scholarly journals Use of Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy to Distinguish Cancer from Normal Tissues with a Four Electrode Terminal Setup

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
Viviane S. Teixeira ◽  
Vera Labitzky ◽  
Udo Schumacher ◽  
Wolfgang Krautschneider
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCancer and normal tissues are visually different from each other, especially so in more advanced cancer stages. More important, they are not only visually contrasting, but if an electric field is applied to both tissue types and the frequency is varied in a wide range, it will be seen that the two tissue types in general have a spectral response divergent from each other and this has to do with the characteristics of cancer tissues in contrast to normal ones. In this work, Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy is applied to try to distinguish cancer from healthy tissues by means of their impedance spectrum using a four-electrode-terminal setup. The use of the fourterminal- setup setup is important to circumvent the impact of electrode polarization at frequencies below 1 kHz.

scholarly journals Electrical impedance spectroscopy in relation to seed viability and moisture content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Repo ◽  
D.H. Paine ◽  
A.G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Viable Seeds

A method, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is introduced to study seed viability non-destructively. Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds were studied by EIS to determine the most sensitive EIS parameter(s) and the optimal range of moisture content (MC) for separation of viable and non-viable seeds. Hydrated seeds exhibited two impedance arcs in the complex plane at the frequency range from 60 Hz to 8 MHz, and impedance spectra of viable and non-viable seeds differed. The hydrated seeds were best-modelled by an equivalent electrical circuit with two distributed circuit elements in series with a resistor (Voigt model). Moisture content and seed viability had strong effects on the EIS parameters. The most sensitive EIS parameters for detecting the differences between viable and non-viable seeds were the capacitance log(C2), the resistance R2, the resistance ratio R2/R1 and the apex ratio, which all represent specific features of the impedance spectrum. The highest differentiation in the EIS parameters between the viable and non-viable seeds occurred in partially imbibed seeds between MC of 40 and 45% (fresh weight basis).

scholarly journals Effects of Lead Exposure on Blood Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy of Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binying Yang ◽  
Jia Xu ◽  
Shao Hu ◽  
Boning You ◽  
Qing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Nyquist Plot ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Range Data

Abstract Background: Lead is a nonessential heavy metal, which can inhibit heme synthesis and has significant cytotoxic effects. Nevertheless, its effect on the electrical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) remains unclear. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the electrical properties and the electrophysiological mechanism of lead exposure in mouse blood using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Methods: AC impedance method was used to measure the electrical impedance of healthy and lead exposure blood of mice in 0.01-100 MHz frequency range. Data characteristic of the impedance spectrum, Bodes plot, Nyquist plot and Nichols plot, and three elements equivalent circuit model were used to explicitly analyze the differences in amplitude-frequency, phase-frequency, and the frequency characteristic of blood in electrical impedance properties. Results: Compared with the healthy blood in control mice, the changes in blood exposed to lead was as follows: (I) the hematocrit decreased; (II) the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of electrical impedance decreased; (III) the characteristic frequencies ( f 0 ) were significantly increased; (IV) the electrical impedance of plasma, erythrocyte membrane, and hemoglobin decreased, while the conductivity increased. Conclusion: Therefore, EIS can be used as an effective method to monitor blood and RBCs abnormalities caused by lead-exposure.

Measurement of Solids Concentration in Slurries Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Technique (Keynote)

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenggen Hu ◽  
Bruce Firth
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectroscopy Technique ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy Technique

In this research work, an electrical impedance spectroscopy technique has been developed to measure the solids concentration of slurry mixtures. This new measurement technique is based on the fact that the AC frequency responses of solids are distinct from those for the liquid phase. In this technique, the electrical impedance spectrum of slurry mixtures is measured over the frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz. Changes in the frequency response at different excitation signal amplitudes reflect changes in the slurry composition and the electrical conductivity of the liquid phase, and by analyzing the spectra using artificial intelligence data analysis techniques, such as Multiplayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network, one can determine the volumetric fraction of the solids phase. The technique has been successfully tested for various slurries under different conductivities of liquid phase and temperatures. In contrast with previous techniques based on conductivity or capacitance, this new technique can be used for on-line measurement of solids concentration in slurry streams even when the conductivity of the liquid phase changes substantially with time.

