Identifying surface morphological characteristics to differentiate between mixtures of U3O8 synthesized from ammonium diuranate and uranyl peroxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean T. Heffernan ◽  
Nhat-Cuong Ly ◽  
Brock J. Mower ◽  
Clement Vachet ◽  
Ian J. Schwerdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ammonium Diuranate ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Particle Segmentation

Abstract In the present study, surface morphological differences of mixtures of triuranium octoxide (U3O8), synthesized from uranyl peroxide (UO4) and ammonium diuranate (ADU), were investigated. The purity of each sample was verified using powder X-ray diffractometry (p-XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were collected to identify unique morphological features. The U3O8 from ADU and UO4 was found to be unique. Qualitatively, both particles have similar features being primarily circular in shape. Using the morphological analysis of materials (MAMA) software, particle shape and size were quantified. UO4 was found to produce U3O8 particles three times the area of those produced from ADU. With the starting morphologies quantified, U3O8 samples from ADU and UO4 were physically mixed in known quantities. SEM images were collected of the mixed samples, and the MAMA software was used to quantify particle attributes. As U3O8 particles from ADU were unique from UO4, the composition of the mixtures could be quantified using SEM imaging coupled with particle analysis. This provides a novel means of quantifying processing histories of mixtures of uranium oxides. Machine learning was also used to help further quantify characteristics in the image database through direct classification and particle segmentation using deep learning techniques based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). It demonstrates that these techniques can distinguish the mixtures with high accuracy as well as showing significant differences in morphology between the mixtures. Results from this study demonstrate the power of quantitative morphological analysis for determining the processing history of nuclear materials.

scholarly journals Life stages and morphological variations of Limnocythere inopinata (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Lake Jiang-Co (northern Tibet): a bioculture experiment

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1011 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Can Wang ◽  
Hailei Wang ◽  
Xingxing Kuang ◽  
Ganlin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Northern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
History Of ◽  
Special Growth ◽  
Morphological Differences

Limnocythere inopinata (Baird, 1843) is a Holarctic species, abundant in a number of Recent and fossil ostracod assemblages, and has many important taxonomic and (paleo)ecological applications. However, the life cycle and morphological characteristics of the living L. inopinata are still unclear. A bioculture experiment was designed to study life stages and morphological variations from stage A-8 to adult in this species. The living animals were collected from Lake Jiang-Co, in the northern Tibetan Plateau. Results reveal that this species possesses a special growth pattern with the maximum size increase occurring at the transition from the instars A-5 to A-4. The growth pattern deviates from Brooks’ rule and one population from Lake Dali, eastern Mongolian Plateau. This suggests that the life history of L. inopinata may be influenced by environmental factors. Some morphological differences between Lake Jiang-Co and European populations of L. inopinata are also uncovered. Therefore, a detailed morphological description of this population is provided, but refrain from erecting a new species at the present stage because those differences appear to be inconsistent.

scholarly journals Comparative Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Thalamic Glioarchitectonics of Young and Senile Persons

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
A. A. Balandin ◽  
L. M. Zheleznov ◽  
I. A. Balandina
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Human Thalamus ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fibrous Astrocytes ◽  
Morphological Differences

The aim of the investigation was to establish morphological differences between the human thalamus in young and senile age by using an immunohistochemical marker – glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).Material and methods. The results of the sectional study of both thalami of 94 deceased of both sexes were analyzed. Depending on their age (young and senile), they were divided into two groups. The deceased had no history of diseases and injuries of the central and peripheral nervous system organs as well as alcohol and/or drug addiction, no macroscopic signs of brain tissue pathology were detected when material was taken for microscopic examination. Morphological characterization of thalamic tissue in both hemispheres of the large brain using hematoxylin and eosin staining was given. Immunohistochemical study of the samples used antibodies to GFAP.Results. Histological examination of the thalamus in both young and senile age revealed groups of irregularly arranged neuronal bodies with granular cytoplasm and swollen ectopic nuclei. When the immunohistochemical reaction was performed, the product of the reaction was distributed in the bodies and outgrowths of astrocytes. In young age, single bodies of fibrous astrocytes with a moderate number of poorly visualized outgrowths were found. At senile age, in addition to a statistically significant increase in the numerical density of fibrous astrocyte bodies (p<0.01), there is a clear increase in the number of their outgrowths.Conclusion. The results obtained provide a detailed insight into the morphological characteristics of the thalamic tissue of men and women at young and senile age. The use of antibodies to GFAP is a sensitive marker of age-related changes in thalamic cytoarchitectonics. The increase in the numerical density of astrocytes as well as the outgrowth of their processes allows a more precise understanding of age-related involution of nervous tissue, which will allow to use these data in future prospective basic research.

