Abortion Laws in Muslim Countries: Modern Reconfiguration of Pre-modern Logic

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Osman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Modern Logic ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Abortion Laws ◽  
Modernist Discourse

Abstract In most countries where Islam is acknowledged as a, or the, source of legislation, abortion is permitted under certain conditions and at certain stages of pregnancy. This article examines some of these laws and argue that they represent a continuation of the logic that governed the views of pre-modern Muslim jurists on abortion, that is, harm aversion. However, these laws also add a ‘modernist’ twist to that logic – rather than repealing that logic altogether, modernist views on ‘rights’ and the advancement of medical knowledge and technology have influenced the priorities of Muslim jurists and lawmakers as far as abortion and the issues associated with it are concerned. This influence has furthermore been possible by a conscious selection and blending of pre-modern views to serve modern concerns. In all this, however, harm aversion remains the centrifugal principle, even when the abortion discourse in Muslim countries appears couched in the modernist discourse of rights.

Medieval Egyptian Judaeo-Arabic Prescriptions (and the edition of three medical prescriptions)

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
EFRAIM LEV
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Cairo Genizah ◽  
The Middle Ages

The literature on medicine in medieval Muslim countries in general and in Egypt in particular is vast and detailed. Yet study and assessment of the practical aspects of medicine in the Mediterranean society of the Middle Ages requires examination of authentic, practical medical knowledge. At present this can be extracted mainly from the prescriptions found in the Cairo Genizah; these supply a different and valuable dimension. On the importance and the potential of research into the medical aspects of the Genizah documents, mainly prescriptions, Goitein wrote in 1971 that “these prescriptions have to be examined by experts in the history of medicine”.

Care, Labor and Medical Knowledge: Access to Health and Work in the Global Arena

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Khanna ◽  
Suzanne Morrissey ◽  
Amarah Niazi ◽  
Mirabelle Fernandes-Paul ◽  
Michele Gamburd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Labor ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
Knowledge Access

The Separation of Reviewing Knowledge from Medical Knowledge

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Musen ◽  
J. van der Lei
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Patient Record ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Arden Syntax

Abstract:The developers of reviewing systems that rely on computer-based patient-record systems as a source of data need to model reviewing knowledge and medical knowledge. We simulate how the same medical knowledge could be entered in four different systems: CARE, the Arden syntax, Essential-attending and HyperCritic. We subsequently analyze how the original knowledge is represented in the symbols or syntax used by these systems. We conclude that these systems provide different alternatives in dealing with the vocabulary provided by the computer-based patient records. In addition, the use of computer-based patient records for review poses new challenges for the content of that record: to facilitate review, the reasoning of the physician needs to be captured in addition to the actions of the physician.

Methodology of ECG Interpretation in the Padova Program

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 386-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Degani ◽  
G. Bortolan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Main Aspect ◽  
Measurement Evaluation ◽  
Possibility Distributions ◽  
Linguistic Decision Making ◽  
The University ◽  
Ecg Interpretation

AbstractThe main lines ofthe program designed for the interpretation of ECGs, developed in Padova by LADSEB-CNR with the cooperation of the Medical School of the University of Padova are described. In particular, the strategies used for (i) morphology recognition, (ii) measurement evaluation, and (iii) linguistic decision making are illustrated. The main aspect which discerns this program in comparison with other approaches to computerized electrocardiography is its ability of managing the imprecision in both the measurements and the medical knowledge through the use of fuzzy-set methodologies. So-called possibility distributions are used to represent ill-defined parameters as well as threshold limits for diagnostic criteria. In this way, smooth conclusions are derived when the evidence does not support a crisp decision. The influence of the CSE project on the evolution of the Padova program is illustrated.

