scholarly journals Evaluation of Physiological Traits, Yield and Yield Components at Two Growth Stages in 10 Durum Wheat Lines Grown under Rainfed Conditions in Southern Syria

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
M. Almeselmani ◽  
A. Al-Rzak Saud ◽  
K. Al-Zubi ◽  
S. Al-Ghazali ◽  
F. Hareri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Wheat Lines

AbstractWater stress, which limits the distribution and productivity of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in the Mediterranean region, is also considered to be a major factor reducing yield in semiarid regions. Improving drought resistance is thus an important objective in plant breeding programs for rainfed agriculture. The current study was carried out to identify drought-tolerant durum wheat lines among 10 lines and one variety (Douma1, the control) in the first and second settlement zones in the Southern part of Syria and to recognize the most important physiological parameters associated with drought tolerance. Membrane stability index, chlorophyll (chl) content, relative water content and chl fluorescence were recorded at the vegetative and anthesis stages, as were yield and yield components. Data recorded at vegetative and anthesis stages in both zones showed that there were significant differences between all lines growing in the first and second settlement zones and that all characters in the second zone were significantly lower than those in the first zone. Line 1 was superior to Douma1 in terms of membrane stability index, relative water content, chl content and chl florescence, also showing better yield and higher total plant biomass, tiller number/m2, 1000 grain weight and grain number/ear than the control. The ability of wheat cultivars to perform reasonably well in variable rainfall and water-stressed environments is an important trait since it allows for stable production under drought stress. Moreover, prior to genetic manipulation, it is important to characterize the physiological parameters of known drought-tolerant or drought-sensitive wheat cultivars with the objective of better understanding their physiological responses under drought

scholarly journals Application of Silica Gel on Growth and Yield of Camelina sativa L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ul Haq ◽  
Fayyaz Ul Hassan ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Mannan Hamzah ◽  
Fahad Ali Fayyaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Relative Water

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of Silica gel on the growth and yield of Camelina sativa. A pot experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications at Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi. The experiment consisted of 4 levels (0.15 mg/g, 0.30 mg/g, 0.45 mg/g and 0.60 mg/g) of each mentioned nutrient along with control. The data were recorded and analyzed according to recommended procedure for following parameters viz., germination %, root and shoot length (cm), root and shoot biomass (g), relative water content of leaf and leaf membrane stability index. It was observed that 0.60 mg/g silica gel application increased the seed germination (80%), root length (6.67) cm, shoot length (35.33) cm, root biomass (1.7) g, shoot biomass (5.57) g, relative water content of leaf (0.69) and leaf membrane stability index (0.07). The study concluded that significant effect of silica gel application is crucial and important to improve vegetative attributes of false flax.

scholarly journals Effect of cold stress on boro rice seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
H. K. Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Boro Rice

Cold stress at seedling stage is a major constraint in boro rice production. Nine boro rice lines were crossed in diallel fashion excluding reciprocals to obtain 36 crosses. All the 36 crosses along with parents were grown in nursery in three seasons (boro-2014, kharif-2015 and boro-2015). Performance of seedlings for survival per cent, chlorophyll content, relative water content, membrane stability index was recorded just before transplanting in all the three seasons. Scoring for cold tolerance was done in both boro seasons. Gautam showed highest survival rate over three seasons. Among crosses, IR 64 x Krishna Hamsa showed highest survival (84%) in boro-2014, MTU 1010 x Jaya (86.33%) in boro-2015 and MTU 1010 x Krishna Hamsa (95.67%) in kharif-2015. Jaya x Krishna Hamsa was most cold tolerant cross over both boro seasons. Significant positive correlation was observed among survival per cent, chlorophyll content, relative water content and membrane stability index over seasons.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of enzymatic system of two different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars growing under salt stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Bhutta
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Relative Water

Soil salinity and semi-arid and arid climate of Pakistan is a major constraint in agriculture and predominantly in foodstuff production. It limits crop yield and use of land previously uncultivated. Wheat is moderately salt tolerant. A great variation was observed between and within the cultivars (genotypes: S-24 salt tolerant and DN-27 salt sensitive) in relationship to the choice of salinity level (control and treatments: in increment of 25 mol/m<sup>3</sup> NaCl/day to a final level of 80 and 160 mol/m<sup>3 </sup>NaCl into the nutrient solution) that will be used for screening purpose. Relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes were determined after 20 and 40 days of salt stress exposure. As a result of activity enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase increased in S-24 with the increase of salt stress, while in DN-27 all the enzymes showed constant activity at all the stress levels. Meanwhile, relative water content and membrane stability index decrease the value as well as they increases the stress levels. It can be concluded that all three antioxidant enzymes were limiting factors for these genotypes and these reasons also led to the salt sensitivity in DN-27. Different selection methods should be applied to improve different traits in different conditions in wheat.

scholarly journals Proline, Protein, Rwc and Msi Contents Affected by Paclobutrazol and Water Deficit Treatments in Strawberry Cv. Paros