Detection of Pavement Maintenance Treatments using Deep-Learning Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110078
Author(s):  
Lu Gao ◽  
Yao Yu ◽  
Yi Hao Ren ◽  
Pan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Maintenance And Rehabilitation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deep Learning Network

Pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) records are important as they provide documentation that M&R treatment is being performed and completed appropriately. Moreover, the development of pavement performance models relies heavily on the quality of the condition data collected and on the M&R records. However, the history of pavement M&R activities is often missing or unavailable to highway agencies for many reasons. Without accurate M&R records, it is difficult to determine if a condition change between two consecutive inspections is the result of M&R intervention, deterioration, or measurement errors. In this paper, we employed deep-learning networks of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model, a long short-term memory (LSTM) model, and a CNN-LSTM combination model to automatically detect if an M&R treatment was applied to a pavement section during a given time period. Unlike conventional analysis methods so far followed, deep-learning techniques do not require any feature extraction. The maximum accuracy obtained for test data is 87.5% using CNN-LSTM.

Multi-Mineral Segmentation of SEM Images Using Deep Learning Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Vasilevich Alekseev ◽  
Denis Mihaylovich Orlov ◽  
Dmitry Anatolevich Koroteev
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Rock Physics ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Digital Rock Physics ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Digital Core ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract The approaches of building and methods of using the digital core are currently developing rapidly. The use of these methods makes it possible to obtain petrophysical information by non-destructive methods quickly. Digital rock physics includes two main stages: constructing models and modeling various physical processes on the obtained models. Our work proposes using deep learning methods for mineral and pore space segmentation instead of classical methods such as threshold image processing. Deep neural networks have long been able to show their advantages in many areas of computer vision. This paper proposes and tests methods that help identify different minerals in images from a scanning electron microscope. We used images of rocks of the Achimov formation, which are arkoses, as samples. We tested various deep neural networks such as LinkNet, U-Net, ResUNet, and pix2pix and identified those that performed best in segmentation.

scholarly journals Techno-morphological features of items made of antler from the site near the village of Michnievičy (north-western Belarus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Anna Andreevna Malyutina ◽  
Aleksandr Nikolaevich Vashanov ◽  
Mariya Ivanovna Tkacheva ◽  
Evgenia Sergeevna Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Village ◽  
North Western ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the results of a techno-morphological analysis of items made of antler obtained as a result of the collections from the 1960s-1990s from the site near the village of Michnievičy Smorgon District of the Grodno Region (north-western Belarus). Currently, more than 100 artifacts are known from this site, as well as a large number of fauna residues with no visible traces of processing. Radiocarbon dating was obtained for some categories of products, which link them to 9-2 thousand BC. The largest part of the collection refers to the period of the Mesolithic - Neolithic. At the first stage of work, the most expressive and numerous group of artifacts made of horn (24 exemplars), stored in the fonds of the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, was selected for a techno-morphological analysis. The degree of preservation of the external surface of objects is relatively good, which made it possible to analyze macro-traces related to the technology of manufacturing various categories of products, on the basis of which a process flow was proposed - from the selection of raw materials to the finished product. The analysis of the technological traces recorded on the products allowed us to highlight the differences in the manufacturing processes of the oldest tools. In addition, on the basis of the macro signs of utilitarian wear, preliminary observations on the functional using of objects were obtained. According to technological and morphological features, the whole of the analyzed material was divided into conditional categories of instruments with a selected heel and without it. The presence or absence of this element, apparently, influenced the method of using objects in various household situations.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POSTTRAUMATIC SKELETAL MUSCLE REGENERATION AFTER EXPERIMENTAL BLAST INJURY

