scholarly journals Modern Modeling of Water Hammer

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Urbanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Weighting Functions ◽  
Transient Flows ◽  
Hydraulic Equipment ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduced Pressures

Abstract Hydraulic equipment on board ships is common. It assists in the work of: steering gear, pitch propellers, watertight doors, cargo hatch covers, cargo and mooring winches, deck cranes, stern ramps etc. The damage caused by transient flows (which include among others water hammer) are often impossible to repair at sea. Hence, it is very important to estimate the correct pressure runs and associated side effects during their design. The presented study compares the results of research on the impact of a simplified way of modeling the hydraulic resistance and simplified effective weighting functions build of two and three-terms on the estimated results of the pressure changes. As it turns out, simple effective two-terms weighting functions are able to accurately model the analyzed transients. The implementation of the presented method will soon allow current automatic protection of hydraulic systems of the adverse effects associated with frequent elevated and reduced pressures.

scholarly journals Aspects of Diode Laser (805 nm) Hair Removal Safety in a Mixed-Race Group of Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Załęska ◽  
Magdalena Atta-Motte
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Skin Reaction ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Hair Removal ◽  
Laser Hair Removal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Treatment Settings

Introduction: Laser hair removal (LHR) has become one of the most popular treatments in aesthetics. Side effects are an inevitable part of laser therapy, therefore managing them is crucial for every laser practitioner to ensure patients’ safety along with achieving the best results. The available references describe the effectiveness of the diode LHR for all skin types according to the Fitzpatrick scale, but the question of patient safety and minimization of side effects and postoperative complications in mixed-race patients remains unanswered. This study aims to illustrate aspects of specific side effects in patients of mixed ethnicity and the impact of those effects on the results of the treatment. Methods: The study was conducted in Poland and the United Kingdom on 216 patients of various ethnic backgrounds. This study analyses the frequency of side effects in a mixed-race group of 32 participants, taking into account their skin type according to the Fitzpatrick scale. The patients received a course of 6 treatments using diode laser 805 nm. An objective and a subjective method were used to analyse treatment results and side effects, with adverse effects documented, if observed. Treatment settings were adjusted to skin reaction during the patch test. Results: Objective analysis was different from the subjective analysis of the treatment’s effectiveness. No adverse effects were observed. Side effects such as hyperpigmentation, skin irritation, skin burns, and skin hypersensitivity were found. Conclusion: 805 nm diode laser is effective and efficient at hair removal in mixed-race patients. It is a safe treatment in terms of skin reaction as only short-term side effects were observed in the treated area and no adverse effects were noted. To achieve the best results and to avoid adverse effects it is necessary to adjust treatment settings according to the individual patient’s skin reaction.

scholarly journals Parameters affecting water hammer in metal pipelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00183
Author(s):  
Kamil Urbanowicz ◽  
Mateusz Firkowski
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Method Of Characteristics ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Wave Pressure ◽  
Hydraulic Machinery ◽  
Metal Pipes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pressure Changes

The water hammer related to rapid wave pressure changes in hydraulic systems have been subjected to intensive research for more than a hundred years. Nevertheless, a large number of new papers appear each year. Current literature indicates model differences resulting from the used material of the pipe. In the hydraulic machinery, elastic (metal) pipes are usually used, while water transport in water supply system is currently realized with pipes whose deformation of the walls is viscoelastic. In this paper, the individual and group impact of all parameters influencing the results of numerical modelling of the water hammer occurring in the pipes will be analysed. The method of characteristics will be used to solve partial differential equations describing the flow.

