Electrospinning of polyaniline-polyacrylonitrile blend nanofibers

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Raeesi ◽  
Mahdi Nouri ◽  
Akbar Khodaparast Haghi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Fibrous Structure ◽  
Emeraldine Base ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Composition Ratios ◽  
Pan Fibers

AbstractElectrospinning of emeraldine base polyaniline/polyacrylonitrile (PANI/PAN) blends with different composition ratios were performed using Nmethyl- 2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent. The blends were electrospun at various electrospinning temperature and electric fields. Morphology and fibers diameters were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The average diameter of nanofibers and their distributions were determined from 100 measurements of the random fibers with image analyzer software (manual microstructure distance measurement). Electrical conductivity of the prepared mats was characterized using standard four point probe method. The fibers with diameter ranging from 60 to 600 nm were obtained. The PANI/PAN blends containing up to the PANI content of 30% could be electrospun into the continuous fibrous structure, although pure PANI solution was not able to be electrospun into the fibrous structure. Average of fiber diameter decreased with increasing PANI content and electrospinning temperature. The electrospun PANI/PAN fibers at 50 °C and 75 °C showed smaller diameters with much better uniformity than those electrospun at 25 °C. The electrical conductivity of the mats increased with the increase of PANI content in the blend with percolation threshold of 0.5%.

Polycaprolactone Fiber Bundles Prepared by Self-Bundling Electrospinning

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patcharaporn Thitiwongsawet ◽  
Tanwa Tiyajalearn ◽  
Aumnart Klinchan ◽  
Chaninporn Thanatthammachote
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Average Fiber Diameter ◽  
Electrospinning Technique

Polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber bundles were successfully prepared by self-bundling electrospinning technique from two different concentrations (i.e. 12% and 15% w/v) of PCL solution. Self-bundling of electrospun fibers was induced by used of a grounded needle tip at the beginning of electrospinning process. Electrical conductivity of PCL solutions were increased and average fiber diameter were decreased by addition and increasing amount of pyridinium formate (PF) at concentration of 3, 4, and 5% w/v into either 12% or 15% w/v PCL solutions. The average diameter of electrospun fibers and bundles were in range of 2.1-3.3 m and 100-120 m, respectively.

Characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Polyaniline Blend Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2191-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Xi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Emeraldine Base ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Benzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid

In this study a solution-blend method is adopted to prepare conductive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyaniline doped with dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (PVA/PANI-DBSA) blend films. Emeraldine base (EB)-type polyaniline (PANI) is dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and then blended with PVA/dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) solution by various amounts. The morphological structures and characterized of the films were observed via scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Electrical properties of the blends were characterized by means of electrical conductivity measurements. It is found that the electrical conductivity and the thermal degradation onset temperature of the PVA/PANI-DBSA blend film are increased as the amount of PANI-DBSA is increased.

scholarly journals High Throughput Centrifugal Electrospinning of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Carbon Fiber Nonwovens

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
Andreas Hoffmann ◽  
Alexander J. C. Kuehne
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Carbon Precursor ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Radial Forces ◽  
Fiber Deposition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pan Fibers

Carbon nanofiber nonwovens are promising materials for electrode or filtration applications; however, their utilization is obviated by a lack of high throughput production methods. In this study, we utilize a highly effective high-throughput method for the fabrication of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers as a nonwoven on a dedicated substrate. The method employs rotational-, air pressure- and electrostatic forces to produce fibers from the inner edge of a rotating bell towards a flat collector. We investigate the impact of all above-mentioned forces on the fiber diameter, morphology, and bundling of the carbon-precursor PAN fibers. The interplay of radial forces with collector-facing forces has an influence on the uniformity of fiber deposition. Finally, the obtained PAN nanofibers are converted to carbon nonwovens by thermal treatment.

scholarly journals Micropipette-Based Microfluidic Device for Monodisperse Microbubbles Generation

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Carlos Toshiyuki Matsumi ◽  
Wilson José da Silva ◽  
Fábio Kurt Schneider ◽  
Joaquim Miguel Maia ◽  
Rigoberto E. M. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Average Size

Microbubbles have various applications including their use as carrier agents for localized delivery of genes and drugs and in medical diagnostic imagery. Various techniques are used for the production of monodisperse microbubbles including the Gyratory, the coaxial electro-hydrodynamic atomization (CEHDA), the sonication methods, and the use of microfluidic devices. Some of these techniques require safety procedures during the application of intense electric fields (e.g., CEHDA) or soft lithography equipment for the production of microfluidic devices. This study presents a hybrid manufacturing process using micropipettes and 3D printing for the construction of a T-Junction microfluidic device resulting in simple and low cost generation of monodisperse microbubbles. In this work, microbubbles with an average size of 16.6 to 57.7 μm and a polydispersity index (PDI) between 0.47% and 1.06% were generated. When the device is used at higher bubble production rate, the average diameter was 42.8 μm with increased PDI of 3.13%. In addition, a second-order polynomial characteristic curve useful to estimate micropipette internal diameter necessary to generate a desired microbubble size is presented and a linear relationship between the ratio of gaseous and liquid phases flows and the ratio of microbubble and micropipette diameters (i.e., Qg/Ql and Db/Dp) was found.

scholarly journals SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOFIBER KOMPOSIT Zn-PVDF KOPOLIMER

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Yelfira Sari ◽  
Muhamad Nasir ◽  
Chandra Risdian ◽  
Syukri Syukri
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nanofiber Composite ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Electrospinning Method

