Antimicrobial Isothiocyanates from the Seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam.

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor P. Padla ◽  
Ludivina T. Solis ◽  
Ruel M. Levida ◽  
Chien-Chang Shen ◽  
Consolacion Y. Ragasa
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Benzyl Isothiocyanate

4-(α-L-Rhamnosyloxy)benzyl isothiocyanate (1) and 4-(4’-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnosyloxy)- benzyl isothiocyanate (2) isolated from Moringa oleifera seeds were screened for their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and for their antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum using the disk diffusion method. Isothiocyanates 1 and 2 were found active at the lowest inhibitory concentration of 1 mg/ml against all Grampositive bacteria tested (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, B. subtilis) and against the dermatophytic fungi E. floccosum and T. rubrum. Statistically signifi cant differences were found between the mean inhibition zones (IZ) of 1 and 2 and the standard drugs, ofl oxacin and clotrimazole. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values confi rmed the good antimicrobial activity of 1 and 2 against S. aureus, good to moderate activity against S. epidermidis, moderate activity against B. subtilis, and weak activity against E. floccosum and T. rubrum. The in vitro bactericidal effect of 1 and 2 against the Gram-positive bacterial strains tested is suggested by MBC:MIC ratios of 2:1.

scholarly journals Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare Completely Inhibits the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Pesavento ◽  
Valentina Maggini ◽  
Isabel Maida ◽  
Antonella Lo Nostro ◽  
Carmela Calonico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Wide Range

Essential oils (EOs) are known to inhibit the growth of a wide range of microorganisms. Particularly interesting is the possible use of EOs to treat multidrug-resistant cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens. We tested the essential oil (EO) from Origanum vulgare for in vitro antimicrobial activity, against three of the major human opportunistic pathogens responsible for respiratory infections in CF patients; these are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Antibiotic susceptibility of each strain was previously tested by the standard disk diffusion method. Most strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics and could be defined as multi-drug-resistant (MDR). The antibacterial activity of O. vulgare EO (OEO) against a panel of 59 bacterial strains was evaluated, with MIC and MBC determined at 24, 48 and 72 hours by a microdilution method. The OEO was effective against all tested strains, although to a different extent. The MBC and MIC of OEO for S. aureus strains were either lower or equal to 0.50%, v/v, for A. xylosoxidans strains were lower or equal to 1% and 0.50%, v/v, respectively; and for S. maltophilia strains were lower or equal to 0.25%, v/v. The results from this study suggest that OEO might exert a role as an antimicrobial in the treatment of CF infections.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Combined Plant Extract of Pyracantha crenulata and Zanthoxylum armatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (29) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Semwal Amit Negi Sweta
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Plant Extraction

Abstract-Medicinal plants represent an essential source of drugs and have played an important role in healthcaresystem.PyracanthacrenulataandZanthoxylum armatumhave been used as traditional medicine. The main aim of the study was to find the antibacterial activity of the selected plants against bacterialspecies:E.coliandPseudomonasaeruginosa. The solvents used for plant extraction were hexane, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by Agar disk diffusion method. The hexane and aqueous extracts showed moderate activity whereas theethanolicextractsshowedasignificantantibacterial activity. In the study Tetracycline was used as standard. The combined ethanolic extract of both the selected plant showed the synergistic effect on the bacterial strain tested. This leads to the conclusion that the combined effect can have possible application in the development of products as antimicrobial.

scholarly journals In Vitro Testing of Salicylanilide Derivatives Against Some Fungal and Bacterial Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1496-1499
Author(s):  
Ioana Maria Carmen Ienascu ◽  
Diana Obistioiu ◽  
Iuliana Maria Popescu ◽  
Mariana Nela Stefanut ◽  
Osser Gyongyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Benzamide Derivatives ◽  
Effective Compound

In the dental office, disinfection and sterilization are a matter of utmost importance for both the physician, the medical staff and the patient. Twelve N-(2-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-benzamide and N-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-benzamide derivatives were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity against 6 bacterial and 2 fungal strains using the Disk diffusion method for susceptibility testing. The obtained results indicated that the N-(2-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-benzamide derivatives were more active against the tested microbes, inhibition zones of 6-12 mm being obtained, although the most effective compound against S. pyogenes proved to be N-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-benzamide (14 mm inhibition zone). The tested compounds presented no effect against S. aureus, S. flexneri, S. typhimurium and C. parapsilopsis at the tested concentration.

