Recent trends in removal and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater by electrochemical technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawaiah Imam Maarof ◽  
Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud ◽  
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Cathodic Reduction ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Removal And Recovery

AbstractHeavy metal-laden water and wastewater pose a threat to biodiversity, including human health. Contaminated wastewater can be treated with several separation and purification methods. Among them, electrochemical treatment is a notable clean technology, versatile and environmentally compatible for the removal and recovery of inorganic pollutants from water and wastewater. Electrochemical technology provides solution for the recovery of metals in their most valuable state. This paper analyses the most recent electrochemical approaches for the removal and recovery of metal ions. Various current works involving cell design and electrode development were addressed in distinguished electrochemical processes, namely, electrodeposition, electrocoagulation, electroflotation, and electrosorption. Cathodic reduction of metal ions has been proven in result to metal deposit on the metal, metal oxide, stainless steel, and graphite electrode. However, little progress has been made toward electrode modification, particularly the cathode for the purpose of cathodic reduction and deposition. Meanwhile, emerging advanced materials, such as ionic liquids, have been presented to be prominent to the technological advancement of electrode modifications. It has been projected that by integrating different priorities into the design approach for electrochemical reactors and recent electrode developments, several insights can be obtained that will contribute toward the enhancement of the electrochemical process performance for the effective removal and recovery of heavy metals from water and wastewater in the near future.

scholarly journals Combined Photocatalytic and Electrochemical Treatment of Organic Matter and Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Lam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Photocatalytic Process ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Percentage Removal

In the present study, simulated wastewater containing methylene blue, Zn2+ and Ni2+ was treated by two treatment methods: photocatalytic oxidation and electrochemical deposition. It is found that methylene blue could be degraded more efficiently by combined photocatalytic and electrochemical process than by photocatalytic oxidation or electrochemical deposition alone. The percentage removal of methylene blue in combined suspended photocatalytic and electrochemical process was 46.1% after 72 hours of treatment, while it was only 36.1% for a single suspended photocatalytic process and 23.5% for a single electrochemical process. On the other hand, no significant effect was observed for the percentage removal of Zn2+ and Ni2+ in combined suspended photocatalytic and electrochemical process. The influence of liquid flowrate, wavelength and pH to the removal of methylene blue, Zn2+ and Ni2+ was also investigated.

scholarly journals Combined Photocatalytic and Electrochemical Treatment of Organic Matter and Heavy Metals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Lam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Photocatalytic Process ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Percentage Removal

In the present study, simulated wastewater containing methylene blue, Zn2+ and Ni2+ was treated by two treatment methods: photocatalytic oxidation and electrochemical deposition. It is found that methylene blue could be degraded more efficiently by combined photocatalytic and electrochemical process than by photocatalytic oxidation or electrochemical deposition alone. The percentage removal of methylene blue in combined suspended photocatalytic and electrochemical process was 46.1% after 72 hours of treatment, while it was only 36.1% for a single suspended photocatalytic process and 23.5% for a single electrochemical process. On the other hand, no significant effect was observed for the percentage removal of Zn2+ and Ni2+ in combined suspended photocatalytic and electrochemical process. The influence of liquid flowrate, wavelength and pH to the removal of methylene blue, Zn2+ and Ni2+ was also investigated.

Bioadsorption of Multiple Heavy Metal Ions by Rhizophora Apiculate sp. and Elaesis Guineensis sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
M.B. Nicodemus Ujih ◽  
Mohammad Isa Mohamadin ◽  
Milla-Armila Asli ◽  
Bebe Norlita Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxidation

Heavy metal ions contamination has become more serious which is caused by the releasing of toxic water from industrial area and landfill that are very harmful to all living organism especially human and can even cause death if contaminated in small amount of heavy metal concentration. Currently, peoples are using classic method namely electrochemical treatment, chemical oxidation/reduction, chemical precipitation and reverse osmosis to eliminate the metal ions from toxic water. Unfortunately, these methods are costly and not environmentally friendly as compared to bioadsorption method, where agricultural waste is used as biosorbent to remove heavy metals. Two types of agricultural waste used in this research namely oil palm mesocarp fiber (Elaesis guineensis sp.) (OPMF) and mangrove bark (Rhizophora apiculate sp.) (MB) biomass. Through chemical treatment, the removal efficiency was found to improve. The removal efficiency is examined based on four specification namely dosage, of biosorbent to adsorb four types of metals ion explicitly nickel, lead, copper, and chromium. The research has found that the removal efficiency of MB was lower than OPMF; whereas, the multiple metals ions removal efficiency decreased in the order of Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Cr2+.

Metals Removal and Recovery by Arthrobacter sp. Biomass

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2149-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grappelli ◽  
L. Campanella ◽  
E. Cardarelli ◽  
F. Mazzei ◽  
M. Cordatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Real Possibility ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Metal Capture ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Removal And Recovery

Experiments on the real possibility of employing microorganisms to capture inorganic polluting substances, mainly heavy metals from urban and industrial wastes, are running using bacteria biomass. Many strains of Arthrobacter spp., gram-negative bacteria, diffused in the soil also inacondition of environmental stresses, have been proved to be particulary effective in heavy metal capture (Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn). The active and passive processes in accumulation of metals by bacteria were studied. Our experiments have been done on fluid biomass and on a membrane both for practical use and for an easy recovery.

