Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extract of Daniella oliveri leaves in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Okwudili Onoja ◽  
Gideon Kelechi Madubuike ◽  
Maxwell Ikechukwu Ezeja
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Photometric Assay ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe hepatoprotective activity was investigated using carbon tetrachloride (CClThe pretreatment with extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) and silymarin (100 mg/kg) produced a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent increase in hepatoprotective activity when compared with the negative control group. The extract (25–400 μg/mL concentration) produced a concentration-dependent increase in antioxidant activity in 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) photometric assay. The ICThe results of the study suggest that

scholarly journals Anti-nociceptive Potential of Ethanol Extract of Terminalia macroptera Guill&Perr (Combretaceae) Stem Bark in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
S.A. Atunwa ◽  
M.O. Amali ◽  
S.O. Lawal ◽  
S.O. Usman ◽  
A.I. Olapade
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Terminalia macroptera Guill. &Perr. (Combretaceae) is a flowering plant with several ethno-medicinal claims. However, the dearth of information on its analgesic property has necessitated this study.Objectives: to evaluate the anti-nociceptive potential of ethanol extract of Terminalia macroptera stem bark (TMSB) in mice.Materials and Methods: Male and female mice of weight range 22 – 25g were randomly allotted into seven groups (n= 5) and treated as follows: Group I received 0.5 mL distilled water orally (negative control), Groups II-V were orally administered ethanol extract of T. macroptera stem bark (TMSB) at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg respectively while groups VI-VII received piroxicam 10 mg/kg and pentazocine 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally respectively as standards. The same treatment pattern was adopted for both pain models: tail immersion and acetic acid-induced writhing assays. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s and Bonferroni's multiple comparisons tests with p < 0.05 taken as significance.Results: The ethanolic extract of Terminalia macroptera stem bark showed significant dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activity at 100 and 400 mg/kg (2.95±0.41 and 2.9±0.31 respectively) 60 min post-treatment compared to the negative control group in the tail immersion test. Significant inhibition of nociception (0.20±0.20) was obtained at 400 mg/kg compared to the negative control group in the acetic acid-induced writhing test.Conclusions: The ethanol extract of Terminalia macroptera stem bark exhibited dose-dependent anti-nociceptive potential in both tail immersion and acetic acid-induced writhing assays in mice.

The Effect of Different Extracts of Beetroots as Antioxidant and Anti-Anaemia On Phenylhydrazine-Induced Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti ◽  
Lusi Putri Dwita ◽  
Dimas W. Wisnunanda ◽  
Fanny Farista
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Abstract Aim evaluate antioxidant and anti-anaemia activity of dichloromethane, hydroethanolic, and alkaloids-free hydroethanolic extracts of beetroot (Beta vulgaris (L.) subsp. vulgaris) on phenylhydrazine-induced rats. Methods Male rats were divided into five groups: normal control group, negative control group, dichloromethane extract group, hydroethanolic extract group, and alkaloids-free hydroethanolic extract group. All groups were induced with phenylhydrazine (30 mg.Kg−1 BW) for three days, except for the normal control group. After induction, each treatment group received each extract (200 mg.Kg−1 BW) for 21 days. The haematology parameters (haemoglobin levels, the number of erythrocytes, and haematocrit levels) were measured using Haematology Analyzer, and the antioxidant activity was measured through MDA level parameters in rats. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and then continued with the Tukey test. Results The results showed that the hydroethanolic extract of beetroot increased the percentage of erythrocytes (33.5%), haemoglobin (25%), and haematocrit (24.4%) to the negative control group, which was comparable to the normal control group (p > 0.05). In addition, the best antioxidant activity was shown in the hydroethanolic extract of beetroot, which is comparable to the normal group (p > 0.05). Conclusion The beetroot hydroethanolic crude extract could be potentially produced in a natural pharmaceutical product as a beneficial resource within anti-anaemia and antioxidant activities.

