‘You need help as usual, do you?’: Joking and swearing for collegiality in a Swedish workplace

Multilingua ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Nelson

AbstractThis paper draws on the KINSA project (The Communicative Situation of Immigrants at Swedish Workplaces), which aimed to identify communicative factors that have a positive impact on the integration of second language speakers in the workplace and in their immediate work team. The focus here is on humour and swearing as strategies for doing collegiality and for building and maintaining good relations between co-workers. The article presents data from five second language speakers, permanently employed industrial or office workers in a major Swedish company. Theoretically and methodologically, the paper has its basis in discourse analysis, interactional sociolinguistics and the ethnography of communication. By means of fieldwork, a large body of empirical data was collected, comprising detailed field notes, audio and video recordings of naturally occurring talk, and texts processed and produced by participants. The analysis of the data shows that metalinguistic and metacultural awareness and performance of relational communicative acts among the participants appear to have helped to facilitate and consolidate integration in the workplace and the immediate work team. To foster good relations at work, the five participants make strategic use of jokes, compliments, narratives, swearing and greetings. In this article the use of jokes and swearing is highlighted. It closes by making a case for future research in the area of integration in the workplace through relational communication, especially among second language speakers.

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changli Feng ◽  
Ruize Ma ◽  
Lin Jiang

PurposeWith the rise of service economy, many companies are attempting to gain a competitive advantage through service innovation. However, the existing research has not drawn consistent conclusions about the relationship between service innovation and firm performance. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative review on the service innovation-performance relationship based on research findings reported in the extant literature.Design/methodology/approachStudies from 46 peer-reviewed articles were sampled and analyzed. A meta-analytic approach was adopted to conduct a quantitative review on the relationship between service innovation and firm performance, and the effects of any potential moderators were further explored.FindingsThe results found that service innovation has a significant positive impact on firm performance. Additionally, the relationship between service innovation and firm performance is influenced by measurement moderators (economic region and performance measurement), and contextual moderators (firm type, innovation type, customer factors and attitudes toward risk).Originality/valueThe meta-analysis has been used to explore the relationship between service innovation and firm performance, and the findings have contributed to the literature on service innovation, as well as providing future research directions.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickson Hebert Odongo

Purpose This paper aims to present an analysis of the perception of performance management practices and transformations by investigating what devolved governments of Kenya are doing and ought to do after which the approaches of performance and performance management are evaluated. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive assessment of five devolved governments of Kenya is carried out. This study covered 518 respondents across the above-sampled governments. Findings The outcomes demonstrated that there are guidelines established by the counties to measure the performance of workers where tested variables about setting performance standards and performance review information against their effect on performance improvement and performance measurement, respectively, are statistically significant, and therefore have a positive impact on the eventual performance of devolved governments. Practical implications The results support scholars, practitioners and social scientists in development studies for the planning and management of public organizations. The thought of factors that enhance or impede devolved government workers’ performance can be explored in future research. Originality/value The thought of performance management perception, especially in a developing country, is a theoretical milestone.


2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Sorace

The proposal by Clahsen and Felser (CF) has the potential of marking a turning point in second language (L2) acquisition research. Contrary to much L2 research to date, it suggests that some of the differences between native and (advanced) nonnative speakers may be at the level of grammatical processing, rather than grammatical representations. Accounting for L2 speakers' divergent behavior does therefore not necessarily involve positing “representational deficits”: L2 speakers can, and indeed do, attain target representations of the L2, but may compute incomplete (“shallow”) syntactic parses in comprehension. Such shallow processing is often accompanied by reliance (or overreliance) on lexical, semantic, and pragmatic information, which can lead to seemingly trouble-free comprehension in ordinary communication. It is only when speakers are faced with sentence ambiguities, which impose a greater than normal processing load, that the differences between adult L2 language acquirers and child first language (L1) acquirers become apparent: both child and adult language learners have difficulty in integrating structural and nonstructural information in on-line comprehension, but although children prioritize structural information, adult learners privilege nonstructural lexical–semantic information. CF's proposal opens up new perspectives on the nature of ultimate attainment in adult L2 acquisition; at the same time it raises some questions that, in my view, are of crucial importance for future research.