Sintesis nanofiber komposit Zn-PVDF kopolimer dengan metoda elektrospinning telah berhasil dilakukan. Proses pembuatan nanofiber komposit serta  morfologi yang terbentuk dipengaruhi oleh penambahan Zn-asetat dengan perubahan diameter rata-rata serat dari 357,13 nm menjadi 777,24 nm. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan bahwa struktur kristal nanofiber komposit Zn-PVDF kopolimer didominasi oleh strukturβ-phase, dengan bilangan gelombang 1190,08 cm-1 dan 487,99 cm-1 untuk struktur α-phase dan 1404,18 cm-1; 1280,73 cm-1; 1074,35 cm-1; 881,47 cm-1; dan 840,96 cm-1 untuk struktur β-phase.Kata kunci :nanofiber komposit, Zn-PVDF kopolimer komposit, elektrospinning,kristal struktur, morfologi, diameter fiber The fabrication of Zn-PVDF copolymer nanofiber composite has been investigated in this research study by using electrospinning method. Fabrication and morphology of nanofiber composite is influenced by the addition of Zn-acetate. The average diameter of nanofiber composites increase with an addition of Zn-acetate, from 357,13 to 777,24nm. FTIRanalysisshowedthat thecrystalstructure ofPVDFnanofiberis dominatedby β-phase , thewave number 1190,08 cm-1 and 487,99 cm-1 for α-phase structure and 1404,18cm-1; 1280,73cm-1; 1074,35cm-1; 881,47cm-1and840,96cm-1 for β-phase structure respectively.Key words : nanofiber composite, Zn-PVDF copolymer composite, electrospinning, crystal structure,  morphology, fiber diameter

scholarly journals The thermal and electrical conductivity of a single crystal of aluminium

1927 ◽  
Vol 115 (770) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
The Third ◽  
Physical Laboratory

The recent work of Carpenter and Elam on the growth of single crystals of large dimensions has rendered possible the study of the physical constants of single crystals of the commoner metals, and the present communication describes the determination of the thermal and electrical conductivity of aluminium in the form of an isolated crystal. The form of the crystal investigated is shown in fig. 1. This crystal had been prepared at the National Physical Laboratory employing the technique described by Carpenter in “Nature,” p. 266, August 21, 1926, which briefly is as follows:— The test specimen is machined and subjected to three treatments, thermal, mechanical, and thermal. The first treatment is necessary to soften the metal completely and produce new equiaxed crystals of so far as possible uniform size, the average diameter being 1/150 inch. The second consists in straining these crystals to the required amount, and the third in heating the strained crystals to the requisite temperature, so that the potentiality of growth conferred by strain could be brought fully into operation.

Age-Hardening Characteristics of Cu-3Ag-0.5Zr Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chenna Krishna ◽  
K. Thomas Tharian ◽  
Bhanu Pant ◽  
Ravi S. Kottada
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Liquid Rocket

Among the copper alloys, the Cu-3Ag-0.5Zr alloy is one of the potential candidates for combustion chamber of liquid rocket engine because of its optimum combination of high strength with thermal conductivity. The present study is a detailed characterization of microstructure, strength, and electrical conductivity during the aging treatment. The aging cycle for Cu-3Ag-0.5Zr alloy after the solution treatment (ST) was optimized to obtain higher hardness without compromising on electrical conductivity. The precipitates responsible for strengthening in aged samples are identified as nanocrystalline Ag precipitates with an average diameter of 9.0±2.0 nm.

Electrical Conductivity of VGCF/ Aluminum Composites Fabricated by Electro Spark Sintering

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 729-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Sasaki ◽  
Fumiaki Kondo ◽  
Kazuhiro Matsugi ◽  
Osamu Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Aluminum Powders

Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) was sleaved in acetone with ultrasonic vibration. Then pure aluminum powders with 3 μm in average diameter was poured into VGCF containing acetone and mixed with ultrasonic vibration. The composites were fabricated by electro spark sintering. The strength, rigidity, electrical conductivity and microstructure of the composites was investigated. VGCF was distributed uniformly and no pores was observed in composite. As increasing the volume fraction of VGCF in composites, the strength of composites increased gradually but the elongation decreased. The electrical resistivity of the composites increased as increasing VGCF content, constantly. The theoretical resistivity of composites without residual stress is lower than that of experimental results. It seems that is caused by the high dislocation density and strain introduced by big difference of thermal expansion between VGCF and pure aluminum.

scholarly journals Electrospinning of Ultrafine Conducting Polymer Composite Nanofibers with Diameter Less than 70 nm as High Sensitive Gas Sensor

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiong Wang ◽  
Jie Fu ◽  
Ruiqiang Liu ◽  
Hongwei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Ultrafine Fibers ◽  
Ammonia Sensing ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Ultrafine Nanofibers ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Polyvinyl alcohol/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PVA/PEDOT:PSS) composite ultrafine fibers were successfully fabricated by high pressure airflow assisted electrospinning. The electrical properties of PVA/PEDOT:PSS nanofibers with different diameters were characterized. The average diameter of the nanofibers can be down to 68 nm. Due to its large specific surface area, ammonia sensing of the ultrafine nanofibers is more sensitive than the traditional electrospun fibers (average fiber diameter of 263 nm). The ammonia sensing properties of the samples were tested by impedance analysis. The results show that ultrafine PVA/PEDOT:PSS nanofibers are more suitable for detecting low concentrations of ammonia with higher sensitivity.

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