Predictors of patient-reported toxicities from endocrine therapy: Importance of illness perceptions, treatment beliefs, and fear of recurrence.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 542-542
Author(s):  
Xinni Song ◽  
Susan Faye Dent ◽  
Shailendra Verma ◽  
Mark J. Clemons ◽  
Nadine A. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Fear Of Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact

542 Background: Numerous studies have documented the toxicities of endocrine therapy (ET) for early breast cancer (EBC) and their deleterious impact on quality of life and adherence. However, little is known about the factors that underlie patient's susceptibility to report toxicities. The identification of risk factors for toxicities from ET is important as it would allow early targeting of symptom management interventions for women more vulnerable to adverse effects of ET. This prospective study aims to examine the impact of pre-treatment perceptions of EBC, ET beliefs and fear of breast cancer (BC) recurrence (FBCR) on toxicities reported after 6 months of ET. Methods: Women diagnosed with EBC completed a survey prior to initiating endocrine therapy, then at 3, 6 and 12 months. Standardized self-report instruments were used to assess EBC perceptions, ET beliefs, FBCR and toxicities. Clinical and treatment variables were also evaluated. Univariate analyses and mulitivariate regression were conducted to identify factors associated (p<0.1) with side effects at 6 months. Results: Since 9/2010, 173 patients have consented and 84 (mean age = 60 y) have completed the questionnaires at baseline and after 6 months of ET. Controlling for age, none of the clinical or treatment variables (stage of disease, type of surgery, receipt of chemotherapy and radiation therapy) were significant univariate predictors of toxicities. In multiple regression, stronger perceptions that BC has serious consequences on their lives (β=0.218, p<0.05), greater concerns about the adverse effects of ET (β=0.215, p<0.05) and higher levels of FBCR (β=0.316, p<0.01) at baseline were associated with higher levels of reported toxicities. Conclusions: Baseline psychological factors predicted level of patient-reported toxicities to a larger extent than clinical/treatment factors. How patients perceived their illness, their beliefs about ET side effects and their fear of cancer recurrence are strongly associated with side effects experienced after 6 months of ET. These results could facilitate the identification of a subgroup of patients for early interventions to improve symptom management.

scholarly journals Experimental study of hydraulic equipment operation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02026
Author(s):  
Kamoliddin Rustamov ◽  
Samandar Komilov ◽  
Mavlon Kudaybergenov ◽  
Shamshir Shermatov ◽  
Shahzod Xudoyqulov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Equipment Operation ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Hydraulic Equipment ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. When the hydraulic fluid is operated for several cycles, the impact on hydraulic performance and longevity is greatly increased. So, there are several ways to fix this problem. To increase the efficiency of the hydraulic system, it is necessary to study the working processes, the hydraulic systems of the quick-change equipment of the machine with a lawn of the kshp are made as a whole, and the equipment of the machine is attached to the suspension device. The complexity of these processes lies in the fact that they allow experimental research and verification of results using mathematical models. Aim. The purpose of the experimental study in this dissertation is to study the effect of forces acting on the hydraulic system when excavating the hydraulic system of a multipurpose machine and substantiate the parameters by assessing power use efficiency. Methods. Checking the suitability of the working fluid during earthworks, as well as the mathematical model. In this case, we studied the hydraulic system of a single-bucket excavator, the device of quick-change equipment for a universal machine. Results. The theoretical work performed has been verified and the confirmation of the operation of a multipurpose machine designed with earth and dozer equipment. The installation of equipment based on TTZ-80 made it possible to carry out experimental research with the most energy-intensive workflow, determining energy efficiency indicators for excavation and leveling. Conclusion. Comprehensive tests made it possible to conclude that the characteristics of the developed design and the characteristics of the engine of the base machine - the TTZ-80.10 - KM-1 tractor, overcome the resistance encountered during technological operations of a multipurpose machine.

Exploring the impact of brain cancer on people and their participation

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrine Hammill ◽  
Catherine G Stewart ◽  
Natasha Kosic ◽  
Lauren Bellamy ◽  
Hannah Irvine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Occupational Participation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Brain cancer diagnoses are rising, and the prognosis is commonly life-limiting. Brain cancer symptoms and the side effects of treatment are imposing and harmful. Little is known about the effect of these symptoms and treatments on occupational participation or about the role that occupational therapy can play for people with brain cancer. Methods Sixteen participants with brain cancer were purposively recruited from a single site. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analysed thematically. Results Three overarching themes were identified: (a) ‘there’s a lot of things that I can’t do anymore’: adverse effects of tumour and treatments; (b) ‘you adjust with adversity’: accepting altered occupational participation levels; (c) occupational therapy: ‘why is she here?’ Conclusions Findings highlight a connection between brain cancer symptoms, treatment side effects and occupational participation. A disconnect was found between occupational therapy services and occupational needs. Further research could explore whether realigning occupational therapy services to address the concerns identified in this study leads to enhanced occupational participation through the journey of brain cancer.

