Experimental investigation of photon attenuation parameters for different binary alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. Sayyed ◽  
Ferdi Akman ◽  
Mustafa Recep Kaçal
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Buildup Factor ◽  
Alloy Sample ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Radiation Attenuation ◽  
Photon Attenuation ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Abstract Recently, technologists try to develop novel gamma radiation shielding materials instead of traditional materials such as lead and concrete with improved performance in gamma radiation shielding in medical applications and nuclear reactors. For this purpose, alloys such as stainless steel (SS) and carbon steel (CS) attracted much attention, these days. Preliminary results on such alloys have shown better attenuation of γ rays as compared to traditional shielding materials. This work aimed to conduct research on different alloy samples to evaluate their radiation attenuation efficiency and their suitability for radiation shielding when utilized in nuclear facilities. The mass attenuation coefficients for eight alloy samples were measured at different photon energies ranging from 80.997 to 1332.501 keV using transmission geometry. From the mass attenuation coefficients, different photon attenuation parameters such as half value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number, and radiation protection efficiency were evaluated. In addition, the equivalent atomic number and the exposure buildup factor were calculated using G-P fitting method for photon energy ranging from 0.015 MeV to 15 MeV at different penetration depth. The results showed that the Zeff values remain almost constant for all samples except W72/Cu28 in which the Zeff for this sample tends to decrease with the energy. The lowest value of half value layer is found for the alloy sample Ta97.5/W2.5 and the highest value is found for the alloy sample In50/Sn50. The Ta97.5/W2.5, Ta90/W10, Ta95/W5 samples demonstrated good radiation attenuation properties.

Gamma radiation shielding properties of glasses within the TeO2-TiO2-ZnO system

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Almatari
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Glass System ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Abstract Radiations are widely used in hospitals and health services in radiotherapy and molecular imaging using x-ray and gamma radiation which considered as the most penetrating radiations and very difficult to shield. In this study, the radiation shielding properties of different zinc oxide (ZnO) concentrations of the (95-x)TeO2-5TiO2-xZnO (x=5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 mol%) glass system was investigated to be introduced as a new transparency effective shielding material. In order to study shielding properties, mass attenuation coefficients in the energy range of 0.015–15 MeV photon energies for the current glass system were calculated using ParShield software. Moreover, half value layer, mean free path and effective atomic number were evaluated using the obtained attenuation coefficient. The results indicated that if ZnO was added to the current glass system the mass attenuation coefficient will be decreased as well as effective atomic number values. The highest mass attenuation coefficient at all energies was found to be in TT5Z5 glass sample as well as the effective atomic number value.

Radiation shielding properties of mortars containing heavyweight particles

Kerntechnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
N. U. Kockal ◽  
A. Cesur ◽  
S. F. Ozmen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Abstract In this study the radiation shielding properties of mortar samples were investigated. The samples were created by replacing heavyweight particles of iron, steel and chromium waste by calcareous sand in different volume percentages. Additionally, the effects of the physical properties of particles and samples on shielding properties is also discussed. In the scope of this work, the radiation shielding properties of mortar samples were measured by determining the values of mass attenuation coefficients by means of an experimental setup consisting of 133Ba, 137Cs and 60Co standard point sources and high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. It’s concluded that the highest mass attenuation coefficient values among the heavy particles were achieved by chromium particles. However, all the high-density particles used in the study improved the radiation shielding properties of the mortars considerably compared to ordinary mortars.