scholarly journals Ideal pH for the adsorption of metal ions Cr6+, Ni2+, Pb2+ in aqueous solution with different adsorbent materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Luísa P. Cruz-Lopes ◽  
Morgana Macena ◽  
Bruno Esteves ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Lead Adsorption ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Chestnut Shell ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Irreversible Effects ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract Industrialization increases the number of heavy metals released into the environment. Lead (Pb2+), nickel (Ni2+) and chromium (Cr6+) are among these toxic metals and cause irreversible effects on ecosystems and human health due to their bio-accumulative potential. The decontamination through adsorption processes using lignocellulosic wastes from agricultural and/or forestry processes is a viable solution. Hence, this work aimed at studying the effect of pH on the biosorption of the metal ions using four different by-product materials: walnut shell, chestnut shell, pinewood and burnt pinewood. These experiments were conducted with solutions of the three heavy metals in which the adsorbents were immersed to measure the rate of adsorption. A range of pH values from 3.0 to 7.5 was used in the experiments, and the concentrations were determined by atomic absorption. The results showed different behaviour of the biosorbent materials when applied to the different metals. The lead adsorption had an ideal pH in the range of 5.5–7.5 when the walnut shell was used as an adsorbent, corresponding to values of adsorption greater than 90%, but for the other materials, maximum adsorption occurred for a pH of 7.5. For the adsorption of chromium, the pH was very heterogeneous with all adsorbents, with optimal values of pH varying from 3.0 (for chestnut shell) to 6.5 (for walnut shell and wood). For nickel, the best pH range was around pH 5, with different values according to the lignocellulosic material used. These results indicate that the tested biosorbents have the potential to decontaminate wastewater in variable extensions and that by controlling the pH of the solution; a more efficient removal of the heavy metals can be achieved.

Reusability of metals/metal oxide coupled zinc oxide nanorods in degradation of rhodamine B dye

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Thi Le ◽  
Swee-Yong Pung
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Subsequent Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metal Metal

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the reusability of metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) to degrade rhodamine B (RhB). Design/methodology/approach ZnO NRs particles were synthesized by precipitation method and used to remove various types of metal ions such as Cu2+, Ag+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cr2+ ions under UV illumination. The metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance. The photodegradation of RhB dye by these metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs under UV exposure was assessed. Findings The metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs were successfully reused to remove RhB dye in which more than >90% of RhB dye was degraded under UV exposure. Furthermore, the coupling of Ag, CuO, MnO2, Cd and Ni particles onto the surface of ZnO NRs even enhanced the degradation of dye. The dominant reactive species involved in the degradation of RhB dye were •OH- and •O2−-free radicals. Research limitations/implications The coupling of metal/metal oxide onto the surface of ZnO NRs after metal ions removal could affect the photocatalytic performance of ZnO NRs in the degradation of organic pollutants in subsequent stage. Practical implications A good reusability performance of metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs make ZnO NRs become a desirable photocatalyst material for the treatment of wastewater, which consists of both heavy metal ions and organic dyes. Originality/value Metal/metal oxide coupling onto the surface of ZnO NRs particles improved subsequent UV-assisted photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye.

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution by Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Kusrini ◽  
Nofrijon Sofyan ◽  
Dwi Marta Nurjaya ◽  
Santoso Santoso ◽  
Dewi Tristantini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HApC) composite has been prepared by precipitation method and used for removal of heavy metals (Cr6+, Zn2+and Cd2+) from aqueous solution. The HAp and 3H7C composite with HAp:chitosan ratio of 3:7 (wt%) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The SEM results showed that HAp is spherical-shaped and crystalline, while chitosan has a flat structure. SEM micrograph of 3H7C composite reveals crystalline of HAp uniformly spread over the surface of chitosan. The crystal structure of HAp is maintained in 3H7C composite. Chitosan affects the adsorption capacity of HAp for heavy metal ions; it binds the metal ions as well as HAp. The kinetic data was best described by the pseudo-second order. Surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion take place in the mechanism of adsorption process. The binding of HAp powder with chitosan made the capability of composite to removal of Cr6+, Zn2+and Cd2+from aqueous solution effective. The order of removal efficiency (Cr6+> Cd2+> Zn2+) was observed.

A Review on Current Development of Animal Bone-Based Sorbent for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water and Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 897 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Sri Martini ◽  
Kiagus Ahmad Roni ◽  
Dian Kharismadewi ◽  
Erna Yuliwaty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Cow Bone

This review article presents the usage of various animal bones such as chicken bone, fish bone, pig bone, camel bone, and cow bone as reliable biosorbent materials to remove heavy metals contained in contaminated water and wastewater. The sources and toxicity effects of heavy metal ions are also discussed properly. Then specific insights related to adsorption process and its influential factors along with the proven potentiality of selected biosorbents especially derived from animal bone are also explained. As the biosorbents are rich in particular organic and inorganic compounds and functional groups in nature, they play an important role in heavy metal removal from contaminated solutions. Overall, after conducting study reports on the literature, a brief conclusion can be drawn that animal bone waste has satisfactory efficacy as effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly sorbent material.

scholarly journals A Comparative Electrochemical-Ozone Treatment for Removal of Phenolphthalein

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. García-Orozco ◽  
C. E. Barrera-Díaz ◽  
G. Roa-Morales ◽  
Ivonne Linares-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Diamond Electrodes ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Density Values

The degradation of aqueous solutions containing phenolphthalein was carried out using ozone and electrochemical processes; the two different treatments were performed for 60 min at pH 3, pH 7, and pH 9. The electrochemical oxidation using boron-doped diamond electrodes processes was carried out using three current density values: 3.11 mA·cm−2, 6.22 mA·cm−2, and 9.33 mA·cm−2, whereas the ozone dose was constantly supplied at 5±0.5 mgL−1. An optimal degradation condition for the ozonation treatment is at alkaline pH, while the electrochemical treatment works better at acidic pH. The electrochemical process is twice better compared with ozonation.

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