TRIALS OF THE DOMESTICALLY PRODUCED NUTRIENT MEDIUM «AGAR MULLER-HINTON II - OBOLENSK»

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 360-367
Author(s):  
I. S. Kosilova ◽  
L. V. Domotenko ◽  
N. K. Fursova ◽  
S. V. Dentovskaya ◽  
M. G. Ershova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

The results of the comparative tests of the «Agar Muller-Hinton II - Obolensk» nutrient medium developed in SRCAMB, Obolensk, and the control nutrient medium imported «Mueller Hinton II Agar» are presented in the study. The susceptibility of bacterial clinical strains to antimicrobial agents (AMP) was determined by the disc diffusion method and the method of gradient diffusion (E-test). The carbapenemase activity of the strains carrying the carbapenemase genes was determined by CIM-test. Total 173 characterized bacterial strains of species Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli; Photorhabdus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp. were used in the study, including producers of OXA- and NDM-types carbapenemases for gram negative bacteria. A high degree of coincidence of the results obtained on both nutrient media was shown. The consistency index of the strain sensitivity categories to AMPs (S, I, and R) was 98.2% for the disc diffusion method, and 94.4-100% - for E-test and CIM-test methods. Thus, within the framework of the Import Substitution Program, the domestic nutrient medium «MHA II-Obolensk» has been successfully developed. The nutrient medium meets the requirements of GOST R ISO 20776-2-2010 «Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems - Susceptibility testing of infectious agents and evaluation of performance of antimicrobial susceptibility test devices».

scholarly journals The influence of plant essential oils on in vitro growth of Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp. bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Schollenberger ◽  
Agnieszka Gadomska-Gajadhur ◽  
Ewa Mirzwa-Mróz ◽  
Damian Kret ◽  
Ewa Skutnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
First Report ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

 The activity of essential oils from Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus silvestris, Lavandula angustifolia, Juniperus virginiana, Rosmarinus officinalis and Citrus paradise against the soft-rot pathogens Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, Pectobacterium atrosepticum, Pectobacterium parmentieri and Dickeya solani was determined in vitro. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils will be evaluated using the disk-diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer [Bauer et al. 1966]. It was found that all the presented essential oils varied in antimicrobial activity against the four bacterial strains. No differences in the influence of streptomycin on inhibition of growth of the four bacterial strains were observed. Among six tested plants, essential oils from P. sylvestris had the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of soft rot bacteria from Pectobacterium genus. This paper constitute the first report on the activity of the essential oils obtained from J. virginiana against soft rot bacteria. They are also the first report on the activity of the essential oils obtained from E. globulus, P. silvestris, L. angustifolia and C. paradisi against P. atrosepticum, P. parmentieri and D. solani as well as on the activity of the R. officinalis essential oils against P. atrosepticum and P. parmentieri.

scholarly journals Anti-Shigellosis Activity of Cola anomala Water/Ethanol Pods Extract on Shigella flexneri-Induced Diarrhea in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Wambe ◽  
Paul Aimé Noubissi ◽  
Michel Archange Fokam Tagne ◽  
Angèle Foyet Fondjo ◽  
Gaëtan Olivier Fankem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

This study was undertaken to evaluate the activities of water/ethanol Cola anomala pods extract. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by agar dilution technique. In vivo, shigellosis was induced in healthy Wistar albino rats by oral administration of Shigella flexneri inoculum, 12 × 108 CFU/mL. At the onset of diarrhea, infected and normal control animals were subdivided into various groups treated with distilled water, with water/ethanol Cola anomala pods extract at 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg, or with ciprofloxacin, 2.5 mg/kg. After one-week treatment, rats were sacrificed, and blood and colon were collected. Blood was used for blood cell count. A portion of the colon served for histological studies while homogenate from the remaining part was centrifuged and the supernatant was collected for the determination of NO, PGE2, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels. In vitro, water/ethanol Cola anomala pods extract showed to be bactericidal, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2.0 mg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 3.0 mg/mL. In diarrheic rats, the extract significantly (P<0.01) increased the white blood cells and significantly (P<0.01) decreased stool Shigella density from the first to the seventh day of treatment. It partially restored the structure of eroded intestine epithelium and prevented weight loss; the dose dependently and significantly (P<0.001) decreased NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α production in the colon and was found to have no significant effect on PGE2 production. These results support the use of this plant in traditional medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments.