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Vengerovich ◽  
I. A. Shperling ◽  
Yu. V. Yurkevich ◽  
O. O. Vladimirova ◽  
I. I. Alekseyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Blast Injury ◽  
Regenerative Process ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tissue ◽  
Histological Characteristics

The research objective was a morphological analysis of posttraumatic regeneration of musculoskeletal tissue in rats after experimental blast injury with field simulation of remote musculocutaneous injury of lower limbs. Wound process was evaluated visually and by histological characteristics of injury zones. This research helped to deepen understanding of details of regenerative process of blast musculocutaneous injury and formation of regenerating muscular and connective tissue of skeletal muscle in rats

scholarly journals New evidence for distinctiveness of the island-endemic Príncipe giant tree frog (Arthroleptidae: Leptopelis palmatus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Kyle E. Jaynes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Tree ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Island Endemic ◽  
Large Tree ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mtdna Diversity ◽  
Morphological Differences

The Príncipe giant tree frog Leptopelis palmatus is endemic to the small oceanic island of Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea. For several decades, this charismatic but poorly known species was confused with another large tree frog species from continental Africa, L. rufus. Phylogenetic relationships within the African genus Leptopelis are poorly understood and consequently the evolutionary history of L. palmatus and its affinity to L. rufus remain unclear. In this study, we combined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), morphological, and acoustic data for L. palmatus and L. rufus to assess different axes of divergence between the species. Our mtDNA gene tree for the genus Leptopelis indicated that L. palmatus is not closely related to L. rufus or other large species of Leptopelis. Additionally, we found low mtDNA diversity in L. palmatus across its range on Príncipe. We found significant morphological differences between females of L. rufus and L. palmatus, but not between males. We characterised the advertisement call of L. palmatus for the first time, which is markedly distinct from L. rufus. Finally, we summarised our observations of L. palmatus habitats and additional notes on phenotypic variation and behaviour. Our study reinforces the distinctiveness of L. palmatus and provides information important for the conservation of this endangered species. A rã gigante de Príncipe, Leptopelis palmatus, é endêmica da pequena ilha oceânica de Príncipe no Golfo da Guiné. Por várias décadas, esta espécie carismática mas pouco conhecida foi confundida com outra espécie grande de rã da África continental, L. rufus. As relações filogenéticas dentro do gênero africano Leptopelis são mal compreendidas e, conseqüentemente, a história evolutiva de L. palmatus e sua afinidade com L. rufus permanecem obscuras. Neste estudo, combinamos dados de DNA mitocondrial (mtDNA), morfológicos e acústicos de L. palmatus e L. rufus para avaliar diferentes eixos de divergência entre as espécies. Nossa árvore de genes de mtDNA para o gênero Leptopelis indicou que L. palmatus não está proximamente relacionada a L. rufus ou outras espécies grandes de Leptopelis, e encontramos baixa diversidade de mtDNA em L. palmatus em toda a sua distribuição em Príncipe. Encontramos diferenças morfológicas significativas entre as fêmeas de L. rufus e L. palmatus, mas não entre os machos. Caracterizamos o canto reprodutor de L. palmatus pela primeira vez, que é marcadamente distinto do de L. rufus. Finalmente, resumimos nossas observações dos habitats de L. palmatus e notas adicionais sobre variação fenotípica e comportamento. Nosso estudo fornece informações importantes para a conservação dessa espécie ameaçada de extinção

scholarly journals How Bovine Livestock Affects Seed Rain in Subtropical Climate Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Maureen de Moraes Stefanello ◽  
Ana Paula Moreira Rovedder ◽  
Roselene Marostega Felker ◽  
Matheus Degrandi Gazzola ◽  
Betina Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
History Of

