scholarly journals The status of adolescent medicine: building a global adolescent workforce

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana Lee ◽  
Krishna K. Upadhya ◽  
Pamela A. Matson ◽  
Hoover Adger ◽  
Maria E. Trent
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Global Workforce

Abstract Remarkable public health achievements to reduce infant and child mortality as well as improve the health and well-being of children worldwide have successfully resulted in increased survival and a growing population of young people aged 10–24 years. Population trends indicate that the current generation of 1.8 billion young people is the largest in history. However, there is a scarcity of dedicated resources available to effectively meet the health needs of adolescents and young adults worldwide. Growing recognition of the pivotal roles young people play in the cultures, societies, and countries in which they live has spurred an expanding global movement to address the needs of this special population. Building an effective global workforce of highly-skilled adolescent health professionals who understand the unique biological, psychological, behavioral, social, and environmental factors that affect the health of adolescents is a critical step in addressing the health needs of the growing cohort of young people. In this review, we aim to: 1) define a global assessment of the health needs for adolescents around the world; 2) describe examples of current training programs and requirements in adolescent medicine; 3) identify existing gaps and barriers to develop an effective adolescent health workforce; and 4) develop a call for targeted actions to build capacity of the adolescent health workforce, broaden culturally relevant research and evidence-based intervention strategies, and reinforce existing interdisciplinary global networks of youth advocates and adolescent health professionals to maximize the opportunities for training, research, and care delivery.

scholarly journals Doing relationships and sexuality education with young people in state care

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbey Hyde ◽  
Deirdre Fullerton ◽  
Caroline McKeown ◽  
Maria Lohan ◽  
Laura Dunne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Analytical Strategy

Background: Existing literature indicates that young people in state care have particular sexual health needs that include addressing their social and emotional well-being, yet little has been published as to how these components of sex education are actually delivered by service-providers. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the processes involved in delivering relationship and sexuality education to young people in state care from the perspectives of a sample of service-providers with a role in sexual health-care delivery. Design: Qualitative methodological strategy. Setting: Service-delivery sites at urban and rural locations in Ireland. Method: A total of 22 service-providers were interviewed in depth, and data were analysed using a qualitative analytical strategy resembling modified analytical induction. Findings: Participants proffered their perceptions and examples of their practices of sex education in relation to the following themes: (1) acknowledging the multi-dimensional nature of sexual health in the case of young people in care; (2) personal and emotional development education to address poor self-esteem, emotional disconnectedness and an inability to recognise and express emotions; (3) social skills’ education as part of a repertoire of competencies needed to negotiate relationships and safer sex; (4) the application of positive social skills embedded in everyday social situations; and (5) factual sexuality education. Conclusion: Insights into service-providers’ perceptions of the multi-dimensional nature of the sexual health needs of young people in state care, and the ways in which these service-providers justified their practice make visible the complex character of sex education and the degree of skill required to deliver it to those in state care.

scholarly journals Supporting the emotional needs of young people in care: a qualitative study of foster carer perspectives

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e033317
Author(s):  
Rachel M Hiller ◽  
Sarah L Halligan ◽  
Richard Meiser-Stedman ◽  
Elizabeth Elliott ◽  
Emily Rutter-Eley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Qualitative Focus Groups

ObjectivesYoung people who have been removed from their family home and placed in care have often experienced maltreatment and there is well-developed evidence of poor psychological outcomes. Once in care, foster carers often become the adult who provides day-to-day support, yet we know little about how they provide this support or the challenges to and facilitators of promoting better quality carer–child relationships. The aim of this study was to understand how carers support the emotional needs of the young people in their care and their views on barriers and opportunities for support.Design and participantsParticipants were 21 UK foster carers, recruited from a local authority in England. They were predominantly female (86%), aged 42–65 years old and ranged from those who were relatively new to the profession (<12 months’ experience) to those with over 30 years of experience as a carer. We ran three qualitative focus groups to gather in-depth information about their views on supporting their foster children’s emotional well-being. Participants also completed short questionnaires about their training experiences and sense of competence.ResultsOnly half of the sample strongly endorsed feeling competent in managing the emotional needs of their foster children. While all had completed extensive training, especially on attachment, diagnosis-specific training for mental health problems (eg, trauma-related distress, depression) was less common. Thematic analysis showed consistent themes around the significant barriers carers faced navigating social care and mental health systems, and mixed views around the best way to support young people, particularly those with complex mental health needs and in relation to reminders of their early experiences.ConclusionsFindings have important implications for practice and policy around carer training and support, as well as for how services support the mental health needs of young people in care.

scholarly journals Advancing the Population Needs-Based Health Workforce Planning Methodology: A Simulation Tool for Country Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2113
Author(s):  
James Asamani ◽  
Christmal Christmals ◽  
Gerda Reitsma
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Health Workforce Planning

