaweed, seaweed processing industrydevelopment of semi-finished (ATC, SRC and RC) gradually in the central area of seaweed production,and the development of business scale processing of seaweed ready for consumption on the scaletradisoinal be scale industries.

scholarly journals Biochemical composition of red, green and brown seaweeds on the Swedish west coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 3305-3317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Olsson ◽  
Gunilla B. Toth ◽  
Eva Albers
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Swedish West Coast ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Arsenic Copper

Abstract Seaweed biomass has the potential to become an important raw material for bio-based production. The aim of this study was to screen the overall composition of several seaweed species on the Swedish west coast, including some scarcely studied species, to provide fundamentals for evaluation of biorefining potential and to benchmark with already potentially industrially relevant species and commercially important land-based biomasses. Twenty-two common seaweed species (green, red, brown) were collected and the carbohydrate, ash, protein, water and metal contents were measured. Carbohydrate content varied between 237 and 557 g kg−1 dry weight (dw), making it the largest constituent, on a dry weight basis, of most species in the study. Ash, which is considered unwanted in biorefining, ranged between 118 and 419 g kg−1 dw and was the largest constituent in several seaweeds, which were therefore considered unsuitable for biorefining. Protein content was most abundant in the red seaweeds but was generally low in all species (59–201 g kg−1 dw). High contents of several unwanted metals for processing or human consumption were found (e.g. aluminium, arsenic, copper, chromium and nickel), which need to be considered when utilizing seaweeds for certain applications. Potential targets for further biorefinery development mostly include species already known for their potential (Saccharina latissima, Laminaria digitata and Chondrus crispus) while some, such as Halidrys siliquosa and Dilsea carnosa, have not been previously noted. However, more detailed studies are required to explore biorefinery processes for these seaweeds, as well as how to potentially cultivate them.

scholarly journals An analysis of the current status and future of biosecurity frameworks for the Indonesian seaweed industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 2147-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicilia S. B. Kambey ◽  
Iona Campbell ◽  
Calvyn F. A. Sondak ◽  
Adibi R. M. Nor ◽  
Phaik E. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Seaweed Aquaculture ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Seaweed Industry

AbstractIndonesia is the world largest producer of the red seaweeds Kappaphycus and Eucheuma; however, this country is facing significant challenges such as disease outbreaks, epiphyte infestations and a loss in seedling quality. Biosecurity practices have been widely adopted in other aquaculture sectors and when enforced can help to limit the introduction and spread of diseases and pests. To assess current capacity for biosecurity in seaweed aquaculture in Indonesia, a systematic analysis of policy frameworks including legislation, regulatory tools, and national standards was conducted. Biosecurity themes and risks were used to evaluate current national biosecurity content. The results identified major challenges faced by the industry in order to implement biosecurity policies in practice. Barriers to implementation included unspecific reference to the seaweed aquaculture sector, limited variety of approaches to biosecurity, limited use of up-to-date scientific evidence, insufficient guidance for the use of precaution and insufficient inclusion of specific biosecurity hazards. In general, although national regulations are currently under revision, current policies indicate a lack of clarity where biosecurity is included. Six recommendations are suggested to incorporate proactive biosecurity actions into current frameworks, with the aim of improving the health and sustainability of the seaweed aquaculture sector in Indonesia.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of the Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Applications of Red Seaweeds (Rhodophyta)

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Cotas ◽  
Adriana Leandro ◽  
Diana Pacheco ◽  
Ana M. M. Gonçalves ◽  
Leonel Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Red Seaweed ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Biomedical Interest ◽  
Advanced Applications

The red seaweed group (Rhodophyta) is one of the phyla of macroalgae, among the groups Phaeophyceae and Chlorophyta, brown and green seaweeds, respectively. Nowadays, all groups of macroalgae are getting the attention of the scientific community due to the bioactive substances they produce. Several macroalgae products have exceptional properties with nutraceutical, pharmacological, and biomedical interest. The main compounds studied are the fatty acids, pigments, phenols, and polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are the most exploited molecules, which are already widely used in various industries and are, presently, entering into more advanced applications from the therapeutic point of view. The focuses of this review are the red seaweeds’ compounds, its proprieties, and its uses. Moreover, this work discusses new possible applications of the compounds of the red seaweeds.

Notes on batoid fishes of the Socotra Archipelago (north-western Indian Ocean), with four new records

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4951 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-528
Author(s):  
SERGEY V. BOGORODSKY ◽  
UWE ZAJONZ ◽  
FOUAD N. SAEED ◽  
SIMON WEIGMANN
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
New Records ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Main Island ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Socotra Archipelago ◽  
Batoid Fishes ◽  
North Western

The species composition of batoid fishes from coastal waters of the Socotra Archipelago is reviewed, with confirmed records of the wedgefish Rhynchobatus djiddensis (Forsskål, 1775) and four new records of sharkrays, wedgefishes, and guitarfishes based on collected specimens, including one species from Abd al-Kuri Island, Rhina ancylostoma Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Rhinidae), and three species from the main island Socotra, Acroteriobatus salalah (Randall & Compagno, 1995) and Rhinobatos punctifer Compagno & Randall, 1987 (Rhinobatidae), and Rhynchobatus australiae Whitley, 1939 (Rhinidae). Among the new records for the Socotra Archipelago, R. australiae represents the first verified record for the Arabian region. In addition, records of four stingray species (Dasyatidae) are verified based on underwater observations accompanied with photographs. All recorded batoid fishes are commercial species caught in the local small-scale fishery. Information on the identification and distribution of each species is provided.  

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