Simulation and analysis of an aero-engine combustor with a slinger fuel injection system

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Y. Cohen ◽  
Artemii Sattarov ◽  
Kilian Claramunt ◽  
Jan E. Anker ◽  
Luigi Romagnosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Liquid Spray ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
Momentum Coupling ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is now central to the design process of aero-engine combustors, enabling optimal, safe and stable operation, increased efficiencies, and the reduction of pollutant emission. To benefit maximally from the use of CFD it is essential to account for the relevant physical phenomena, in particular the fuel spray breakup and its evaporation. Different strategies for modelling the injection of fuel spray are applied - in the simplest approach the fuel is assumed to be gaseous upon injection, in the most advanced approach the fuel is modelled, using a Lagrangian-Eulerian approach, as a liquid spray which breaks up, evaporates and eventually burns inside the combustion chamber. The effects of the various modelling strategies on the flow, temperature, and compositional fields are investigated. The radial distribution of the simulated temperature field is compared to experimental data, demonstrating that acceptable accuracy is only achieved when the fuel is modelled as a liquid spray and a two-way momentum coupling between the spray and the gas-phase is accounted for.

Simulation and analysis of an aero-engine combustor with a slinger fuel injection system

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Y. Cohen ◽  
Artemii Sattarov ◽  
Kilian Claramunt ◽  
Jan E. Anker ◽  
Luigi Romagnosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Liquid Spray ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Modelling Strategies ◽  
Momentum Coupling ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is now central to the design process of aero-engine combustors, enabling optimal, safe and stable operation, increased efficiencies, and the reduction of pollutant emission. To benefit maximally from the use of CFD it is essential to account for the relevant physical phenomena, in particular the fuel spray breakup and its evaporation. Different strategies for modelling the injection of fuel spray are applied - in the simplest approach the fuel is assumed to be gaseous upon injection, in the most advanced approach the fuel is modelled, using a Lagrangian-Eulerian approach, as a liquid spray which breaks up, evaporates and eventually burns inside the combustion chamber. The effects of the various modelling strategies on the flow, temperature, and compositional fields are investigated. The radial distribution of the simulated temperature field is compared to experimental data, demonstrating that acceptable accuracy is only achieved when the fuel is modelled as a liquid spray and a two-way momentum coupling between the spray and the gas-phase is accounted for.

Multi-component fuel vaporization modelling and its effect on spray development in gasoline direct injection engines

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (10) ◽  
pp. 1321-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Tonini ◽  
M Gavaises ◽  
C Arcoumanis ◽  
A Theodorakakos ◽  
S Kometani
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Fuel Vaporization ◽  
Swirl Atomizer ◽  
Gdi Engines

A multi-component fuel vaporization model has been developed and implemented into an in-house multi-phase computational fluid dynamics flow solver simulating the flow, spray, and air-fuel mixing processes taking place in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. Multi-component fuel properties are modelled assuming a specified composition of pure hydrocarbons. High-pressure and -temperature effects, as well as gas solubility and compressibility, are considered. Remote droplet vaporization is initially investigated in order to quantify and validate the most appropriate vaporization model for conditions relevant to those realized with GDI engines. Phenomena related to the fuel injection system and pressure-swirl atomizer flow as well as the subsequent spray development are considered using an one-dimensional fuel injection equipment model predicting the wave dynamics inside the injection system, a Eulerian volume of fluid-based two-phase flow model simulating the liquid film formation process inside the injection hole of the swirl atomizer and a Lagrangian spray model simulating the subsequent spray development, respectively. The computational results are validated against experimental data obtained in an optical engine and include laser Doppler velocimetry measurements of the charge air motion in the absence of spray injection and charge coupled device images of the fuel spray injected during the induction stroke. The results confirm that fuel composition affects the overall fuel spray vaporization rate, but not significantly relative to other flow and heat transfer processes taking place during the engine operation.

scholarly journals The qualitative spray analysis of liquid fuel in high-pressure piezoelectric injection system

2010 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Krzysztof WISŁOCKI ◽  
Ireneusz PIELECHA ◽  
Jakub CZAJKA ◽  
Dmitrij MASLENNIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Spray Parameters ◽  
Speed Of Propagation ◽  
Piezoelectric Injection ◽  
Fuel Injection Pressure

