scholarly journals Similarities and Differences in Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Cerebral and Myocardial Ischemic Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (s1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Angelina Stevanovic ◽  
Danijela Tasic ◽  
Nebojsa Tasic ◽  
Dalibor Dragisic ◽  
Miroslav Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
History Of

Abstract Ischemic heart disease and cerebral ischemia represent the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Both entities share risk factors, pathophisiology and etiologic aspects by means of a main common mechanism, atherosclerosis. The autors aimed to investigate differences and similarities in epidemiology and risk factors that could be found between both entities. In a retrospective sudy 403 patients were included and divided into two groups: group of 289 patients with history of myocardial infarction (AMI), and group of 114 patients with history of ischemic stroke (IS). All patients were evaluated for nonmodifiable risk faktors, which included age and sex, and modifiable, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, physical activity and smoking. Diff erences in some epidemiological aspects were also considered: occupation, marital status, alcohol consumption, exposure to stress. Patients with history of IS were significantly older then AMI patients (64.0 ± 9.9 vs 64.0 ± 9.9, p=0,028), with higher diastolic blood pressure (87,1 ± 10,2 vs 83,6 ± 10,4, p=0,003) and higher Sokolow-Lyon index in ECG, an also index of left ventricular hypertrophy (19,2 ± 9,1 vs 14,7 ± 6,5). Th ere were no significant differences between groups in the estimated body mass index and waist circumference. Differences between groups in stress exposure, occupation, alcohol consumption or physical activity were no significant. Patients in AMI group were more frequently male (199 (69%) vs 59 (52%), p=0,001), married (252 (87%) vs 88 (77%), p=0,037), smokers (162 (56%) vs 50 (44%), p=0,018) and with higher incidence od dyslipidemia (217 (75%) vs 73 (64%), p=0,019) compared with IS group. Incidence of arterial hypertension and diabetes was similar in both groups. Both entities share similar pathophysiological mechanisms and, consequently, main traditional risk factors. However, incidence of myocardial infarction increases with male sex, dyslipidemia, smoking and marital status, while incidense of ischemic stroke increases with age, higher diastolic blood pressure and also with ECG signs of left ventricular hypertrophy.

BLOOD PRESSURE, HYPOCHONDRIA AND DEPRESSION: MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF RELATIONSHIP

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
M. O. Pavlovska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular

Modern clinical diagnostics has standards and medical systems for the diagnosis of hypertension, advanced information technology. Mathematical models of the relationship between systolic blood pressure and psychological indices of hypochondria and depression have been described. Methods of mathematical statistics were applied as follows: factor, cluster, discriminant, regression analyzes, Markov chains, polynomial splines and neural networks, they were implemented in software products, such as NeuroModelDBPM, "Monitoring", VerMed. The presented model of interaction of systolic arterial pressure, Hs−hypochondria, D−depression confirms an importance of these states at an initial stage of arterial hypertension and allows the allocation of four options of psychosomatic relations in patients: organ and system somatic defeats of psychosomatic character, somaticized psychiatric reactions, reactions of exogenous type. It has been shown that disharmonious personality traits, risk factors, disorder of chronobiological structure of blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and its diastolic dysfunction contribute to the formation of nosogeny in hypertension. Their development is hindered by harmonious personality traits, keeping a healthy lifestyle, minimal changes in the chronobiological structure of blood pressure, a slight degree of left ventricular hypertrophy and its diastolic dysfunction. The leading cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hypertension are stress, burdened heredity, low physical activity, carbohydrate abuse, higher education and high socioeconomic status. Nosogeny in hypertension should also be considered as a risk factor, as well as should be taken into account in the stratification of the overall cardiovascular risk and accomplishing a proper adjustments. Key words: arterial hypertension, mathematical statistics, arterial pressure, hypochondria, depression, information technology.

scholarly journals High intense of the labour is a risk factor of stress-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in engine-drivers of locomotive engines in railway transport

