Identification of Species-Diagnostic ISSR Markers for Six Eucalyptus Species

Abstract Eucalyptus is planted worldwide for raw material in paper and rayon industry. It is a potential out-crosser and the natural populations are highly heterogeneous displaying strong inbreeding depression. Eucalyptus hybrids have been intensively utilized for their vigor, higher wood quality and resistance to diseases. Identification of species for hybridization is predominantly based on morphological characters and is not always reliable. Hence, DNA marker based species identification and hybrid validation is an important and efficient tool in breeding programs. In the present study, attempts were made to identify species - diagnostic markers for six eucalypt species (E. camaldulensis Dehnh, E. citriodora Hook, E. grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, E. pellita F. Muell, E. tereticornis Sm and E. urophylla S.T. Blake) using ISSR-PCR fingerprints. PCR amplification using seven ISSR primers resulted in significant polymorphism among the population from different species. E. citriodora and E. tereticornis showed monomorphic frequency of maximum 37.5% and minimum 14.3% respectively. Twenty species-diagnostic markers were identified for E. camaldulensis, E. citriodora, E. grandis and E. urophylla while no marker was detected for E. pellita and E. tereticornis. A maximum of eleven and a minimum of one species-diagnostic marker were recorded for E. citriodora and E. camaldulensis respectively. Among the twenty markers, nine were present in all the individuals of a particular species.

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Species diversity and phenetic relationship among accessions of api-api (Avicennia spp.) in Java based on morphological characters and ISSR markers

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fennalia putri Sabdanawaty ◽

Purnomo PURNOMO ◽

Budi Setyadi Daryono

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Leaf Shape ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Ecological Benefits ◽

Phenetic Relationships ◽

Phenetic Relationship ◽

Marine Areas ◽

High Diversity

Abstract. Sabdanawaty FP, Purnomo, Daryono BS. 2021. Species diversity and phenetic relationship among accessions of api-api (Avicennia spp.) in Java based on morphological characters and ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 22: 193-198. Api-api (Avicennia spp.) from mangrove groups is rich in economic and ecological benefits. Research on the potential of api-api has been extensively done, but no research is specifically focused on the identification of api-api. This study aims to identify species diversity and phenetic relationships of api-api in Java based on morphological and molecular characters. The morphological analysis was based on 35 characters and referred to the descriptor. The PCA analysis on the morphological characters of Avicennia spp. showed a high diversity. Morphological characters have a high effect on grouping patterns such as habitat, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf base, and petal color. Molecular observations were done on the polymorphism of DNA bands. The ISSR primers used were ISSR02, ISSR04, and ISSR10. PCR amplification of DNA was separated and visualized using a doc gel electrophoresis. The results showed a high diversity based on the percentage of DNA polymorphism. The research resulted in three species of Avicennia spp. in Java, namely Avicennia officinalis, A. alba, and A. marina. Phenetic relationships between Avicennia spp. form was based on similarity in character, not based on the area of origin. The environmental conditions in this study slightly opposed the character of Avicennia spp., which presumably due to the similarity in various marine areas of Java such as temperature, pH, and the required salinity.

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Behavior of xylans from the Eucalyptus species. Part 2. Characterization of 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from black liquors of kraft pulping of Eucalyptus grandis and E. urophylla

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2012-0035 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 123-128

Author(s):

Andréia S. Magaton ◽

Teresa Cristina F. Silva ◽

Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽

Dorila Piló-Veloso ◽

Flaviana Reis Milagres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Average Molecular Weight ◽

Eucalyptus Grandis ◽

Kraft Pulping ◽

Raw Material ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Exclusion Chromatography ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Black Liquors

Abstract 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla kraft black liquors (KBLs) were chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Doses of alkali charge, expressed as active alkali (AA), were 16, 17, and 18% while the sulfidity was kept at 25%. Kappa numbers of 19.1, 17.5, and 16.1 for E. grandis and 20.4, 16.8, and 15.4 for E. urophylla were obtained. At higher alkali charges, the recovery of xylans from the KBLs was lower and the degree of substitution of xylans with uronic acids decreased. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the recovered xylans was greater under conditions of mild pulping, i.e., in the case of pulps with higher kappa numbers. Mw of xylans ranged from 16.1 to 19.1 kDa for E. grandis and from 15.4 to 20.4 kDa for E. urophylla. The xylans from KBL may be useful as pulp modifying agents or as a raw material for advanced applications.