2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Erping Wang

The effects of shared mental models on the relationship between episodic team behavioral processes and performance were investigated, while teams were using an experimentally stimulated construction project planning program. The results indicated that episodic team processes made positive contributions to the team performance. Furthermore, a hierarchical linear regression indicated that the convergence of shared teamwork mental models moderated the effects of team processes on team performance. Specifically, the positive impact of team processes on performance was found to be improved for those teams who shared more similar teamwork mental models than for teams who hold fewer similar teamwork mental models. Potential implications and relevant impacts on future research are discussed.


Author(s):  
Christine Muir ◽  
Zoltán Dörnyei ◽  
Svenja Adolphs

Abstract Role models can exert considerable influence in shaping individuals’ values, attitudes, and beliefs. A large body of work in the social sciences has investigated the influence of celebrity role models, and in the context of education, several disciplines have a rich research history in this area (e.g. medical education). However, in the context of second language acquisition, research centred on role models has largely remained on the periphery. This study presents a large-scale international survey investigating the role models of English language learners. With data collected from 8,472 participants, analysis investigated whether these learners had English language role models, who the role models were and what characteristics learners valued in them, and investigated systematic variation among subgroups. Results showed that 68 per cent of respondents reported having an English language role model, and four key role model dimensions emerged: overall command of English, paralinguistic features, personal attributes and accent/variety of English. We argue that role modelling may be a highly influential component of the psychological context of second-language acquisition, and conclude by highlighting several valuable areas for future research.


Virittäjä ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkeri Lehtimaja ◽  
Lari Kotilainen

Työelämän monikielistyessä yhä useammalla työpaikalla kohdataan haasteita, jotka liittyvät työntekijöiden rajalliseen kielitaitoon. Erityisesti korkeakoulutusta vaativat tehtävät edellyttävät abstraktien ja monitahoisten ilmiöiden kielentämistä, minkä lisäksi tilanteissa on pystyttävä ottamaan huomioon osallistujien institutionaaliset roolit ja niihin liittyvät odotukset. Tämä artikkeli tarkastelee keskustelunanalyysin keinoin, millaisia ongelmia kakkoskielisten työntekijöiden osallistumiseen liittyy kokousvuorovaikutuksessa. Aineistona käytetään erään kulttuurialan säätiön kokouksia (yhteensä 20 tuntia videomateriaalia), ja niissä tarkastellaan vuorovaikutuksen etenemisen ongelmakohtia, jotka liittyvät suomea toisena kielenä käyttävien työntekijöiden responsiivisiin vuoroihin. Tutkittavia vuoroja voidaan pitää erilinjaisina, sillä ne eivät vastaa edeltävien vuorojen niille asettamiin odotuksiin. Erilinjaisia vuoroja on kolmenlaisia: vuoroja, jotka osoittavat, ettei puhuja ole tunnistanut itseensä kohdistuvia odotuksia, vuoroja, joiden edustama toiminto on epäselvä, sekä vuoroja, joiden edustama toiminto on odotuksiin nähden riittämätön.   Analyysi osoittaa, millaisia ongelmia erilinjaiset vuorot aiheuttavat keskustelun etenemiselle: niistä seuraa esimerkiksi taukoja, uudelleenmuotoiluja tai korjausaloitteita. Muut osallistujat tulkitsevat toisinaan ongelman johtuvan kielitaidosta ja esimerkiksi vaihtavat kieltä. Kakkoskielisten puhujien erilinjaisissa vuoroissa limittyvätkin ymmärtämisen ja tuottamisen ongelmat, ja tilanteita saattaa vaikeuttaa myös institutionaalisiin rooleihin liittyvien taustaoletusten tunnistaminen. Artikkelissa osoitetaan, miten kakkoskielisissä kokouksissa tasapainoillaan työrooleja kannattelevan hienotunteisuuden ja ongelmien selvittelyä edistävän eksplisiittisyyden välillä. Mahdollisuus käyttää kieltä antaa joka tapauksessa kakkoskieliselle työntekijälle mahdollisuuden kehittää kielitaitoaan, mistä on pitkällä tähtäimellä hyötyä koko työyhteisölle.    Disaligned turns of second-language speakers in workplace meeting interaction An increasing number of workplaces face challenges related to the limited language skills of their employees. This article takes a conversation analytical view of the problems that educated second-language (L2) speakers encounter in workplace meeting inter­actions. The data employed consists of 20 hours of video recordings taken at a Finnish cultural organisation. The article concentrates on problems in the progressivity of interaction related to responsive turns produced by L2 speakers of Finnish. The problematic turns are seen as disaligned, as they do not meet the expectations projected by previous turns. Three kinds of turn are discussed: 1) turns that show that the speaker has not identified the expectations set by preceding turns, 2) turns that are unclear with regard to the activity they represent, and 3) turns that meet the expectations of previous turns inadequately. The analysis shows that disaligned turns are followed by several problems with regard to the progressivity of interaction: e.g. pauses, reformulations, or repair initiations. Occasionally, other participants interpret the problems as displays of a lack of language skills, and they react by switching language. The article illustrates practices used to deal tactfully yet effectively with problems in the progress of interaction. The article asserts that, despite these problems, the opportunity to use and practice a second language is valuable both to L2 speakers and their work community.