Finasteride, not tamsulosin, increases severity of erectile dysfunction and decreases testosterone levels in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmaged M. Traish ◽  
Karim Sultan Haider ◽  
Gheorghe Doros ◽  
Ahmad Haider
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
The Impact

Abstract5α-reductase inhibitors (5α-RIs) (finasteride and dutasteride) have been proven useful in treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, these inhibitors exert undesirable sexual side effects and, in some cases, these effects are persistent. There is considerable disagreement with regard to whether the adverse side effects resolve with continuous treatment.To investigate the long-term adverse effects of finasteride treatment in men with BPH on erectile function and to compare these adverse effects in men treated with the α1-adrenergic receptor blocker, tamsolusin.In this retrospective registry study, a cohort of 470 men aged between 47 and 68 years (mean 57.78±4.81) were treated with finasteride (5 mg/day). A second cohort of 230 men aged between 52 and 72 years (mean 62.62±4.65) were treated with tamsulosin (0.4 mg). All men were followed up for 45 months. At intervals of 3 months and at each visit, plasma testosterone (T) levels and the international index of erectile function (IIEF-EF) questionnaire scores were determined.Long-term treatment with finasteride therapy is associated with worsening of erectile dysfunction (ED) as shown by the significant decrease in the IIEF-EF scores in men treated with finasteride. No worsening of ED was observed in men treated with tamsulosin. The increase in ED due to finasteride did not resolve with continued treatment with finasteride. Most importantly, long-term finasteride therapy resulted in reduction in total T levels, contributing to a state of hypogonadism. On the contrary, no changes in T levels were noted in men treated with tamsolusin.Our findings suggest that in men with BPH, long-term finasteride therapy but not tamsulosin results in worsening of ED and reduces total T concentrations. Clinicians are urged to discuss the impact of 5α-RIs therapy on sexual function with their patients before commencing this therapy.

scholarly journals FRI0125 IMPACT OF RAMADAN DIURNAL INTERMITTENT FASTING ON CHRONIC MEDICATIONS INTAKE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 644.2-644
Author(s):  
K. Maatallah ◽  
D. Ben Nessib ◽  
H. Ferjani ◽  
D. Kaffel ◽  
W. Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Chronic Medications ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
The Impact

