scholarly journals Cabeza de Vaca, Estebanico, and the Language of Diversity in Laila Lalami’s The Moor’s Account

Text Matters ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 320-331
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Maszewski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
European History ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cabeza De Vaca ◽  
First Time

Published in 1542, Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca’s La relación is a chronicle of the Pánfilo de Narváez’s 1527 expedition to the New World in which Cabeza de Vaca was one of the four survivors. His account has received considerable attention. It has been appreciated and critically examined as a narrative of conquest and colonization, a work of ethnographic interest, and a text of some literary value. Documenting and fictionalizing for the first time in European history the experience of travelling/trekking in the region which now constitutes the Southwest in the United States, Cabeza de Vaca’s story testifies to the sense of disorientation, as well as to the importance of psychological and cultural mechanisms of responsiveness and adaptability to a different environment. What allows the Moroccan-American contemporary writer Laila Lalami to follow that perspective in her book The Moor’s Account (2017) is an imaginative transfer of the burden and satisfaction of narrating the story of the journey to the black Moroccan slave whose presence in the narratives of conquest and exploration was marginal. In Lalami’s book, Estebanico becomes the central character and his role is ultimately identified with that of a writer celebrating the freedom of diversity, one who survives to use the transcultural experience of the past creatively in ways well suited to the needs of the current moment.

scholarly journals Consumer Preferences for Oyster Attributes: Field Experiments on Brand, Locality, and Growing Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Kecinski ◽  
Kent D. Messer ◽  
Lauren Knapp ◽  
Yosef Shirazi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dichotomous Choice ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oyster Aquaculture ◽  
First Time

Oyster aquaculture has experienced tremendous growth in the United States over the past decade, but little is known about consumer preferences for oysters. This study analyzed preferences for oysters with varied combinations of brands, production locations, and production methods (aquaculture vs. wild-caught) using dichotomous choice, revealed preference economic field experiments. Results suggest significant and distinct differences in behavior between first-time and regular oyster consumers. While infrequent oyster consumers were drawn to oysters labeled as wild-caught, experienced oyster consumers preferred oysters raised via aquaculture. These findings will be valuable for growers and policymakers who invest in aquaculture to improve surrounding ecosystems.

Law and War in the New World

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Douglas G. Baird
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Law Of War ◽  
Captivity Narrative ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
American Experience ◽  
The Law

James Fenimore Cooper’s first novels form an overarching narrative that attempts to capture the American experience. In The Last of the Mohicans, modeled on the captivity narrative, the civilized European world, bound by formal legal rules, overtakes a wilderness—but not completely, and not always for the better. In The Spy, the protagonist is both a social outcast and a true hero of the American Revolution. In The Pioneers, the central character cannot reconcile himself with the new society taking shape in the United States. Each novel culminates in a trial that turns on the law of war. The novels use the tension between the law of war and the inner moral compass of the hero to understand the fate of the young republic and whether it, too, is destined to suffer the fate of past civilizations, each of which was born, rose, and then fell.

Obsessions, Compulsions, Clozapine, and Risperidone

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Baker ◽  
Paul D. Bermanzdhn ◽  
Donna Ames Wirshing ◽  
K. N. Roy Dhengappa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Time

In the past decade, clozapine, risperidone, and olanzapine were marketed for the first time in the United States, and other new antipsychotic drugs are expected to follow soon. Also within the past decade, the efficacy of serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) has been demonstrated in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and the serotonin hypothesis of OCD has been articulated clearly.

Introduction to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Organization

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 109-110
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
New World ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Good Samaritan ◽  
The Past ◽  
Emergency Medical

Experience and history have taught us that much can be done for the sick and injured before such patients reach the hospital. From the legacy of the Good Samaritan to the modern day organization of emergency medical services, the immediate care of those stricken has undergone significant change in both philosophy and practice. While many prehospital care organizations with roots established deeply in the past still flourish, modern emergency care, in the new world at least, has developed rapidly only over the past ten years.In the United States, a concerted effort to improve the care of the wounded during the Civil War led to the introduction of the “flying ambulances” used earlier by Napoleon's Chief Surgeon, Larrey. Americans made significant contributions to acute care with the work of such noted men as Crile, with his form of external pneumatic counterpressure; Kouwenhoven, Knickerbocker and Jude at lohns Hopkins; Beck and the first reported defibrillation in a patient; Safar and his co-workers with the rediscovery of mouth-to-mouth; and many others.

Is There a Center to American Religious History?

2002 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Vance Trollinger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious History ◽  
American Religious History ◽  
The Past ◽  
American Protestantism ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Martin Marty

Over the past few years I have been dealing with a narrow version of this question, as it has applied to the history of Protestantism in the twentieth century. In our book, Re-Forming the Center: American Protestantism, 1900 to the Present, Douglas Jacobsen and I argued that the two-party model of Protestantism in the United States—conservative vs. liberal, fundamentalist vs. modernist, and so on—does not take into account the remarkable complexity and diversity of the Protestant religious experience in America, and in some sense presents distorted picture of that reality. There were scholars—including Martin Marty, who generously contributed a dissenting essay to our volume—who felt that we had overstated our brief against the two-party paradigm. More relevant for our purposes this evening, there were a number of reviewers who agreed with our critique of the two-party paradigm, but who also expressed disappointment that we provided only the barest outlines of a new or better metaphor or model to explain twentieth-century American Protestantism. While I had not gone into this project thinking that we would end the day with a new interpretive paradigm, I certainly was not surprised by this critique. The very first time I gave a paper on some of our preliminary findings, there was a scholar of U.S. religious history in the audience who squirmed throughout the entirety of my remarks; when I finished, before I had the chance to ask for questions, she blurted out: “I find your argument pretty convincing, but if you can't give me a new model to replace the old one, how am I supposed to teach my course on the history of American Protestantism?” Well, we broaden the topic from Protestantism in the United States to religion in the United States, it would seem that, in many ways, this is the issue we are addressing this evening.