Although the conceptual underpinnings of needs-based health workforce planning have developed over the last two decades, lingering gaps in empirical models and lack of open access tools have partly constrained its uptake in health workforce planning processes in countries. This paper presents an advanced empirical framework for the need-based approach to health workforce planning with an open-access simulation tool in Microsoft® Excel to facilitate real-life health workforce planning in countries. Two fundamental mathematical models are used to quantify the supply of, and need for, health professionals, respectively. The supply-side model is based on a stock-and-flow process, and the need-side model extents a previously published analytical frameworks using the population health needs-based approach. We integrate the supply and need analyses by comparing them to establish the gaps in both absolute and relative terms, and then explore their cost implications for health workforce policy and strategy. To illustrate its use, the model was used to simulate a real-life example using midwives and obstetricians/gynaecologists in the context of maternal and new-born care in Ghana. Sensitivity analysis showed that if a constant level of health was assumed (as in previous works), the need for health professionals could have been underestimated in the long-term. Towards universal health coverage, the findings reveal a need to adopt the need-based approach for HWF planning and to adjust HWF supply in line with population health needs.

scholarly journals Burnout em Profissionais da Saúde Portugueses: Uma Análise a Nível Nacional

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Marôco ◽  
Ana Lúcia Marôco ◽  
Ema Leite ◽  
Cristina Bastos ◽  
Maria José Vazão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
National Level ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Personalized Health

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Burnout is a psychological syndrome, characterized by a state of high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization and low personal accomplishment, which leads to erosion of personal, professional and health values. This study reports the incidence of burnout in Portuguese Healthcare professionals.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Burnout in Portugal’s health professionals was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey, using a zero (never) to six (always) ordinal scale, on a sample of 1 262 nurses and 466 physicians with mean age of 36.8 year (SD = 12.2) and 38.7 (SD = 11.0), respectively. Participants came from all national districts (35% Lisbon, 18% Oporto, 6% Aveiro, 6% Setúbal, 5% Coimbra, 5% Azores and Madeira), working in hospitals (54%), Families’ Health Units (30%), Personalized Health Units (8%) and other public or private institutions (8%).<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Analysis of MBI-HSS scores, stratified by district, revealed that both types of professionals had moderate to high levels of burnout (M = 3.0, SD = 1.7) with no significant differences between the two groups. Vila Real (M = 3.8, SD = 1.7) and Madeira (M = 2.5, SD = 1.5) were the regions where burnout levels were higher and lower, respectively. Burnout levels did not differ significantly between Hospital, Personalized Health Units and Families’ Health Centers. Professionals with more years in the function were less affected by Burnout (r = -0.15). No significant association was observed with the duration of the working day (r = 0.04). The strongest predictor of burnout was the perceived quality of working conditions (r = -0.35).<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> The occurrence of the burnout syndrome in Portuguese health professionals is frequent, being associated with a poor working conditions perception and reduced professional experience. The incidence of the burnout syndrome shows regional differences which may be associated with different and suboptimal conditions for health care delivery. Results suggest the need for interventions aimed at improving working conditions and initial job training of health professionals, as requisites for a good professional practice and personal well-being.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> At the national level, between 2011 and 2013, 21.6% of healthcare professionals showed moderate burnout and 47.8% showed high burnout. The perception of poor working conditions was the main predictor of burnout occurrence among the Portuguese health professionals.</p>

The role of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine in training of health professionals

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Carol A. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Adult Health

Abstract The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine (SAHM) was created by health professionals committed to identifying and better addressing the health needs of adolescents and young adults, and this work has continued for nearly 50 years. The society initially focused primarily on clinical education, but has evolved to include educational activities providing clinical, research, policy, advocacy, and professional development content. Strategies have included high-quality annual meetings designed to meet the educational needs of its multi-disciplinary membership, publishing an internationally recognized journal, and developing strategic collaborations to advocate for legitimacy of the field and reform in health profession education. Historically, SAHM has been most successful at increasing specialized training in the United States among physicians, and primarily pediatricians, likely driven by the nuances of the development of adolescent medicine in this country. Successes are often linked to strategic collaborations with other professional organizations, and have been facilitated by federally funded initiatives to improve adolescent and young adult health. Recent efforts to improve professional training are focused on the use of technology, and SAHM is also currently exploring strategies to directly reach adolescents, young adults, and their parents. As the society becomes increasingly multidisciplinary and international, members have extraordinary opportunities to learn from each other, build upon lessons learned, and collaborate. Descriptions of the history of SAHM’s training-focused efforts, selected highlights, and current priorities will be used to illustrate this long-standing commitment to the training of health professionals.

scholarly journals Adolescent Health needs - Special attention and a New Subspeciality - Adolescent Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-446
Author(s):  
BH Nazma Yasmeen
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Health ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Medical College

Abstract Not Available Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.11 (2) Jan 2020: 443- 446

scholarly journals Advancing the Curriculum for Young People who have an Intellectual Disability. Advocacy in Health: A Pilot Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Carrington ◽  
Nick Lennox
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Self Advocacy ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Health Diary

This article reports on the pilot work for a collaborative National Health and Medical Research Council project in Australia involving education and health professionals to improve the health and well-being of young people who have an intellectual disability. The pilot study was a qualitative exploration of teacher experiences using a health diary as part of the special education curriculum over a six-month period. The research questions were: (1) How did teachers include health-related matters in the curriculum before use of the Ask Health Diary?; and (2) How did teachers and students use the Ask Health Diary as a component of the school curriculum and what were the benefits? The Ask Health Diary was used to introduce students to the concept of self-advocacy in relation to their health needs and provide practical strategies for supporting students’ learning about self-advocacy in relation to their health. The reported data indicates that the Ask Health Diary was a popular resource for students and teachers and raised awareness of the importance of developing the communication skills and independent living abilities necessary for young people to advocate for their own health needs. The pilot study indicates that there is merit in including the diary in a health-based school curriculum for adolescents who have an intellectual disability.