Background:Fasting during Ramadan, the ninth month of Islamic calendar, requires the abstinence from food and drink from sunrise to sunset [1]. Muslims are allowed to consume two major meals per day, one shortly before dawn (Suhoor) and the other immediately after sunset (Iftar). Although some previous investigations have reported a beneficent impact of fasting on rheumatic diseases’ activity [1,2], very few studies have dealt with the possible impact of intermittent fasting on chronic medications intake.Objectives:The objective of this study was to assess the impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on adherence and tolerance of Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:This is a prospective monocentric study including patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who fasted Ramadan 2019. Each patient was evaluated during 2 visits: 6 months before starting Ramadan fasting and after fasting at least 7 days. The following parameters were assessed: compliance with treatments, tolerability and timing of intake (Iftar meal, evening, Suhoor meal).Results:Thirty-six patients were enrolled: 7 men and 29 women. The average age of patients was 57.5 years ± 10.9 [39-79] and the mean disease duration was 6.7 years ± 3.3 [1-13]. Biological agents, methotrexate (MTX), Salazopyrin (SLZ) and Leflunomide (LFN) were respectively prescribed in 8, 22, 4 and 4 patients.Ramadan fasting did not affect either compliance with biological agents or tolerance. No additional side effects have been reported during this period.The compliance to MTX was comparable before and during fasting in 68.4% of cases. It was impaired by fasting in the rest with a full stop in 26.3% of patients. MTX was taken away from meals (as recommended) by 42.8% of patients. The timing of drug intake was the Iftar meal in 21.4% of patients, the Suhoor meal in 14.3% of patients and the evening in 64.3% of patients.Except 1 patient, adherence to SLZ was adequate during Ramadan fasting. It was taken with the 2 major meals in 50% of cases and during the evening in 50% of cases.Patients under LFN did not report any discontinuation.The reported reasons of discontinuations of Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (csDMARDs) were: objective adverse effects (25%), apprehension of gastrointestinal adverse effects (25%) and lack of time between the two major meals (50%) (since they were advised to take MTX away from meals).Regarding the tolerance, gastrointestinal side effects of MTX were reported to be more frequent during Ramadan by 20% of patients, fewer by 13.3% of patients and unchanged by the rest of the patients. The gastrointestinal tolerance of SLZ and LFN was similar before and during Ramadan fasting.Conclusion:Even if the tolerability of chronic medications was not impaired by Ramadan fasting in the majority of patients, adherence to conventional DMARDs was reported to be reduced by more than a quarter of patients, mainly because of a lack of time between the two major meals. Physicians should be aware of the impact of Ramadan fasting on chronic drugs intake because they have a crucial role in helping patients with RA adjust medications safely.References:[1]Adawi M, Damiani G, Bragazzi NL, et al (2019) The Impact of Intermittent Fasting (Ramadan Fasting) on Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity, Enthesitis, and Dactylitis: A Multicentre Study. Nutrients 11[2]Bragazzi NL, Watad A (2017) The Impact of Fasting on Rheumatic Diseases. Isr Med Assoc J IMAJ 19:378–379Disclosure of Interests:None declared

The Impact of Anglicizing Former German-Language Psychology Journals on Authorship and Citation Frequencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen ◽  
Thomas Huckert ◽  
Gabriel Schui
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
German Language ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Authors

Exemplary for other than English-language psychology journals, the impact of recent Anglicization of five former German-language psychology journals on (1) authorship (nationality, i.e., native language, and number of authors, i.e., single or multiple authorships), (2) formal characteristics of the journal (number of articles per volume and length of articles), and (3) number of citations of the articles in other journal articles, the language of the citing publications, and the impact factors (IF) is analyzed. Scientometric data on these variables are gathered for all articles published in the four years before anglicizing and in the four years after anglicizing the same journal. Results reveal rather quick changes: Citations per year since original articles’ publication increase significantly, and the IF of the journals go up markedly. Frequencies of citing in German-language journals decrease, citing in English-language journals increase significantly after the Anglicization of former German-language psychology journals, and there is a general trend of increasing citations in other languages as well. Side effects of anglicizing former German-language psychology journals include the publication of shorter papers, their availability to a more international authorship, and a slight, but significant increase in multiple authorships.

The ‘Modernisation’ of Scotland and its Impact on Glasgow, 1955–1979: ‘Unwanted Side Effects’ and Vulnerabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chik Collins ◽  
Ian Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

This article reports findings of research into the far-reaching plan to ‘modernise’ the Scottish economy, which emerged from the mid-late 1950s and was formally adopted by government in the early 1960s. It shows the growing awareness amongst policy-makers from the mid-1960s as to the profoundly deleterious effects the implementation of the plan was having on Glasgow. By 1971 these effects were understood to be substantial with likely severe consequences for the future. Nonetheless, there was no proportionate adjustment to the regional policy which was creating these understood ‘unwanted’ outcomes, even when such was proposed by the Secretary of State for Scotland. After presenting these findings, the paper offers some consideration as to their relevance to the task of accounting for Glasgow's ‘excess mortality’. It is suggested that regional policy can be seen to have contributed to the accumulation of ‘vulnerabilities’, particularly in Glasgow but also more widely in Scotland, during the 1960s and 1970s, and that the impact of the post-1979 UK government policy agenda on these vulnerabilities is likely to have been salient in the increase in ‘excess mortality’ evident in subsequent years.

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