scholarly journals The Effect of Artichoke Ethanolic Extract on Antibiotic-Resistant Clinical Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Women

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Fazeli-Nasab ◽  
Moharam Valizadeh ◽  
Maryam Beigomi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory and lethal effect of artichoke on pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus and compare it with antibiotics in vitro. Methods: Ten strains of S. aureus were isolated from the vagina of women in Amir Al-Momenin Hospital of Zabol, Iran. The resistance pattern was determined by the disk diffusion method. Finally, the effect of the extract on bacteria was determined by the 96-well microplate method. Results: The results of the antibiotic resistance pattern showed that S. aureus samples had the highest resistance to oxacillin antibiotic and were sensitive to other antibiotics, and only one sample was sensitive to vancomycin antibiotic. The lowest inhibitory concentration of artichoke against S. aureus was 3.1 mg/mL, but five strains were inhibited at a concentration of 6.25 mg/mL. Conclusions: Ethanolic extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus pathogens. Further clinical research is necessary for clinical use of these extracts.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Bulgarian Endemic Species Achillea thracica from its Natural Habitat, and in vitro Propagated and ex vitro Established Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Gordana S. Stojanović ◽  
Veneta Kapchina-Toteva ◽  
Mariq Angelova Rogova ◽  
Snežana Č. Jovanović ◽  
Zhenya Yordanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Acetone Extracts

The present study reports the chemical composition of headspace volatiles (HS) and acetone extracts of the endemic Bulgarian species Achillea thracica Velen. from its natural habitat (N), in vitro propagated (IN) and ex vitro established (EX) plants. Additionally, acetone extracts were tested by a disk diffusion method for antibacterial activity. Irregular monoterpenes were the most abundant HS volatile constituents, while O,O-dimethyl quercetin was the most abundant flavonoid in the acetone extracts. The secondary metabolites of A. thracica grown in its natural habitat (N), propagated in vitro (IN) and ex vitro established (EX) showed that the qualitative composition is mutually similar, but there are differences in the quantitative composition. Considering antibacterial activity, IN and EX samples showed moderate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals Non-antibiotic compounds affecting the growth of urinary pathogens during urine culture: a preliminary in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Márió Gajdács
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Subtilis Atcc

Introduction: Urine samples are one of the most frequently submitted samples for culture to clinical microbiology laboratories, exceeding the number of most of the other clinical sample types. Various non-antibiotic pharmaceutical compounds may have inhibitory properties on bacteria, as many of these agents accumlate in/eliminated through urine. Methods: Sixty (n=60) pharmacological agents were tested during our experiments. Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 (ESBL-producing) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 were the bacterial strains utilized in this study. Detection of inhibitory activity among the tested compounds was performed on Mueller-Hinton plates, using disk diffusion method. Results: Nineteen (n=19) compounds presented with various levels of inhibitory activity on the tested bacterial strains (four compounds for K. pneumoniae, seven compounds on E. coli and sixteen compounds on S. aureus). The compounds showed the highest levels of inhibitory activity on B. subtilis ATCC 6633, which is one of the main bacterial strains used for the screening of the ’intrinsic’ antibacterial activity of urine. Conclusion: Our results suggest that further experiments, involving additional pharmacological agents is warranted, to establish the full extent of their influence on the appropriate culture of urine samples.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of substituted 4-aryl thiazole-2-amino acetanilides

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Priyanka . ◽  
Isha . ◽  
Keshari Kishore Jha ◽  
M. Vijayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumonia ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Excellent Growth

A series of novel 4-aryl thiazole-2-amino acetanilides (B1-B6) was designed and synthesized via the preparation of 2-amino 4-aryl thiazole (1) by acetophenone and thiourea which on subsequent condensation with α-chloroacetanilides offered title compounds. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1HNMR and Mass spectral data. The synthesized compounds were tested for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity against the four bacterial strains i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and two fungal strains i.e Aspergilus. Niger and Candida albicans using disk diffusion method. The synthesized derivatives demonstrated moderate to excellent growth inhibition of microbes. The compounds were also tested for their antiinflammatory and analgesic potential using carageenan induced hind paw oedema and acetic acid induced writhing methods respectively. A promising activity was observed in some of the title compounds when compared to standard drug diclofenac sodium.

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