The paper presents the methodology and tests results of the influence of the fuel injection pressure and combustion chamber back pressure on the changes of the fuel spray geometrical parameters injection uniformity and its quality during the injection. While evaluating the geometrical fuel spray parameters the spray penetration, speed of propagation were taken into account and while evaluating the quality of the fuel atomization the outflow of the fuel from the injector were considered. The tests reported here were performed for one value of the air back pressure at the various injection pressures. The fuel doses were changed by modifying the duration of the injection. A significant influence of theses parameters on the values of the operating indexes of the injection and atomization processes has been noted.

Modeling Mixture Formation in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 931-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Rotondi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Wide Range

Mixture formation and combustion in a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine were studied. A swirl-type nozzle, with an inwardly opening pintle, was used to inject the fuel directly in a four stroke, four cylinder, four valves per cylinder engine. The atomization of the hollow cone fuel spray was modeled by using a hybrid approach. The most important obstacle in the development of GDI engines is that the control of the stratified-charge combustion over the entire operating range is very difficult. Since the location of the ignition source is fixed in SI engines the mixture cloud must be controlled both temporally and spatially for a wide range of operating conditions. Results show that the volume of the spark must be considered when discretizing the computational domain because it highly influences the flow field in the combustion chamber. This is because the volume occupied by the plug cannot be neglected since it is much bigger than the ones used in port fuel injection engines. The development of a successful combustion system depends on the design of the fuel injection system and the matching with the in-cylinder flow field: the stratification at part load appears to be the most crucial and critical step, and if the air motion is not well coupled with the fuel spray it would lead to an increase of unburned hydrocarbon emission and fuel consumption

Injection System Design Optimization by Considering Fuel Spray Characteristics

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breda Kegl
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
Cam Profile

This paper considers optimal design of an electronic control diesel fuel injection system by considering fuel spray characteristics. The proposed design procedure relies on the assumption that the atomization of fuel spray influences the diesel engine performance, fuel consumption and harmful emission significantly. As a measure of spray atomization the Sauter mean diameter is employed. The design problem is formulated in a form of a multiobjective optimization problem taking into account the Japanese 13 Mode test for diesel engines of commercial vehicles. Two different transformations from the multiobjective to the standard form are proposed and the results are compared to each other. The design variables of the injection system are related to the shape of the cam profile, to the nozzle geometry and to the control parameters influencing the injection quantity and timing. The geometrical properties of the cam profile as well as some injection parameters are kept within acceptable limits by the imposed constraints.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Fuel Properties on the Fuel Spray and Jet Characteristics in a HGV DI Diesel Engine Operated by Used Cooking Oils

2014 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buland Dizayi ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Alison S. Tomlin ◽  
Adrian Cunliffe
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Jet Characteristics

Fuel injection systems in modern diesel engines are designed and built to comply with very stringent environmental standards. They should also meet the highest level of fuel economy. Drivability, rapid response and easy and accurate control are a common demand. Changing the fuel characteristics could affect the performance of the fuel injection system. This study focuses on the evaluation of fuel spray characteristics of straight used cooking oil (SUCO) and its blends with petroleum diesel (PD) as a surrogate for pure PD. Used cooking oil blends have quite different physical properties from those of pure PD. Data for the lower heating value (LHV), density and viscosity were obtained from laboratory analysis. These data were merged with the physical and thermodynamic conditions of the diesel engine of interest to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of the fuel jet in 360° of crank rotation namely, the compression stroke, and the power stroke including the injection process. Engine operational conditions were calculated using a diesel dual thermodynamic cycle taking into account fuel injection adjustment at three different speeds, namely, idle speed, maximum torque speed and rated power speed. The results showed that fuel jet characteristics vary with SUCO content in the fuel blend. Two ranges of SUCO content in the blends were distinguished, 0 – 80% SUCO content and 80 – 100% SUCO content. Both showed a constant rate of change of jet characters per 10% increase in SUCO content in the fuel blend. Lower rates of change of fuel characters were observed at 0-80% SUCO content. The higher the temperature, the lower the rate of change of fuel jet characteristics.

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