Gastro-protective effects of camel milk on indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Mansouria Belhocine ◽  
Abdelkader Homrani ◽  
Fatima Azzouz Azzouz ◽  
Chahrazed Sakmeche
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Ulcer Index

Gastric ulcer associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and low-dose aspirin is a major public health problem. The present study was undertaken to determine the camel milk antioxidant activity, tested on DPPH, and its gastro-protective effect, investigated in Wistar rats sub-jected to gastric ulcer induced by a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, indomethacin. The study was performed on 20 adult male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups of 5 rats each. The negative control group received distilled water, the positive control group received indomethacin, the standard group received ranitidine and the fourth group was pretreated with raw camel milk, for 15 days respectively. On the 16th day, the indomethacin was ad-ministered to all rats except those of the negative control group. The ulcerogenic effect of indomethacin was highly significant, evidenced by a large number of ulcer lesions, a remarkably high ulcer index, and an important decrease in adherent gastric mucus. Camel milk resulted in significant gastro-protection compared to indomethacin ulcerated rats as manifested by significant decrease in ulcerative lesions number, and the ulcer index with a restored gastric mucus wall. The camel milk protection percentage is close to that of ranitidine. Additionally, in indomethacin-injured rats an increase in white blood cells, granulocytes, serum transaminases, and hemoglobin levels with a lowering in red blood cells were reported. These physiological disturbances were recovered by camel milk. Camel milk seemed to have gastro-protective effect, probably through its strong antioxidant activity, and may be recommended to patients with arthritis.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Antioxidant Potential of Trimetazidine in Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Haribhau Mate ◽  
Vijaya Anil Pandit ◽  
Pradnya Hemant Padalkar ◽  
Chetan Shrirang More ◽  
Kapil S Khade
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Introduction: Exposure to various drugs and chemicals lead to oxidative stress. Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) produces rise in oxidative stress leading to hepatic damage. The drug Trimetazidine (TMZ) shows hepatoprotective activity but its mechanism is not known. The present study would help in establishing antioxidant activity of TMZ as probable mechanism. Aim: To evaluate the antioxidant potential of TMZ in CCl4 induced oxidative stress when given prophylactically/therapeutically in rats. Materials and Methods: An experimental animal study was conducted on 80 adult Wistar rats of either sex (weight-150 to 200 gm) from March 2010 to December 2010 in Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Randomly, all animals were grouped into 10 equal groups. Group i was normal control (received only water). To induce oxidative stress CCl4 (0.5 mL/kg/d i.p.) was given to all the animals of Group ii to Group x for seven days. The TMZ was given in two doses, TMZ1 (5 mg/kg orally for Group iii and vii) and TMZ2 (10 mg/kg orally for Group iv and viii). Positive standard control (Group v and Group ix) received Liv.52 (1 mL/kg orally). Group vi and Group x received combination of TMZ1 (5 mg/kg orally)+Liv.52 (1 mL/kg orally). Drug treatment was given to animals in group iii, iv, v and vi for 1-14 days (preventive group) and in group vii, viii, ix and x from day 8 to day 14 (therapeutic group). On 15th day, rats were sacrificed and dissected for collection of liver. Part of the livers was homogenised to assess oxidative stress marker enzymes Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) spectrophotometrically. Statistical analysis was done with one- way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc analysis (Dunnett’s test) using GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. Results: Trimetazidine (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced MDA levels and increased SOD levels when compared with CCl4 treated group suggested antioxidant activity. Combined administration of Liv.52 and TMZ1 also reduced oxidative stress and increased antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Results of the present study suggested that increased oxidative stress was significantly attenuated by drug TMZ in dose dependant manner when compared with the CCl4 group. The antioxidant potential of prophylactic and therapeutic administration of TMZ was comparable. The increased antioxidant effect by Liv.52+TMZ1 combination was only due to the additive antioxidant effects of Liv.52 and TMZ or any other mechanism was involved, needs to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals Study of the probable genotoxic effects of Zolone (Phosalone) exposure in mice bone marrow derived cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohre Khodabandeh ◽  
Mahmoud Etebari ◽  
Mehdi Aliomrani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Red Bone Marrow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Marrow Derived Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background and aim Approximately, 2 million tonnes of pesticides are utilized annually worldwide. Phosalone (Pln), an organophosphorus pesticide, acts as an insecticide and acaricide to control pests of crops such as nuts, citrus fruits, pomegranates, stone fruits, grapes, potatoes, and artichokes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible genotoxic effects following exposure to Pln in the cells derived from mouse red bone marrow. Materials and methods Sixty mice were divided into 6 groups including cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg, IP) and Pln (6, 12, 20, and 40 mg/kg) exposure by gavage. After 1 and 5 days of exposure, animals were euthanized and the genotoxicity assays were done on bone marrow extracted cells. Results Comet assay shows a time and dose-dependent toxicity which further DNA degradation is observed after 5-day exposure (p < 0.05). Also, Pln significantly increased the MnPCE/PCE ratio after 12 and 20 mg/kg administration while no significant difference was reported between the doses of 6 and 40 mg/kg BW with the negative control group. Conclusion Our results suggested a serious concern about its potential effects on biological life and related disease inductions. However further studies need to confirm the exact mechanism of Pln genotoxicity and the cause of diverse response of its activity at 40 mg/kg. This study also showed that increasing the dose of Pln reduces the MnNCE/Total cells ratio, which may indicate the possibility of bone marrow suppression. All of the above results emphasize the need to seriously limit the use of this compound as an agricultural pesticide.