Citra Islam Moderat: Aksi Cyber PR dari PWNU Jawa Timur

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-232
Author(s):  
Sam Abede Pareno ◽  
M Rif’an Arif
Keyword(s):  
Text Structure ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Religious traditions in Indonesia are known to be very moderate and tolerant abroad is a reflection of the character of a great noble nation. Between religion, tradition and culture are able to perform compounds so as to create a genuine religious harmony. Because of this reality Indonesia is regarded as the largest Muslim majority country in the world that almost without conflict, in the midst of reality Muslim countries in the Middle East that impressed the dispute into the daily menu. However, the reality of Indonesia as a moderate nation is injured by the act of a group that is fond of terrorism and radicalism by riding Islamic religious teachings. Thus, this reversed religion is assumed as a source of cruelty.   It is through that phenomenon researcher, feel the need to examine the strategy of disseminating moderate Islam by Nahdlatul Ulama. The selection of this Islamic organization according to the authors due to its success in moderating Islam in Indonesia. In this study, the study using a qualitative approach or method as well as adopting the theory of Van Dijk discourse analysis as a scalpel to peel the discourse of moderate Islam published by PWNU East Java through the website. As for this research, the findings are important, among others are: 1) moderate Islamic discourse campaigned by Nahdlatul Ulama East Java is categorized into three segments, namely social, religious and nationality. 2) the text structure that builds moderate Islamic discourse NU East Java in Van Dijk perspective constructed in three domains, namely text, social cognition and social context. 3) the principles of Public Relationship implemented by NU through cyber (online media), among others; News publications and expert opinions, production of image and video-based information, and updating official NU information to the public about their attitudes and views on the phenomena that occur by promoting the values of Islamic moderatism. Key Word : Islamic Moderatism, Nahdlatul Ulama, Cyber Public Relationship

John Keats and Indian Medicine

Romanticism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Nikki Hessell
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
John Keats ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Medical Imagery ◽  
Indian Medicine ◽  
The Impact

John Keats's medical studies at Guy's Hospital coincided with a boom in interest in both the traditional medicines of the sub-continent and the experiences of British doctors and patients in India. Despite extensive scholarship on the impact of Keats's medical knowledge on his poetry, little consideration has been given to Keats's exposure to Indian medicine. The poetry that followed his time at Guy's contains numerous references to the contemporary state of knowledge about India and its medical practices, both past and present. This essay focuses on Isabella and considers the major sources of information about Indian medicine in the Regency. It proposes that some of Keats's medical imagery might be read as a specific response to the debates about medicine in the sub-continent.

Cultures in Motion

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Modern China ◽  
African Dance ◽  
Surprising Effect ◽  
Musical Practices ◽  
Labor Networks

This book offers new conceptual vocabularies for understanding how cultures have trespassed across geography and social space. From the transformations of the meanings and practices of charity during late antiquity and the transit of medical knowledge between early modern China and Europe, to the fusion of Irish and African dance forms in early nineteenth-century New York, the book follows a wide array of cultural practices through the lens of motion, translation, itinerancy, and exchange, extending the insights of transnational and translocal history. The book challenges the premise of fixed, stable cultural systems by showing that cultural practices have always been moving, crossing borders and locations with often surprising effect. The chapters offer striking examples from early to modern times of intrusion, translation, resistance, and adaptation. These are histories where nothing—dance rhythms, alchemical formulas, musical practices, feminist aspirations, sewing machines, streamlined metals, or labor networks—remains stationary.

Ragam Bangunan Perundang-Undangan Hukum Keluarga di Negera-Negara Muslim Modern: Kajian Tipologis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Miftahul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
The Third ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Fourth Type ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
The Difference

The reality of the difference in applying Islamic law in the context of marriage law legislation in modern Muslim countries is undeniable. Tunisia and Turkey, for example, have practiced Islamic law of liberal nuance. Unlike the case with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates that still use the application of Islamic law as it is in their fiqh books. In between these two currents many countries are trying to apply the law in their own countries by trying to bridge the urgent new needs and local wisdom. This is widely embraced by modern Muslim countries in general. This paper reviews typologically the heterogeneousness of family law legislation of modern Muslim countries while responding to modernization issues. Typical buildings seen from modern family law reforms can be classified into four types. The first type is progressive, pluralistic and extradoctrinal reform, such as in Turkey and Tunisia. The second type is adaptive, unified and intradoctrinal reform, as in Indonesia, Malaysia, Morocco, Algeria and Pakistan. The third type is adaptive, unified and intradoctrinal reform, represented by Iraq. While the fourth type is progressive, unifiied and extradoctrinal reform, which can be represented by Somalia and Algeria.

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