Adolescent health in South America

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Gaete
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
South America ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Health Training ◽  
The Status ◽  
Comprehensive Health

Abstract Since the 1950s, a significant amount of work has been done on behalf of the comprehensive health of young people in South America. This article focuses on the regional process of training health professionals to work with this age group. There are countries in which the growth of adolescent health training has been significant, others that have made progress but still have a narrower offer of teaching activities, and a few where only very basic and limited training is available. Latin American professional associations, scientific societies, and international organizations have also contributed to the education of the adolescent health work force. Although the training in the region has advanced in some countries to the point that there is specialization in adolescent medicine, much remains to be done. Certain regional conditions have contributed to the education of providers in adolescent care. The most important has been the existence of professionals who have been highly motivated to improve the health of young people. They have worked very hard and with great commitment to achieve this goal. There have also been important obstacles to educating professionals in adolescent care. Aside from the usual lack of funding, barriers have existed in the health care system and its providers, as well as the training entities and because of certain South American conditions. Finally, this article describes the regional adolescent medicine programs and the status of recognition of this specialty, and addresses the opportunities and challenges for adolescent health training.

scholarly journals Using Participatory Design Methodologies to Co-Design and Culturally Adapt the Spanish Version of the Mental Health eClinic: Qualitative Study

10.2196/14127 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. e14127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ospina-Pinillos ◽  
Tracey Davenport ◽  
Antonio Mendoza Diaz ◽  
Alvaro Navarro-Mancilla ◽  
Elizabeth M Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
English Speaking

Background The Mental Health eClinic (MHeC) aims to deliver best-practice clinical services to young people experiencing mental health problems by making clinical care accessible, affordable, and available to young people whenever and wherever they need it most. The original MHeC consists of home page with a visible triage system for those requiring urgent help; a online physical and mental health self-report assessment; a results dashboard; a booking and videoconferencing system; and the generation of a personalized well-being plan. Populations who do not speak English and reside in English-speaking countries are less likely to receive mental health care. In Australia, international students have been identified as disadvantaged compared with their peers; have weaker social support networks; and have higher rates of psychological distress. This scenario is acquiring significant relevance as Spanish-speaking migration is rapidly growing in Australia, and the mental health services for culturally and linguistically diverse populations are limited. Having a Spanish version (MHeC-S) of the Mental Health eClinic would greatly benefit these students. Objective We used participatory design methodologies with users (young people aged 16-30 years, supportive others, and health professionals) to (1) conduct workshops with users to co-design and culturally adapt the MHeC; (2) inform the development of the MHeC-S alpha prototype; (3) test the usability of the MHeC-S alpha prototype; (4) translate, culturally adapt, and face-validate the MHeC-S self-report assessment; and (5) collect information to inform its beta prototype. Methods A research and development cycle included several participatory design phases: co-design workshops; knowledge translation; language translation and cultural adaptation; and rapid prototyping and user testing of the MHeC-S alpha prototype. Results We held 2 co-design workshops with 17 users (10 young people, 7 health professionals). A total of 15 participated in the one-on-one user testing sessions (7 young people, 5 health professionals, 3 supportive others). We collected 225 source documents, and thematic analysis resulted in 5 main themes (help-seeking barriers, technology platform, functionality, content, and user interface). A random sample of 106 source documents analyzed by 2 independent raters revealed almost perfect agreement for functionality (kappa=.86; P<.001) and content (kappa=.92; P<.001) and substantial agreement for the user interface (kappa=.785; P<.001). In this random sample, no annotations were coded for help-seeking barriers or the technology platform. Language was identified as the main barrier to getting medical or psychological services, and smartphones were the most-used device to access the internet. Acceptability was adequate for the prototype’s 5 main elements: home page and triage system, self-report assessment, dashboard of results, booking and video visit system, and personalized well-being plan. The data also revealed gaps in the alpha prototype, such as the need for tailored assessment tools and a greater integration with Spanish-speaking services and communities. Spanish-language apps and e-tools, as well as online mental health information, were lacking. Conclusions Through a research and development process, we co-designed and culturally adapted, developed and user tested, and evaluated the MHeC-S. By translating and culturally adapting the MHeC to Spanish, we aimed to increase accessibility and availability of e-mental health care in the developing world, and assist vulnerable populations that have migrated to English-speaking countries.

Adolescent health and well-being

2020 ◽  
pp. 759-770
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Health And Well Being

Adolescent health is a growing specialty on a background of widespread recognition that this group of young people have their own unique psychological/social characteristics and health issues that require well-informed support. This chapter provides an overview of adolescent health.

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