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Distribution of proazulenes in Achillea millefolium s.l. wild populations in relation to phytosociological dependence and morphological characters

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1079/pgr200568 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 136-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jolita Radušiene ◽

Odeta Gudaityte

Keyword(s):

Plant Biomass ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Raw Material ◽

Achillea Millefolium ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Morphological Marker ◽

Node Number

Millefolii herba is one of the oldest and most important drugs in Lithuania, used both in folk and official medicine. The raw material is usually gathered from spontaneous populations. It would be reasonable to develop methods to identify the populations which produce high plant biomass and accumulate high levels of proazulenes. The quantitative variation of proazulenes and their relationships with phytosociological dependence and morphological characters of Achillea millefolium from wild populations has been examined. The vegetation records were made at 140 growing sites of A. millefolium. The species was found in 29 types of community representing different growing habitats. The resources of milfoils prevailed in dry grasslands of Arrhenatheretalia communities and ruderal habitats of Dauco-Meliliotion. The data on productivity and morphological characters were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. A hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that higher productivity of A. millefolium populations was associated with their dependence on ruderal and segetal communities. The testing of A. millefolium plants revealed high variation for proazulenes in different communities. The proazulene-containing plants have been identified in 38% of all analysed cases. In the highest segetal and wasteland communities of Agropyretalia repentis, Sisybietalia, Digitario-Setarion, Aperion spicae-venti, Senecion fluviatilis only proazulene-free plants were found. Results of the ANOVA showed the proazulene-containing and proazulene-free plants significantly differed (P<0.05) for width of leaves and number of nodes. The presence of nodes in high number and narrow leaves in high proazulene-containing plants distinctly marked them from the proazulene-free plants. The study raised the possibility that selection based on the two morphological marker traits (node number and leaf width) and proazulene distribution in the populations would be effective for rapid identification of highly productive population(s) of pharmaceutical importance.

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Use of Highly Discriminating Morphological Characters and Isozymes in the Study of Spanish Chestnut Cultivars

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.131.6.770 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 131 (6) ◽

pp. 770-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Santiago Pereira-Lorenzo ◽

María Belén Díaz-Hernández ◽

Ana María Ramos-Cabrer

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Castanea Sativa ◽

Principal Component ◽

Market Value ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Minor Importance ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

And Cluster Analysis

Morphological characters (six traits) and isozymes (four systems, five loci) were used to discriminate between Spanish chestnut cultivars (Castanea sativa Mill.) from the Iberian Peninsula. A total of 701 accessions (representing 168 local cultivars) were analyzed from collections made between 1989 and 2003 in the main chestnut growing areas: 31 were from Andalucía (12 cultivars), 293 from Asturias (65 cultivars), 25 from Castilla-León (nine cultivars), four from Extremadura (two cultivars) and 348 from Galicia (80 cultivars). Data were synthesized using multivariate analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. A total of 152 Spanish cultivars were verified: 58 cultivars of major importance and 94 of minor importance, of which 18 had high intracultivar variation. Thirty-seven cultivars were clustered into 14 synonymous groups. Six of these were from Galicia, one from Castilla-León (El Bierzo), four from Asturias, one from Asturias and Castilla-León (El Bierzo), and two from Asturias, Castilla-León (El Bierzo), and Galicia. The chestnut cultivars from Galicia and Asturias were undifferentiated in genetic terms, indicating that they are not genetically isolated. Overall, chestnut cultivars from southern Spain showed the least variation. Many (58%) of Spanish cultivars produced more than 100 nuts/kg; removing this low market-value character will be a high priority. The data obtained will be of use in chestnut breeding programs in Spain and elsewhere.

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Relationship between Growth and Wood properties in Agathis sp. Planted in Indonesia

Wood Research Journal ◽

10.51850/wrj.2012.3.1.1-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Futoshi Ishiguri ◽

Kazuko Makino ◽

Imam Wahyudi ◽

Jun Tanabe ◽

Yuya Takashima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wood Quality ◽

Basic Density ◽

Tree Breeding ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pilodyn Penetration ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

The present study clarified the relationship between the growth and wood properties of 54-year-old Agathis sp. trees planted in Indonesia. Stem diameter, pilodyn penetration, and stress-wave velocity (SWV) were measured for all trees (35 trees) in a plot (30  30 m) located almost at the center of a stand. Based on the mean stem diameter, 10 standard trees in a plot were selected for measuring the basic density (BD) and compressive strength parallel to grain (CS). Core samples (5 mm in diameter) were collected from the 10 selected trees to determine BD and CS. The mean stem diameter, pilodyn penetration and SWV in the plot were 40.2  11.3 cm, 23.4  2.1 cm, and 3.85  0.43 km/s, respectively. No significant correlation coefficeint (r = -0.327, no significance at 5% level) was obtained between stem diameter and SWV. The mean BD and CS in the 10 trees were 0.42  0.03 g/cm3 and 28.1  2.7 MPa, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between BD and CS. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant difference between BD and CS values of the 10 trees, indicating that wood properties may differ among trees with the same standard growth in a stand. From these results, we concluded that wood quality improvement in this species could be achieved by selecting trees with high density and strength in tree breeding programs.