scholarly journals Hypolipidemic Effect and Antioxidant Activity of Tamarind Leaves Extract in Hypercholesterol-Fed Rats

2017 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Citra Ayu Aprilia ◽  
Ghina Ninditasari ◽  
Djoko Walujo BR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Herbal Therapies

Background: Higher cost and side effects made of some anticholesterol drugs usedin long time are the reasons why some people change to herbal therapies. Tamarind(Tamarindus indica) leaves is one of the herbal therapies. This research aims to determinehypolipidemic effect and antioxidant activity of extract of tamarind leaves (ETL).Methods: We used 25 rats as samples, divided into five groups of negative control(CMC 0.5%), positive control (Ezetimibe 1.26 g/kgBW)), first, second and third doseof ETL consequently are 0.93, 1.86 and 3.73 g/kgBW.Results: Paired-samples T-test showed ETL significantly decreased total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG) level, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levelsignificantly increased compared with negative control groups (p≤0.05). Low-densitylipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level had significant difference only at second dose ofETL (p<0.05). Furthermore, the data’s difference between pre- and post-interventionwere analyzed with one-way ANOVA test in TC, TG, and HDL-C level, ETL had asignificant difference (p≤0.05), while there was no significant difference in LDL -Cbetween groups (p>0.05). Data were also analyzed by Post Hoc test. TC, TG, andHDL-C level had a significant difference between all variance ETL’s doses and positivecontrol compared with negative control group (p≤0.05). For antioxidant activity, ETLexhibited the significant reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) by pairedsamplesT-test (p≤0.05) but there was no significant difference in both of MDA andsuperoxide dismutase (SOD) level (p>0.05) analyzed by One-way ANO VA test.Conclusion: All variant of ETL’s doses have hypolipidemic effect and antioxidant activity.ETL also has similar effect with Ezetimibe. Saponin, flavonoid, epicatechin, tanin, andpolyphenol that is contained likely contribute to these pharmacologic effects.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective potentials of Picralima nitida against in vivo carbon tetrachloride-mediated hepatotoxicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Idu MacDonald ◽  
◽  
Ovuakporie-Uvo Oghale ◽  
Eze Gerald Ikechi ◽  
Okoro Amarachi Orji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

This research aimed at investigating the in vivo Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-mediated hepatotoxicity of methanolic seed extract of Picralima nitida (P. nitida) using Wistar rats. Twenty five (25) rats randomly selected into five groups of five animals were used in this research. Group 1 was administered Normal saline (Negative control); Group II was administered 1 ml of Carbon tetrachloride only (Positive control/ Reference drug); Group III, IV and V got 10 ml P. nitida extract + 1ml Carbon tetrachloride; 100 ml P. nitida extract + 1ml Carbon tetrachloride and 1000 ml P. nitida extract + 1ml Carbon tetrachloride respectively. Results show that treatment with P. nitida extract had no adverse effect on the body weight of Wistar rats. Biochemical analysis show increase in CAT and GSH which are good antioxidant agents. Photomicrographs show moderate amelioration from steatosis caused by Carbon tetrachloride in the treatment groups. Further study is recommended to verify if P. nitida seed extract can completely ameliorate and possibly reverse fat degeneration of liver cells induced by Carbon tetrachloride.