Micro-Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Particle Detection

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Hsueh-Chia Chang
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Particle Manipulation ◽  
Particle Detection ◽  
Ac Electrokinetics ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity

Microfludic devices with integrated electrical detection will enable fast, low-cost or portable sensing and processing of biological and chemical samples. As an inherent property of microfabrication, micro-electrical impedance spectroscopy detectors can take advantage of AC electrokinetics for particle manipulation, leading to enhanced sensitivity. Preliminary experiments on particle detection were carried out using microelectrode pairs, and impedance spectra are compared with respect to opposite effects of dielectrophoresis and electrode polarization. The values of cell equivalent circuit are extracted for electrode optimization.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Multiple Electrodes Based Electrical Impedance Spectroscopic Probe for Screening of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 1933
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Youjeong Jeong ◽  
Dongchoon Park ◽  
Tongin Oh
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Voltage Measurement ◽  
Wide Range

As regular cervical cancer screening becomes more common, the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is increasing. We proposed a noninvasive and low-cost multi-channel electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and probe with multiple active electrodes for screening CIN. Compared with four-electrode probes for impedance spectroscopy, the multiple active electrodes facilitated more flexible combination of current injection and voltage measurement, which allowed well-designed measurement protocols for focused sensitivity underneath the large size of the probe. Furthermore, the multiple active electrodes reduced the negative effects of the cabling between the system and probe inserted into the cervix. After presenting the basic performance, the EIS probe was tested by three different experimental phantoms using four different materials of electrical properties. The corresponding experimental results were presented to prove the functionality of the EIS probe and characterize the electrical properties at a wide range of frequencies from 0.625 to 100 kHz. It had high sensitivity underneath the surface of the probe and a rapidly decreased outer. Furthermore, we verified the frequency-dependent impedance changes using the giant vesicle phantoms with different amounts of extra- and intra-fluids separated by the insulating membranes. This study facilitates the feasibility into clinical practice for identifying CIN in the future.

scholarly journals Effects of lead exposure on blood electrical impedance spectroscopy of mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binying Yang ◽  
Jia Xu ◽  
Shao Hu ◽  
Boning You ◽  
Qing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Nyquist Plot ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Range Data

Abstract Background Lead is a nonessential heavy metal, which can inhibit heme synthesis and has significant cytotoxic effects. Nevertheless, its effect on the electrical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) remains unclear. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the electrical properties and the electrophysiological mechanism of lead exposure in mouse blood using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) in 0.01–100 MHz frequency range. Data characteristic of the impedance spectrum, Bodes plot, Nyquist plot and Nichols plot, and Constant Phase Element (CPE) equivalent circuit model were used to explicitly analyze the differences in amplitude–frequency, phase–frequency, and the frequency characteristics of blood in electrical impedance properties. Results Compared with the healthy blood in control mice, the changes in blood exposed to lead were as follows: (i) the hematocrit decreased; (ii) the amplitude–frequency and phase–frequency characteristics of electrical impedance decreased; (iii) the characteristic frequencies (f0) were significantly increased; (iv) the electrical impedance of plasma, erythrocyte membrane, and hemoglobin decreased, while the conductivity increased. (v) The pseudo-capacitance of cell membrane (CPE_Tm) and the intracellular pseudo-capacitance (CPE-Ti) were decreased. Conclusions Therefore, EIS can be used as an effective method to monitor blood and RBC abnormalities caused by lead exposure. The electrical properties of the cells can be applied as an important observation in the evaluation of the toxic effects of heavy metals.

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