Extreme thermal anisotropy in high-aspect-ratio titanium nitride nanostructures for efficient photothermal heating

Abstract High optical absorptivity or a large absorption cross-section is necessary to fully utilize the irradiation of light for photothermal heating. Recently, titanium nitride (TiN) nanostructures have been demonstrated to be robust optical absorbers in the optical range owing to their nonradiative decay processes enhanced by broad plasmon resonances. Because the photothermally generated heat dissipates to the surroundings, suppressing heat transfer from TiN nanostructures is crucial for maximizing the photothermal temperature increase. In the current work, compared to the planar TiN film, high-aspect-ratio TiN nanostructures with subwavelength periodicities have been demonstrated to enhance the photothermal temperature increase by a 100-fold using nanotube samples. The reason is attributed to the extremely anisotropic effective thermal conductivities. Our work has revealed that high-aspect-ratio TiN nanostructures are effective in improving photothermal heating, and they can be used in various applications, such as solar heating, chemical reactions, and microfluidics.

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Rising bubble in a cell with a high aspect ratio cross-section filled with a viscous fluid and its connection to viscous fingering

Physical Review Research ◽

10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mayuko Murano ◽

Ko Okumura

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Viscous Fluid ◽

Cross Section ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

Viscous Fingering ◽

Rising Bubble ◽

A Cell

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Influence of the 180° Bend Geometry on the Pressure Loss and Heat Transfer in a High Aspect Ratio Rectangular Smooth Channel

Volume 3: Turbo Expo 2004 ◽

10.1115/gt2004-53753 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Detlef Pape ◽

Herve´ Jeanmart ◽

Jens von Wolfersdorf ◽

Bernhard Weigand

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Reynolds Number ◽

Aspect Ratio ◽

Cross Section ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

Pressure Loss ◽

Rectangular Cross Section ◽

Flow Structures ◽

Cooling Channel ◽

Smooth Channel

An experimental and numerical investigation of the pressure loss and the heat transfer in the bend region of a smooth two-pass cooling channel with a 180°-turn has been performed. The channels have a rectangular cross-section with a high aspect ratio of H/W = 4. The heat transfer has been measured using the transient liquid crystal method. For the investigations the Reynolds-number as well as the distance between the tip and the divider wall (tip distance) are varied. While the Reynolds number varies from 50’000 to 200’000 and its influence on the normalized pressure loss and heat transfer is found to be small, the variations of the tip distance from 0.5 up to 3.65 W produce quite different flow structures in the bend. The pressure loss over the bend thus shows a strong dependency on these variations.

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Axially Tapered Microchannels of High Aspect Ratio for Evaporative Cooling Devices

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.1735744 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 126 (3) ◽

pp. 453-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. H. Nilson ◽

S. K. Griffiths ◽

S. W. Tchikanda ◽

M. J. Martinez

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Cross Section ◽

Analytical Solutions ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

Cooling Capacity ◽

Channel Axis ◽

Gravitational Forces ◽

Triangular Cross Section ◽

Cooling Devices ◽

Channel Bottom

Analytical solutions are derived for evaporating flow in open rectangular microchannels having a uniform depth and a width that decreases along the channel axis. The flow generally consists of two sequential domains, an entry domain where the meniscus is attached to the top corners of the channel followed by a recession domain where the meniscus retreats along the sidewalls toward the channel bottom. Analytical solutions applicable within each domain are matched at their interface. Results demonstrate that tapered channels provide substantially better cooling capacity than straight channels of rectangular or triangular cross section, particularly under opposing gravitational forces. A multiplicity of arbitrarily tapered channels can be microfabricated in metals using LIGA, a process involving electrodeposition into a lithographically patterned mold.

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1-D Modelling and 3-D Simulation of Confined Bubble Formation and Pressure Fluctuations During Flow Boiling in a Microchannel With a Rectangular Cross-Section of High Aspect Ratio

ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels ◽

10.1115/icnmm2009-82119 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Gedupudi ◽

Y. Q. Zu ◽

T. G. Karayiannis ◽

D. B. R. Kenning ◽

Y. Y. Yan

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Cross Section ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

Transient Flow ◽

Flow Boiling ◽

Rectangular Cross Section ◽

Computing Time ◽

Pressure Fluctuations ◽

Design Tool ◽

D Model

A simple 1-D model with low requirements for computing time is required to investigate parametric influences on the potentially adverse effects of pressure fluctuations driven by confined vapour bubble growth in microchannel evaporative cooling systems operating at high heat fluxes. A model is developed in this paper for the particular conditions of a channel of rectangular cross-section with high aspect ratio with a constant inlet flow rate (zero upstream compressibility). (The model will later be extended to the conditions of finite upstream compressibility that lead to transient flow reversal). Some parametric trends predicted by the model are presented. The simplifying assumptions in the model are examined in the light of a 3-D simulation by a commercial CFD code, described in an accompanying paper by the same authors. The predictions of pressure changes are in reasonable agreement. It is suggested that the 1-D model will be a useful design tool.

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Modelling the Acoustical and Airflow Performance of Simple Lined Ventilation Apertures

Building Acoustics ◽

10.1260/135101005775219139 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 277-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

D J Oldham ◽

Jian Kang ◽

M W Brocklesby

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Cross Section ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Ventilation System ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ventilation Performance ◽

Acoustic Treatment

The pressure differences that can be used to drive a natural ventilation system are very small and thus large apertures are required to allow sufficient air to enter and leave a building to ensure good air quality or thermal comfort. Large apertures are potential acoustic weak points on a façade and may require some form of acoustic treatment such as absorbent linings, in which case the ventilator is similar to a short section of lined duct. In ducts, the performance of absorbent linings increases with the length of lining and the ratio of the length of lined perimeter to the cross sectional area of the duct. Thus, for a duct of a given cross sectional area, a lining is more effective for a duct with a high aspect ratio than for a duct with a square cross section. However, the high aspect ratio cross section will result in greater flow resistance and impede the airflow performance. In this paper numerical methods are employed to investigate the effect of different configurations of a lined aperture on the acoustical and ventilation performance of the aperture in order to establish the optimum configurations.

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On the Pressure Distribution Round Certain Aerofoils of High Aspect Ratio

Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society ◽

10.1017/s0368393100158341 ◽

1926 ◽

Vol 30 (182) ◽

pp. 129-141

Author(s):

D. M. Wrinch

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Cross Section ◽

High Aspect Ratio ◽

Special Interest ◽

Cylindrical Body ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Reasonable Accuracy ◽

Lifting Force

The development of aerodynamical research into the usefulness of wing profiles of various types for aerofoils of high aspect ratio lends special interest to new results in two-dimensional hydrodynamics relating to the motion of a perfect fluid in the presence of a cylindrical body, especially in the case when the curve of cross-section of the body possesses only a smali amount of camber and is cusped at one end and rounded at the other.The possibility of formulating a theory which represents with reasonable accuracy the actual motions of aerofoils of high aspect ratio in a stream of air, when the air it taken to be inviscid, depends, of course, essentially in the first place on finding motions in which there is a force on the body at right angles to the direction of streaming. No theory which omits to produce this lifting force can give an account of the actual motions of aerofoils which is even approximately satisfactory.

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