scholarly journals From nanoscopic to macroscopic photo-driven motion in azobenzene-containing materials

Nanophotonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1387-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano L. Oscurato ◽  
Marcella Salvatore ◽  
Pasqualino Maddalena ◽  
Antonio Ambrosio
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Glassy Materials ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Robotics ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractThe illumination of azobenzene molecules with UV/visible light efficiently converts the molecules between trans and cis isomerization states. Isomerization is accompanied by a large photo-induced molecular motion, which is able to significantly affect the physical and chemical properties of the materials in which they are incorporated. In some material systems, the nanoscopic structural movement of the isomerizing azobenzene molecules can be even propagated at macroscopic spatial scales. Reversible large-scale superficial photo-patterning and mechanical photo-actuation are efficiently achieved in azobenzene-containing glassy materials and liquid crystalline elastomers, respectively. This review covers several aspects related to the phenomenology and the applications of the light-driven macroscopic effects observed in these two classes of azomaterials, highlighting many of the possibilities they offer in different fields of science, like photonics, biology, surface engineering and robotics.

scholarly journals Detecting Fingerprints of Waterborne Bacteria on a Sensor

Chemosensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saylan ◽  
Erdem ◽  
Cihangir ◽  
Denizli
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Recognition Element ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Human fecal contamination is a crucial threat that results in difficulties in access to clean water. Enterococcus faecalis is a bacteria which is utilized as an indicator in polluted water. Nevertheless, existing strategies face several challenges, including low affinity and the need for labelling, which limit their access to large scale applications. Herein, a label-free fingerprint of the surface proteins of waterborne bacteria on a sensor was demonstrated for real-time bacteria detection from aqueous and water samples. The kinetic performance of the sensor was evaluated and shown to have a range of detection that spanned five orders of magnitude, having a low detection limit (3.4 × 104 cfu/mL) and a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9957). The sensor also designated a high selectivity while other competitor bacteria were employed. The capability for multiple usage and long shelf-life are superior to other modalities. This is an impressive surface modification method that uses the target itself as a recognition element, ensuring a broad range of variability to replicate others with different structure, size and physical and chemical properties.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of regenerated cellulose biocomposite film filled with calcium carbonate by in situ precipitation

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 7893-7905
Author(s):  
Qianqian Zhu ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Jianzhong Sun ◽  
Qianqian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Biocomposite Film ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The application of cellulose hybrid biocomposites filled with calcium carbonate has attracted wide attention in packaging and other fields in recent years. In this study, regenerated cellulose (RC) films filled with calcium carbonate were successfully prepared by dissolution, regeneration, and in situ precipitation of CaCO3. The optical, mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of biocomposites were examined by UV-visible spectroscopy, tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The results showed that RC films with different CaCO3 contents exhibited good flexibility, optical properties, mechanical strength, and thermal stability. The RC biocomposite filled with calcium carbonate showed a tensile strength of 84.7 ± 1.5 MPa at optimum conditions. These RC biocomposites filled with CaCO3 may find application in packaging.

The Abiotic Frame and Adaptations to Cope with Abiotic Constraints

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Brönmark ◽  
Lars-Anders Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Wind Turbulence ◽  
Abiotic Constraints ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This chapter draws up the abiotic frame for organisms set by the physical and chemical properties of a specific ecosystem. The abiotic frame is a combination of several features, including wind, turbulence, temperature and light, but also by nutrient status, pH and oxygen supply. Based on this abiotic frame, large-scale movements, as well as stratification phenomena of lakes are discussed. The importance of the surrounding land, that is, the catchment area, is stressed; specifically, how the catchment area may strongly affect the physical and chemical features of the lake or pond. In addition, this chapter explains how lakes and ponds have been, and still are, formed in the landscape and how organisms handle the abiotic frame.

Reflectivity and Laser Ablation Behavior of La1-xSrxTiO3+δ Coating

2017 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Jing Kong ◽  
Li Hong Gao ◽  
Zhuang Ma ◽  
Fu Chi Wang ◽  
Li Ao Yue
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

La1-xSrxTiO3+δ (LST) has been studied in many fields due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. However, there are rare reports on its optical properties, especially reflectivity. Our previous work has prepared LST coatings by atmospheric plasma spraying technique, but the reflectivity is much lower than that of LST powder itself. In this paper, LST coating was prepared by knife coating which is a traditional convenient method. The phase structure and surface morphology of the coating were examined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The optical property was characterized by UV-visible-near infrared spectroscopy and the laser ablation tests were carried out by YSL-2000 Fiber Laser (IPG Co) with the wavelength of 1070 nm and the spot size of 10 mm×10 mm. Results show that the reflectivity of the LST coatings depends on the weight ratio of LST and binder. A high-reflectivity coating can be prepared by knife coating with appropriate content of LST.

