scholarly journals Detection of Wastewater Treatment Process Disturbances in Bioreactors Using the E-Nose Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Łagód ◽  
Łukasz Guz ◽  
Fabrizio Sabba ◽  
Henryk Sobczuk
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Process Disturbances

Abstract Wastewater treatment processes are subject to numerous disturbances during biological treatment of wastewater. In order to achieve and sustain suitable conditions of the process, basic wastewater parameters should be frequently monitored. While great improvements have been made in the automatization of treatment process, little is known about automatic measuring systems that can detect unusual process conditions in a bioreactor. Tracking these parameters can be difficult and the time required for the determination might vary from several minutes to few days. The objective of this study is to evaluate the use of an electronic nose in-house device (based on a non-selective gas sensor array) for the detection of process disturbances in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) during biological treatment of wastewater with activated sludge. Measurements were performed during a 12-hours working cycle. Continuous analyses of the headspace were performed using a sensor array based on the resistive Metal Oxide Semiconductor type (MOS) gas sensor. Based on the data obtained and the PCA analysis, this study showed that the e-nose technology can be used to predict or retrieve information about potential disruptions during wastewater processes using the e-nose technology.

scholarly journals Application of Electronic Nose for Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment Process Effects at Full-Scale WWTP

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Łagód ◽  
Sylwia M. Duda ◽  
Dariusz Majerek ◽  
Adriana Szutt ◽  
Agnieszka Dołhańczuk-Śródka
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Gas Sensor Array

This paper presents the results of studies aiming at the assessment and classification of wastewater using an electronic nose. During the experiment, an attempt was made to classify the medium based on an analysis of signals from a gas sensor array, the intensity of which depended on the levels of volatile compounds in the headspace gas mixture above the wastewater table. The research involved samples collected from the mechanical and biological treatment devices of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), as well as wastewater analysis. The measurements were carried out with a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor array, when coupled with a computing unit (e.g., a computer with suitable software for the analysis of signals and their interpretation), it formed an e-nose—that is, an imitation of the mammalian olfactory sense. While conducting the research it was observed that the intensity of signals sent by sensors changed with drops in the level of wastewater pollution; thus, the samples could be classified in terms of their similarity and the analyzed gas-fingerprint could be related to the pollution level expressed by physical and biochemical indicators. Principal component analysis was employed for dimensionality reduction, and cluster analysis for grouping observation purposes. Supervised learning techniques confirmed that the obtained data were applicable for the classification of wastewater at different stages of the purification process.

scholarly journals Development of a cost-effective wastewater treatment process: combination of different process

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01106
Author(s):  
Song Du ◽  
Wenbiao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Combination Process ◽  
Electro Catalytic Oxidation

Caprolactam wastewater produced by the production process of caprolactam is characterized by a very high toxicity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values, having potential harm to the environment if treated improperly. However, these characteristics make caprolactam wastewaters difficult to treat using traditional methods. So the aim of this work was to develop a cost-effective caprolactam wastewater treatment process. Fenton oxidation, sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process (SBR) and electro-catalytic oxidation were proposed to treat caprolactam wastewater in the laboratory scale, and the treatment effects were investigated. Compared with Fenton oxidation, SBR and electro-catalytic oxidation can treat caprolactam wastewater at a lower cost and more efficiently. The pilot test results indicate that the COD can be decreased to less than 1000 mg/L by the combination process, and when the COD removal rates maintain 90%, the cost of caprolactam wastewater treatment is below 6 yuan/m3. The combination process showed better economic benefit.

MODELLING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS IN A SMALL PLANT USING A SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR (SBR)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1561-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcis Barsan ◽  
Ion Joita ◽  
Marius Stanila ◽  
Cristian Radu ◽  
Mihaela Dascalu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Small Plant

A Novel Predictive PID Control Method for SBR Wastewater Treatment Process DO Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1437-1442
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Yu ◽  
Yu Zhao Feng ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
Li Wei Sheng ◽  
Hong Lu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pid Control ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Do Control

Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment process has lots of characteristics, such as randomness, time-varying characteristics, complexity and so on. In order to solve the above problems, a predictive PID control method based on DMC and ordinary PID for SBR wastewater treatment process dissolved oxygen (DO) control was proposed. The simulation studies were conducted with the MATLAB in a sewage treatment plant. The results showed that the proposed predictive PID control method was robust and jamproof. Meanwhile, the wastewater treatment system also had a strong capacity of shock load.

scholarly journals Optimal-Setpoint-Based Control Strategy of a Wastewater Treatment Process

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1203
Author(s):  
Sergiu Caraman ◽  
Laurentiu Luca ◽  
Iulian Vasiliev ◽  
Marian Barbu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Regime ◽  
Performance Criterion ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Current Operating