scholarly journals Gamma Attenuation Coefficients of Nano Cadmium Oxide/High density Polyethylene Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. El-Khatib ◽  
Mahmoud I. Abbas ◽  
Mohamed Abd Elzaher ◽  
Mohamed S. Badawi ◽  
Mahmoud T. Alabsy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
High Density ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Abstract In the present work, high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix mixed with micro-sized and nano-sized Cadmium oxide (CdO) particles of different concentrations were prepared by compression molding technique. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of particle size and weight percentage of CdO particles on the gamma radiation shielding ability of CdO/HDPE composites. The mass attenuation coefficients of pure HDPE, micro-CdO/HDPE and nano-CdO/HDPE composites were evaluated at photon energies ranging from 59.53 keV to 1408.01 keV using standard radioactive point sources [241Am, 133Ba, 137Cs, 60Co and 152Eu]. Adding micro and nano CdO particles to the HDPE matrix clearly increases the mass attenuation coefficients of the composites and the improvement is more significant at low γ-ray energies. The effect of particle size of CdO filler has an important role on the shielding ability of the composite. The experimental results reveal that, the composites filled with nano-CdO have better γ-radiation shielding ability compared to that filled with micro-CdO at the same weight fraction. A relative increase rate of about 16% is obtained with nano-CdO content of 40 wt% at 59.53 keV, which attributed to the higher probability of interaction between γ-rays and nanoparticles. From this study, it can be concluded that nano-CdO has a good performance shielding characteristic than micro-CdO in HDPE based radiation shielding material.

scholarly journals Fast Neutron and Gamma-Ray Attenuation Properties of Some HMO Tellurite-Tungstate-Antimonate Glasses: Impact of Sm3+ Ions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10168
Author(s):  
Ghada ALMisned ◽  
Huseyin O. Tekin ◽  
Hesham M. H. Zakaly ◽  
Shams A. M. Issa ◽  
Gokhan Kilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Removal Cross Section ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Characteristics of tellurite-tungstate-antimonate glasses containing heavy metal oxide were investigated in detail using two methods: the MCNPX Monte Carlo code and the Phy-X/PSD platform. The influence of Sm2O3, translocating with TeO2 at ratios of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1, and 1.5 mol% on radiation shielding properties of glasses, was set forth with five glass structures determined according to the (75-x)TeO2-15Sb2O3-10WO3-xSm2O3 glass composition. Densities of the glasses were prepared by doping a low ratio of Sm2O3 that varied between 5.834 and 5.898 g/cm3. Sample densities, which have an important role in determining radiation shielding character, increased depending on the increase in Sm2O3 concentration. Effective removal cross-section (∑R) values against fast neutrons, as well as linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half-value layer, mean free path, variation of effective atomic number against photon energy, exposure, and energy built-up factors, were simulated with the help of these two methods. As a result of these estimates, it can be concluded that values obtained using both methods are consistent with each other. From the obtained values, it can be concluded that the SM1.5 sample containing 1.5 mol% would have the most efficient role in radiation shielding. An increase of Sm2O3 resulted in a significant increase in linear and mass attenuation coefficients and effective removal cross-section values belonging to fast neutrons and, in addition, resulted in a decrease in the half value layer. Doping HMO glasses with Sm2O3 was observed to contribute directly to the development of radiation shielding properties of the glass.

scholarly journals Photon attenuation parameters of non-essential amino acids using EPICS2017 library interpolations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. V. Javier-Hila ◽  
B. C. V. Javier ◽  
F. C. Hila ◽  
N. R. D. Guillermo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Electron Densities ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Photon Attenuation ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Effective Atomic Numbers ◽  
Buildup Factors ◽  
Mass Attenuation

AbstractMass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers, electron densities and energy absorption and exposure buildup factors for the non-essential and conditionally non-essential amino acids including alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine have been acquired using the latest evaluated photoatomic library of EPICS2017. The library was used by constructing an interpolation script that calculates for all photon attenuation parameters. Comparisons were made using alternative Monte Carlo simulation results for 15 energy points from 59.5 to 1333 keV, and in contrast with experimental works in literature. Good agreements for the mass attenuation coefficients were observed between EPICS2017-based values compared with Monte Carlo code and experimental results. Similar trends for the effective atomic numbers and electron densities were observed from EPICS2017 interpolation and from results found in literature. Conversely, buildup factors acquired by Geometric-Progression fitting parameters were reported in this work preliminarily for most of these biomolecules at different penetration depths. Overall, cysteine showed the most significant deviation among the other non-essential amino acids due to the presence of sulfur in its molecular structure.

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