scholarly journals ФОТОАКТИВНІСТЬ БІОЛОГІЧНИХ МОЛЕКУЛ ЯК МОЖЛИВИЙ ФАКТОР КОРЕГУВАННЯ ТРИГЕРЗАЛЕЖНИХ СИСТЕМНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ (ПЕРШЕ ПОВІДОМЛЕННЯ)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. P. Mintser ◽  
D. V. Vatlitsov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Asymmetric Response ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Dependent Processes ◽  
Survival Mechanisms ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<p>The usage of a systemic approach for the investigation of the conceptual questions of the regulation and impact on certain<br />link create the conditions for accumulation and take into all of the known results of numerous studies. Using this approach were re-evaluated the targets of electromagnetic radiation of UV, visible and infrared spectra for correction of intracellular systems processes. The aim of this work was to create a concept of trigger biomolecules photoactivation of living cells as a correction factor of intracellular systems processes. Were used the content analysis, collocate analysis and the data obtained from the database of known and predicted biomolecules and interactions. It was developed the four resulting of light on trigger dependent systems processes of living cells: size; resonance; increasing of luminous flux power after polarization; asymmetric response of living systems. It was shown that physical and chemical properties of the biopolymers caused the possibilities for correction of trigger dependent processes and asymmetric response of living systems to the increase in total energy uptake to the system leads to activation of survival mechanisms.</p>

scholarly journals Cometary topography and phase darkening

2019 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. A5
Author(s):  
J.-B. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Volatile Material ◽  
Phase Functions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Scale Roughness ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Geometric Effects ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Aims. Cometary surfaces can change significantly and rapidly as a result of the sublimation of their volatile material. Many authors have investigated this evolution; topographic data from all comets visited by spacecrafts have been used previously to derive a quantitative model that relates large-scale roughness (i.e. topography) with the evolution state of the nucleus for Jupiter-family comets (JFCs). Ground-based observers have published measurements of the phase functions of many JFCs and reported a trend in the phase darkening, with primitive objects showing a stronger darkening than evolved objects. Methods. We used a numerical implementation of this previous topographic description to build virtual comets and measure the phase darkening induced by the different levels of macro-roughness. We then compared our model with other published values. Results. We find that pure geometric effects such as self-shadowing can represent up to 22% of the darkening that is observed for more primitive objects, and 15% for evolved surfaces. This shows that although physical and chemical properties remain the main contributor to the phase darkening, the additional effect of the topography cannot be neglected.

scholarly journals Smart multifunctional nanoparticles in nanomedicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muharrem Seleci ◽  
Didem Ag Seleci ◽  
Rebecca Joncyzk ◽  
Frank Stahl ◽  
Cornelia Blume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Targeted Imaging ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Multifunctional Nanoparticles ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractRecent advances in nanotechnology caused a growing interest using nanomaterials in medicine to solve a number of issues associated with therapeutic agents. The fabricated nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties have been investigated for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Therapeutic agents have been combined with the nanoparticles to minimize systemic toxicity, increase their solubility, prolong the circulation half-life, reduce their immunogenicity and improve their distribution. Multifunctional nanoparticles have shown great promise in targeted imaging and therapy. In this review, we summarized the physical parameters of nanoparticles for construction of “smart” multifunctional nanoparticles and their various surface engineering strategies. Outlook and questions for the further researches were discussed.

scholarly journals 2,4-Bis(arylethynyl)-9-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridines: synthesis and photophysical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1629-1640
Author(s):  
Najeh Tka ◽  
Mohamed Adnene Hadj Ayed ◽  
Mourad Ben Braiek ◽  
Mahjoub Jabli ◽  
Noureddine Chaaben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Acridine derivatives have attracted considerable interest in numerous areas owing to their attractive physical and chemical properties. Herein, starting from readily available anthranilic acid, an efficient synthesis of 2,4-bis(arylethynyl)-9-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridine derivatives was accomplished via a one-pot double Sonogashira cross-coupling method. The UV-visible absorption and emission properties of the synthesized molecules have been examined. Additionally, theoretical studies based on density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d)) were carried out.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

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