State Constitutional Law in 1946–47

1947 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-732
Author(s):  
Foster H. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Time ◽  
State Constitutional Law ◽  
Constitutional Revision

The oft-heard argument in behalf of federalism that the states furnish important laboratories for social and political experimentation is illustrated by a good many new constitutional provisions interpreted for the first time this year. Two states, Missouri and Georgia, adopted entirely new constitutions in 1945, important sections of which have come before the highest courts for interpretation. One of these, the Georgia constitution of 1945, provides specifically: “Legislative acts in violation of this constitution or the constitution of the United States, are void, and the judiciary shall so declare them.” Such a provision may very well raise more questions than it settles—for example, what effects can be accorded unconstitutional acts?; can the other agencies of government refuse to perform under statutes they consider unconstitutional?; can the judiciary declare acts of the governor and other officers unconstitutional?; etc. Such questions have not as yet been raised. But there is some evidence that we may be embarking on an era of constitutional revision similar to that which followed the Civil War. If so, the problems of constitutional law now being discussed may furnish a clue to the kind of new documents to be written. This year the emphasis has been on civil rights and methods of adjusting state finances to the rapidly fluctuating value of the dollar—problems which naturally arise out of the intense social and economic conflicts of the past decade.

The Understanding of other Cultures: Latin America

1955 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Henry Grattan Doyle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Brave New World ◽  
Written Materials ◽  
Vast Area ◽  
Modern Sense

A POPULAR RADIO SERIES a dozen years ago, dealing broadly with the important area that is the subject of my talk tonight, was called (borrowing its title from Shakespeare) “Brave New World.” Braver still, in the modern sense, is the commentator who tries in a brief talk like this to deal with even one phase of the vast area, of some eight million square miles, and constituting about one-fifth of the world’s inhabited continents, that lies South of the continental United States. But I am what is called in Spanish an “Old Christian” in these matters, which may be roughly interpreted as the opposite of a “Johnny-Come-Lately,” as our own phrase has it. I have been a student of this area for nearly fifty years, a teacher of one of its languages, Spanish, and of the literature and other written materials published in that language, for more than forty years. During the past four years I have spent my summer vacations on educational missions that took me to all of the American republics except two—Bolivia and Paraguay. In some instances I have made two or three visits to individual countries during that period, supplementing a number of earlier trips, the first of which was in 1916. So I must be as “brave” as the fascinating and to us tremendously important complex of nations that make up the New World outside of the United States and Canada, which for want of a really accurate term we call Latin America.

scholarly journals Dressed in a Present from the Past: The Transfers and Transformations of a Swedish Bridal Crown in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizette Grad én
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
Museum Object ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
And Performance

Ever since the emigration from the Nordic countries the Old world and the New world have maintained an exchange of ideas, customs, and material culture. This cultural heritage consists of more than remnants of the past. Drawing on theories of material culture and performance this article highlights the role of gifts in materializing relationships between individuals, families and organizations in the wake of migration. First, I build on a suggested coinage of the term heritage gifts as a way of materializing relationships. Thereafter, I map out the numerous roles which a Swedish bridal crown play in the United States: as museum object, object of display and loaned to families for wedding ceremonies in America. The transfers and transformations of the bridal crown enhances a drama of a migration heritage. This dynamic drama brings together kin in Sweden and America and maps specific locations into a flexible space via the trajectory of crown-clad female bodies.

Neurosurgical workforce trends in the United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren N. Gottfried ◽  
Richard L. Rovit ◽  
A. John Popp ◽  
Kristin L. Kraus ◽  
Arlene Stolper Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the US neurosurgery workforce by reviewing journal recruitment advertisements published during the past 10 years. Methods. The number of available academic and private neurosurgical staff positions was determined based on recruitment advertisements in the Journal of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgery for the 10-year period from 1994 to 2003. Advertisements were evaluated for practice venue, subspecialization, and location. The numbers of active neurosurgeons and graduating residents also were reviewed. The number of advertised neurosurgical positions increased from 141.6 ± 38.2 per year from 1994 through 1998 to 282.4 ± 13.6 per year from 1999 through 2003 (mean ± standard deviation, p < 0.05). The mean number of academic positions increased from 50.6 ± 11.1 to 95 ± 17.5 (p <0.05), and the mean number of private positions rose from 91 ± 30.4 to 187.4 ± 6.8 (p <0.05). Subspecialty positions represented a mean of only 15.6 ± 5% per year during the first time period and 18.8 ± 3% per year in the second period (p = 0.22), and therefore the majority of positions advertised continued to be those for generalists. The number of practicing neurosurgeons declined after 1998, and by 2002 it was less than it had been in 1991. The numbers of incoming and matriculating residents during the study period were static. Conclusions. The number of recruitment advertisements for neurosurgeons during the last 5 years has increased significantly, concomitant with a severe decline in the number of active neurosurgeons and a static supply of residents.

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