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Parvin ◽  
T. Javadi ◽  
N. Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Abstract Drought is one of the critical environmental stresses that affect growth and development of plants. Plants are damaged directly and indirectly under drought stress. Increasing water stress tolerance in plants is crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different water stress levels (-1, -5, and -10 bars) and paclobutrazol application (0 and 50 mg-1) on strawberry cv. Paros. According to analyses of variance there were significant effects of drought stress and paclobutrazol application on leaf area, leaf dry weight, leaf relative water content (RWC), cell membrane stability index (MSI), proline and protein content of leaves. Leaf area, leaf dry weight, leaf relative water content and cell membrane stability index decreased in drought stress, especially at -10 bars. Proline and protein contents were enhanced by increasing water stress levels. Paclobutrazol application increased leaf relative water content and cell membrane stability index, proline and protein contents of leaves. Leaf relative water content was 68.77% in -10 bars drought stress that increased to 79% in paclobutrazol treatment. Also, cell membrane stability index was 69.65% in severe drought stress and reached to 77% in paclobutrazol treatment. According to the results pacloburazol is a benefit substance to ameliorate drought stress effects in strawberry cv. Paros.

scholarly journals Growth And Yield Components Of Wheat Under Water Stress Of Different Growth Stages

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Akram
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Water Contents

A field experiment was conducted to determine the sensitivity of wheat to water stress and changes in water relations and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water stress conditions applied at different growth stages. The experiment comprised of two wheat cultivars and four water stress treatments, maintained by withholding water at tillering, anthesis, and at both stages. Water stress caused reduction in leaf relative water contents, water potential, osmotic potential, turgor potential, growth and yield components of both the wheat cultivars. The results indicated that high value of relative water contents were associated with increased yield and yield components. Consecutive stresses at both growth stages caused severe reduction in yield and yield components in both cultivars of wheat. Keywords: Water stress; water relations; growth; Triticum aestivum; yield components. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9264 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 455-468

scholarly journals Salinization/sodification of soil and physiological dynamics of sunflower irrigated with saline–sodic water amending by potassium and farm yard manure

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ashraf ◽  
S. Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
N. Akhtar ◽  
M. Imtiaz ◽  
A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Sodic Water ◽  
Relative Water

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants were grown with saline–sodic water (SSW) by treating with potassium (K @ 100 and 200 mg K2O kg−1 soil) and farm yard manure (FYM @ 5 and 10% of soil, w/w). Irrigation with untreated SSW caused soil salinization/sodification, leading to an increase in electrical conductivity (EC) of 165% and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 100% with the subsequent increase of 736% in shoot Na+, a decrease of 52% in shoot K+ and 94% in shoot K+:Na+ratio compared to canal water. SSW also decreased physiological activities: 31% relative water content (RWC), 34% membrane stability index (MSI), 51% protein, 33% chlorophyll and 58% photosynthetic rate compared to canal water. Integrated application of K and FYM, at higher level, decreased soil EC by 54% and SAR 43%, and shoot Na+ 57% with a corresponding improvement in soil organic matter 166%, shoot K+ 360%, shoot K+:Na+ratio 987%, RWC 34%, MSI 37%, protein 60%, photosynthetic rate 102%, superoxide dismutase 92%, peroxidase 78% and catalase 52% compared to SSW without K and/or FYM. In conclusion, exogenous application of K and FYM could be a promising approach to use brackish water in agriculture on a sustainable basis.

scholarly journals Assessment of lettuce quality during storage at low relative humidity using Global Stability Index methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Roberta Ansorena ◽  
María Victoria Agüero ◽  
María Grabriela Goñi ◽  
Sara Roura ◽  
Alejandra Ponce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Global Stability ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
External Zone ◽  
Relative Water

During postharvest, lettuce is usually exposed to adverse conditions (e.g. low relative humidity) that reduce the vegetable quality. In order to evaluate its shelf life, a great number of quality attributes must be analyzed, which requires careful experimental design, and it is time consuming. In this study, the modified Global Stability Index method was applied to estimate the quality of butter lettuce at low relative humidity during storage discriminating three lettuce zones (internal, middle, and external). The results indicated that the most relevant attributes were: the external zone - relative water content, water content , ascorbic acid, and total mesophilic counts; middle zone - relative water content, water content, total chlorophyll, and ascorbic acid; internal zone - relative water content, bound water, water content, and total mesophilic counts. A mathematical model that takes into account the Global Stability Index and overall visual quality for each lettuce zone was proposed. Moreover, the Weibull distribution was applied to estimate the maximum vegetable storage time which was 5, 4, and 3 days for the internal, middle, and external zone, respectively. When analyzing the effect of storage time for each lettuce zone, all the indices evaluated in the external zone of lettuce presented significant differences (p < 0.05). For both, internal and middle zones, the attributes presented significant differences (p < 0.05), except for water content and total chlorophyll.

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