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
A. V. Sorokin ◽  
O. V. Korovina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Different Levels

Prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients in dependence on blood pressure (BP) in professional groups of patients with high and low intense of job which is comparable with prevalence of risk factors ( smoking, hypertonic disease heredity, low physical activity, high body mass) and average levels of blood pressure is studied. The study included 853 males, working (engine-drivers and their assistants) with different levels of blood pressure (normal, high normal BP and hypertension). Controls were 330 males with lower intensity of labour. Higher (19%) prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was shown in engine -drivers with normal and high normal BP; prevalence in controls was 1,8 and 8,3% respectively. Patients with arterial hypertension revealed no such differences. Increased level of stress induced by high intense of labour is mediated by neurohumoral influences of stress hormones on myo-cardium. This can cause the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.

Abstract TP200: African American Young Adults with Ischemic Stroke Have High Rates of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hou ◽  
Elizabeth Aradine ◽  
Kathleen Ryan ◽  
Prachi Mehndiratta ◽  
Seemant Chaturvedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
White Women ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
White Men ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
History Of

Introduction: It is well known that African Americans (Afr-Am) have a higher prevalence of hypertension (HTN) compared to Whites. Few studies have compared Afr-Am and Whites for the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH; a marker of long-standing hypertension) in young ischemic stroke patients with and without a history of hypertension to assess hypertension severity and undiagnosed longstanding hypertension. We hypothesized that the prevalence of LVH by echocardiography would be higher in Afr-Am than in their White counterparts. Methods: We identified 1033 patients from a population-based case control study of young patients with first-time ischemic stroke (age 18 to 49 years old, enrolled from 1992-2006) from the Baltimore-Washington area. Patients (n=191, 16%) without an echocardiogram were excluded yielding an analysis sample of 842. Prevalence of LVH by echocardiography (Echo-LVH) were determined in those with and without a history of HTN, stratified by sex and race. Age-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals comparing Afr-Am and Whites for the prevalence of Echo-LVH were calculated by logistic regression. Results: Of the 842 young stroke patients included in this study, the median age was 43.0, 55.2% were men, and 48.7 % were Afr-Am. Echo-LVH was common in young patients with ischemic stroke, even patients without a prior history of hypertension. Afr-Am women, both with and without a history of HTN, had higher age-adjusted prevalence of LVH than White women. Afr-Am men with no history of HTN had higher age-adjusted prevalence of Echo-LVH than White men. Afr-Am men with history of HTN had the highest prevalence of LVH, but the age-adjusted comparison with White men with HTN did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that Afr-Am have greater end organ damage from HTN, even among those who do not have an established diagnosis of HTN. These findings emphasize the need for earlier screening and treatment of HTN in young Afr-Am adults.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Steven L. Demeter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass Index ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Hypertensive Disease ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Clear Explanation

Abstract The fourth, fifth, and sixth editions of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) use left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) as a variable to determine impairment caused by hypertensive disease. The issue of LVH, as assessed echocardiographically, is a prime example of medical science being at odds with legal jurisprudence. Some legislatures have allowed any cause of LVH in a hypertensive individual to be an allowed manifestation of hypertensive changes. This situation has arisen because a physician can never say that no component of LVH was not caused by the hypertension, even in an individual with a cardiomyopathy or valvular disorder. This article recommends that evaluators consider three points: if the cause of the LVH is hypertension, is the examinee at maximum medical improvement; is the LVH caused by hypertension or another factor; and, if apportionment is allowed, then a careful analysis of the risk factors for other disorders associated with LVH is necessary. The left ventricular mass index should be present in the echocardiogram report and can guide the interpretation of the alleged LVH; if not present, it should be requested because it facilitates a more accurate analysis. Further, if the cause of the LVH is more likely independent of the hypertension, then careful reasoning and an explanation should be included in the impairment report. If hypertension is only a partial cause, a reasoned analysis and clear explanation of the apportionment are required.

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