scholarly journals Analysis of SGPT and SGOT on Rats Induced By Isoniazid to Determine Dose and Hepatoprotective Characteristic of Unripe Pineapple Juice (Ananas comosus L. Merr)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Lestari Rahayu ◽  
Novi Yantih ◽  
Yoana Supomo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rat Blood ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
High Level

As a consequence of Isoniazid (INH) consumption in longterm is the damage on the liver cells which is detected in high level of SGPT and SGOT in blood. Unripe pineapple fruits contained higher level of phenolic acid and flavonoids compounds than the ripe pineapple fruits, and as a result the unripe pineapple fruits juice has higher hepatoprotective potency  than ripe pineapple fruits juice. The hepatoprotective activity of  unripe pineapple fruits juice was determined by measuring the SGPT and SGOT level on rat blood. There were prepared 24 rats, divided into 6 groups, i.e. normal control group, positive control group, negative control group, and 3 test goups that were induced  by INH and each was given the unripe pineapple fruits juice at 1 hour before and 1 hour after INH induction, with the dose of 2 mL and 4 mL. Treatment was conducted in 14 days, consecutively. To each of the rat groups, blood was taken out through the eye orbital sinus, i.e. on the first day, on the hour-0 and hour-3, and then the SGPT and SGOT level were measured. Later on, blood were taken out on the day-4, day-7, and day-14. On the rat blood that were taken out, were analyzed descriptively and statistically to determined the optimum dose and the time of the unripe pineapple fruits juice feeding in related with a hepatoprotective potency. Result showed that feeding of the unripe pineapple fruit juice 1 hour after INH induction with the dose of 2 mL during 14 days has the best hepatoprotective activity.

Anti-inflammatory activity of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit extract on rat paw edema

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manijeh Motevalian ◽  
Mehdi Shiri ◽  
Saeedeh Shiri ◽  
Zahra Shiri ◽  
Hadi Shiri
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Chronic Study ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

AbstractBackground:TheMethods:The acute and chronic anti-inflammatory effects ofResults:In the acute anti-inflammatory study, the extract showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect in a dose-dependent manner. The results of 1000 mg/kg of the extract was significantly different compared with the negative control group (p<0.05) and was comparable to sodium salicylate (p<0.05). Results from the chronic study suggested thatConclusions:Based on our findings, the

scholarly journals Test of Activities of Hepatoprotector of Senggani Leaf Ethanol Extract (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) ON RAT (Rattus Novergicus) That Induced by Paracetamol

Biospecies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yustina Yasnidar Laia ◽  
Yoridha Aulia ◽  
Mita Sahara ◽  
Maxwel Simanjuntak Masdalena
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Group I

Senggani leaves (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) are easily available plans that are sometimes used as traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the hepatotective activity of the ethanol of senggani leaves (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) on rats (Rattus Novergicus) induced by paracetamol with histopatological parameters. Making extracts was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol solution. The test animals used were 30 rats (Rattus Novergicus) which were divided into 6 groups. Group I without treatment, group II as negative control, group III as positive control, and group IV, V, and VI who were given senggani leaf extract, respectively 100 mg/Kg bb, 200 mg/Kg bb, and 400 mg/Kg bb for 7 day. On the 8 day all rats except group I, were induced paracetamol 180 mg/200 gr bb as the parent of liver demage. The resulst showed that the ethanol extract of senggani leaves at a dose of 400 mg/Kg bb was the most effective in hepatoprotective activity compared to a dose of 100 mg/Kg bb, and 200 mg/Kg bb with histopathological parameters induced by paracetamol.

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