This paper presents an optimal-setpoint-based control strategy of a wastewater treatment process (WWTP). The treatment plant serves the city of Galati, located in Eastern Romania, a city with a population of 250,000 inhabitants. As the treatment plant includes several control loops (based upon PI controllers), an efficient operation means the establishing of an optimal operating point regardless of the pluviometric regime (DRY, RAIN and STORM) or transitions between regimes. This optimal operating point is given by the optimal setpoint set (setpoints of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerated tanks, setpoint of the nitrate concentration, external recirculation flow, sludge flow extracted from the primary clarifier and excess sludge flow from the secondary clarifier) of the treatment plant control loops. The control algorithm has two distinct parts: the first part consists of computing the optimal aforementioned setpoints, based on the mathematical model of the treatment plant developed in SIMBA. For optimization (performed with genetic algorithms) an aggregate performance criterion that takes into consideration the quality of the effluent, the cost of the wastewater treatment as well as the percentage exceeding of the main parameters of the treated water was used; the second part consists of computing the optimal setpoint set which will be further applied directly in the process based on the membership to the current operating regime. The computation of the membership degrees to the current operating regime was performed with a fuzzification block, based on the information about the inflow rate in the biological treatment plant. For simulations, three data files of the influent were created, aiming at determining the optimal setpoints in each operating regime, and a fourth one containing an influent scenario able to globally test the system operation. The obtained results showed the efficiency of the biological treatment, the effluent quality index being about ten times lower than that of the influent. Furthermore, the genetic algorithm used in optimization determines accurately enough the minimum value of the performance criterion in the case of each pluviometric regime, the lowest value of the performance criterion being obtained in DRY operating regime and the highest values in RAIN and STORM regimes. This is mainly due to the increase of the treatment cost and to small exceeding of the limits of several quality parameters such as chemical oxygen demand and ammonium concentration in the two regimes mentioned above. The fuzzification block aims to achieve a smooth transition from one operating regime to another, thus determining easier operating regimes of the treatment plant actuators and contributing to the increase of their life cycle.

Nitrogen nutrient removals from wastewater and river water

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Abdul-Rahman ◽  
H. Tsuno ◽  
N. Zainol
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
River Water ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Total N ◽  
Chlorinated Organics

Elevated levels of nutrients in agroindustry wastewaters, and higher reliance on chlorination pose health threats due to formation of chlorinated organics as well as increased chlorination costs. Removals of ammonium and nitrate compounds were studied using activated carbon from palm shells, as adsorbent and support media. Experiments were carried out at several loadings, F:M from 0.31 to 0.58, and hydraulic residence times (HRT) of 24 h, 12 h and 8 h. Results show that the wastewater treatment process achieved removals of over 90% for COD and 62% for Total-N. Studies on removals from river water were carried out in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and activated carbon biofilm (ACB) reactor. Removals achieved by the SBR adsorption-biodegradation combination were 67.0% for COD, 58.8% for NH3-N and 25.5% for NO3-N while for adsorption alone the removals were only 37.0% for COD, 35.2% for NH3-N and 13.8% for NO3-N. In the ACB reactor, at HRT of 1.5 to 6 h, removals ranged from 12.5 to 100% for COD, 16.7 to 100% for NO3-N and 13.5 to 100% for NH3-N. Significant decrease in removals was shown at lower HRT. The studies have shown that substantial removals of COD, NO3-N and NH3-N from both wastewater and river water may be achieved via adsorption-biodegradation by biofilm on activated carbon processes.

Detection of unusual data in online monitoring of wastewater processing

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
T. Kanaya ◽  
K. Hirabayashi ◽  
I. Fujita ◽  
K. Tsumura
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Limit Values

A basic of process control is to understand process conditions with measuring instruments and to operate processes so as to realize target conditions. If input measured values were inaccurate, output of manipulated variables would become improper and, as a result, it would be difficult to bring the process to the desired condition. In the wastewater treatment process, thanks to the latest progress in sensor technology, numerous automatic measuring instruments have been introduced. However, because of adverse environmental conditions peculiar to the wastewater treatment process such as slime-contaminated sensing elements, long-term continuous measurement is rather difficult. We believe such disadvantages in the measurement are making automatic control of the process very difficult to achieve. Under such circumstances, we have developed a detection system for unusual data which automatically checks six items of deviation from upper and lower limit values, rate of change (too much or too little), collating data from similar measuring instruments, etc. based on the measuring data of the last 30 days. With this system, validity of the accumulated data is being checked using measuring data. Accordingly, it enables us to deal with characteristics of measuring instruments, situations of wastewater treatment plants, seasonal changes, etc. automatically. In this report, automatic methods to establish judgement criteria, structure of this detection system and logic of detection of unusual data are introduced. Furthermore, test results with the data collected from actual wastewater treatment plants are covered.

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