Author(s):  
Ha Hoang

Entrepreneurial activity is facilitated by the ties that connect founders and their venture to a broader network of actors. This insight on the value of social capital has been enriched by a large body of research that builds on core concepts of network content, governance, and structure. Network content refers to the resources, information and social support that is exchanged or flows between actors. Governance encompasses the mechanisms that organize and regulate the exchange. Network structure refers to broader patterns created from the relationships between actors. With these building blocks, key findings that have emerged over 30 years of research can be organized into two domains: how networks influence entrepreneurial outcomes and how networks develop over the entrepreneurial process. Core findings regarding the performance consequences of social capital underscore its benefits while identifying limitations due to decreasing returns to growing and maintaining a large network or to contingencies tied to the stage of the venture’s growth. Our understanding of the sources of network evolution and the resulting patterns have also developed significantly. As a motor of network change, scholars have emphasized the goal-oriented behavior of the entrepreneur, but recognize social relationships also engender mutual concern, obligation, and emotional attachment. From a focus on founder and founding team ties to start-up, small firm networks, the literature now spans multiple levels and accounts for contextual variation between industries and institutional environments. Advances within each of these domains of inquiry have led to rich insights and greater conceptual complexity. Future research opportunities will arise that leverage cross-fertilization of the process and performance research streams.


Author(s):  
Jarrett R. Bachman ◽  
John S. Hull ◽  
Byron Marlowe

The number of craft breweries in British Columbia has grown significantly in recent years,numbering over 140 in 2017. Very little is known about the effects of the craft brewery industryin British Columbia, specifically as it relates to impacts not related to brewery revenue and jobcreation. Beyond British Columbia, the craft beer industry has not empirically examined non-revenue impacts in a manner that reflects the global growth of the sector. Tourism experiences,such as those offered by craft breweries, are becoming increasingly important for resilience and sustainable growth and success of destinations. The goal of this research was to determine whovisitors to craft breweries are, how tourist and resident patrons differ, and what effects craftbreweries have on tourists who visit breweries. A 55 item survey was distributed at 11 craftbreweries in three regions in British Columbia during the summer of 2017. Results founddifferences between tourist and resident patrons in self-image congruency, age and travel partysize, but no difference in gender, education, or household income. From a tourism standpoint, itwas found that memories have a significant, positive impact on loyalty regarding the breweryand the destination. For tourists, strong connections were found between social involvement andboth authenticity and place attachment for those who were more socially involved in craft beer.Comparisons to previous research in the wine industry provide additional commentary.Implications for craft breweries, destinations, and future research in this area are discussed.


2006 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 35-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Machteld Moonen ◽  
Rick de Graaff ◽  
Gerard Westhoff

Abstract This paper presents a theoretical framework to estimate the effectiveness of second language tasks in which the focus is on the acquisition of new linguistic items, such as vocabulary or grammar, the so-called focused tasks (R. Ellis, 2003). What accounts for the learning impact offocused tasks? We shall argue that the task-based approach (e.g. Skehan, 1998, Robinson, 2001) does not provide an in-depth account of how cognitive processes, elicited by a task, foster the acquisition of new linguistic elements. We shall then review the typologies of cognitive processes derived from research on learning strategies (Chamot & O'Malley, 1994), from the involvement load hypothesis (Laufer & Hulstijn, 2001), from the depth of processing hypothesis (Craik & Lockhart, 1972) and from connectionism (e.g Broeder & Plunkett, 1997; N. Ellis, 2003). The combined insights of these typologies form the basis of the multi-feature hypothesis, which predicts that retention and ease of activation of new linguistic items are improved by mental actions which involve a wide variety of different features, simultaneously and frequently. A number of implications for future research shall be discussed.


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