Seed rainfall may be one of the mechanisms most impacted by livestock production in forest remnants. The trampling and cattle grazing alter dynamics, structure and floristic composition of the forest. The present work characterized the seed rainin forest remnants and the possible impacts of the presence and the management regime with different cattle stocks in the Pampa biome, southern region of Brazil. We compared three areas in Seasonal Forest remnants with a management history of 43 years: cattle exclusion area (A1); area with a cattle stock of 0.5 ua ha-1 (A2); and area with cattle stock of 1.0 ua ha-1 (A3). The seed rain was collected quarterly in 16 collectors (1 &times; 1 m&sup2;) per area for 24 months. The seeds were counted and identified according to external morphological characteristics, habit and dispersion syndrome. Shannon diversity index, submitted to the Hutcheson test, Pielou evenness, expected diversity and floristic similarity were determined. The results indicated that the impacts caused by livestock to seed rain were more significant in A3 where a quantitative reduction in the number of seeds was observed, probably due to the low number of plant individuals that make up the community.

scholarly journals HDPE/SILICA COMPOSITES- PART I: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHYLSILANE AND OCTYLSILANE-MODIFIED SILICAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Vanessa Machado Babinski RAMOS ◽  
Maurício Gammertt RÖHNELT ◽  
Rodrigo BRAMBILLA
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Pyrogenic Silica ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

This paper reports the main results concerning the synthesis and characterization of methylsilane and octylsilane-modified silicas. The modification of the silicas with these groups aims to make the silica surface hydrophobic and thus compatible with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in HDPE/silica composites. In the present work, two types of silica were organofunctionalized: a pyrogenic silica and a silica gel. The silicas were characterized by a series of complementary techniques with the objective of investigating the nature of the surface species and their textural and morphological characteristics. The SEM images showed that the modification of the silicas with organosilanes has been not resulted in changes on the morphology and on the size of silica particles. In relation to the texture properties, determined by N2 adsorption-desorption porosimetry, the silica modification resulted in a decrease of the specific area (SBET) and the mean pore volume, a behavior attributed to the partial coverage of the adsorption sites by the organosilane molecules. The TGA analysis showed that both the methylsilane groups and the octylsilane groups on the surface of silica and silica gel are thermally stable up to 200 ° C, which enables the organofunctionalized silicas in terms of thermal stability, for the process of preparing the composites by extrusion. The results of applying these organofunctionalized silicas in the development of HDPE/silica composites will be presented in a subsequent article, part II of this research.

scholarly journals Analysis of the type material of Gomphosphenia tackei (Bacillariophyceae) and comparison to epizoic diatom populations on freshwater snails

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Mateusz Rybak ◽  
Łukasz Peszek ◽  
Anita Poradowska
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Small Cell Size ◽  
Type Population ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background and aims – Hustedt (1942) originally described Gomphosphenia tackei from Germany under the name Gomphonema tackei. Because of the small cell size and the lack of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images from the type material, it is often confused with other species from this genus, especially with G. stoermeri. The aim of this paper was to present detailed morphological characteristics of G. tackei based on the analysis of the type material and of several epizoic populations from Central Europe. Material and methods – The material in this study was collected from the shells of the freshwater snails Lymnaea stagnalis, Planorbarius corneus, and Planorbis planorbis. Additionally, for an unambiguous species identification, the type material for Gomphosphenia tackei was analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopes.Key results – The presence of Gomphosphenia tackei was confirmed in the studied material. The largest population (up to 19%) was recorded on the shell surfaces of living snails, whereas on empty shells, the diatom did not seem to be present or only in very low numbers. Valves are typically clavate with rounded apices. Valves are frequently observed in girdle view, often joint together in pairs. The valves in the studied populations had a valve length of 7–29 µm, a valve width of 3–4 µm, and a stria density of 25–29 striae in 10 µm. In the type population, valve length ranged from 7.5 to 27 µm with a valve width of 3.0–4.0 µm and a stria density of 23–29 striae per 10 µm. Striae were composed of 2–4 elongated to rounded areolae per stria. At the apices, the striae were composed of one single areola. The cells were attached to the substratum by their footpole.Conclusion – Published illustrations of Gomphosphenia tackei do not always correctly represent this species. Individual cells are attached to the substratum by secreted mucilage, probably via their areolae or girdle band pores located on the footpole.

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