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Regression Analysis for the Identification of RAPD Markers Linked To Drought Tolerance in Sorghum

Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.22146/ijbiotech.15997 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Paramita Cahyaningrum ◽

T. Taryono ◽

Anto Rimbawanto

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Rapd Marker ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Raw Material ◽

Vegetative Stage ◽

Severe Condition ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

Logistic Method

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) can actually withstand in dry or drought condition better than other crops,therefore it can be grown at different agroclimatic conditions and its product can be used for different purposessuch as food, feed and industrial raw material. However at severe condition, the productivity will also dropdrastically. The aim of this research was to identify RAPD marker linked to the drought tolerance. In thisresearch, varieties of sorghum used as research materials were Durra, Zhengzu, the mutants of Durra andZhengzu (from 300 Gy gamma radiation) B-100 and Zh-30, and the F2 seeds from Zh-30 x B-100 and B-100 xZh-30. Drought screening was carried out using 0.3 % KI during sorghum vegetative stage. DNA extractionwas done using a modified CTAB method. PCR was carried out for RAPD analysis. PCR amplification productswere scored and analyzed using SAS program. The result showed that potassium iodide can be used fordrought screening during the vegetative stage and regression analysis using the logistic method can be usedto identify RAPD markers that is linked to drought tolerance in sorghum. The logistic analysis showed thatband A8-480 was linked to drought tolerance in sorghum.

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Evaluation of Eucalyptus Clones in Eastern Gangetic Plains of Uttar Pradesh, India

Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.9734/ajraf/2018/v2i430021 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Anubha Srivastav ◽

Anita Tomar ◽

S. D. Shukla

Keyword(s):

Soil Analysis ◽

Block Design ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Raw Material ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Annual Increment ◽

Planting Stock ◽

One Year ◽

Agro Forestry

Eucalyptus is among the most widely cultivated forest trees in the world over 22 million hectares (ha). It provides major raw material for the pulp, plywood and paper industries in India, so it is imperative that planting stock of high genetic quality be used to increase the yield from plantations. In India, Eucalypts are in improving stage for adoption at larger level and choice of suitable clones is still a big challenge in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. To assess the suitable clones of Eucalyptus for this region, an experimental trial was established under statistical design of Randomised Block Design for 13 clones (IFGTB 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, FRI-100,104,124) of 02 eucalyptus species (E. tereticornis and E. camaldulensis). The soil analysis indicated pH 9.3, EC 0.89 mm/cm, organic carbon 0.21%, Nitrogen 47.3 kg/ha, Phosphorus 11.3 kg/ha and Potassium 184.8 kg/ha. The highest value of annual increment in gbh belonged to clones IFGTB 6 (5.18 cm) followed by IFGTB 8 (5.12 cm), IFGTB 2 (4.74 cm), IFGTB 5(4.36 cm) and IFGTB 10 (4.02cm) amongst IFGTB series whereas in FRI clones, clone FRI 100 performed superior with 3.03 cm increment in girth after one year of planting. The lowest values belonged to clone IFGTB 9 and DDN 124 with 2.44 cm and 2.49, respectively. The clones with good annual increment in height were IFGTB 2 (3.85 m) followed by IFGTB 6 (3.80 m), IFGTB 10 (3.77 m) ,IFGTB 8 (3.55 m) and IFGTB 5 (3.30 m) in IFGTB series whereas in FRI series, FRI 100 (2.70 m) performed superior over other two clones. The survival of plants was in range of 66-100%. The clones of species E. camaldulensis in IFGTB series performed better over other clones/species. The evaluation of Eucalypt clones will be helpful for identification of promising clones for the specific region, thus, planting stock of desired clones may be raised for their further cultivation in field. The expansion of plantations of Eucalyptus in agro forestry will be helpful in reducing pressure of forests, increasing trees outside forests and upgrading the economic level of farmers.

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Screening of homokaryotic protoclones of Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) Imbach by colony characters and ISSR markers

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v39i1.5537 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 119-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahmudul Islam Nazrul ◽

Fan Xiao Lin ◽

Bian Yin-Bing

Keyword(s):

Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Agaricus Bisporus ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Fruiting Bodies ◽

Sequence Repeat ◽

Slow Growing ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Issr Primers

Among ten slow-growing protoclones of Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) Imbach, all appressed colonies showed slower growth rate and spawn run, and inability to produce fruiting bodies in substrate. Seven of 40 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers amplified 78 reproducible fragments, 48.93% were polymorphic, each producing 7 to 16 bands ranging from 0.10 to 2.10 kbp, sufficient to differentiate the protoclones from each other. Appressed protoclones were homoallelic at a number of loci that were heteroallelic in the parent, suggesting that they represented rare homokaryons. Thus, using morphological characters along with ISSR, polymorphisms could be useful for quick, easy, and accurate in distinguishing homo- and heterokaryotic isolates. Key words: Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) Imbach; Homokaryon; ISSR; Protoclone DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i1.5537Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(1): 119-122, 2010 (June)

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