Effect of intracanal time of triple antibiotic paste on its removal from simulated immature roots using passive ultrasonic irrigation and XP-endo Finisher

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different irrigation techniques in the removal of triple antibiotic paste (TAP), which was applied for 7, 21 or 90 days, from simulated root canals of immature teeth. Methods. The root canal spaces of 190 maxillary canine teeth were filled with TAP and randomly divided into a control and 3 experimental groups according to the intracanal medicament period (7, 21 or 90 days). Syringe irrigation (SI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and XP-endo Finisher (XP) were used for the removal of TAP (n=20). The amount of remaining medicament was calculated under a stereomicroscope using a 4-grade scoring system. Kruskal-Wallis H and Wilcoxon signedrank tests were used for statistical analyses (P<0.05). Results. The mean percentage of residual TAP was significantly greater in the SI group compared to PUI and XP at all the time intervals (P<0.05). Paste removal efficacy of PUI was not affected by the intracanal time of TAP (P>0.05), whereas the efficacy of SI and XP was significantly affected (P<0.05). No significant differences were detected between PUI and XP at 7- and 21-day intervals (P>0.05); however, at 90-day interval, PUI removed significantly greater amount of TAP than XP did (P<0.05). Conclusion. The time of the TAP in the root canal negatively affected the removal efficacy of the SI and XP-Endo Finisher; however, it did not affect the efficacy of the PUI.

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Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Apical Extrusion of Irrigating Solution

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697378 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 02 (03) ◽

pp. 198-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Tamer Tasdemir ◽

Kursat Er ◽

Davut Celik ◽

Tahsin Yildirim

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Control Group ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Apical Extrusion ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

The Mean ◽

Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACTObjectives: To determine the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on apical extrusion of irrigating solution.Methods: Twenty freshly extracted maxillary and mandibular incisors with single straight root canals were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files. During final irrigation, the root canals were filled with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and PUI was performed with a piezoelectronic unit. A stainless steel instrument (size 15) was inserted into the root canal and the irrigant was ultrasonically activated for one minute. This sequence was repeated three times, resultingin a total PUI time of three minutes. The volume of extruded irrigant was measured by Pipetman pipettes. The data were statistically analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: The mean volume of apical extruded irrigant was 2.15 �L for the PUI group and 14 �L forthe control group. The experimentalgroup extruded significantly smaller amounts of irrigant than the control group (P<.05).Conclusions: The PUI procedure as a final irrigation was associated with less apical extrusion of the irrigating solution. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:198-203)

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Passive ultrasonic irrigation in calcium hydroxide removal from root canals: a sem/eds analysis

Journal of Research in Dentistry ◽

10.19177/jrd.v3e32015668-677 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 668

Author(s):

Fernanda Hoffmann Busanello ◽

Angela Longo Do Nascimento ◽

Lilian Tietz ◽

Mirela Sangoi Barreto ◽

Ricardo Abreu Da Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Root Canal ◽

Control Group ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Eds Analysis ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Calcium Hydroxide Removal ◽

And Control ◽

Elementary Chemical

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different lengths of time of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) in removing calcium hydroxide (CH) paste from root canal, using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four human premolars were used. After coronal access, a size #15 K-file was used to obtain apical patency. Root canal preparation was performed using WaveOne 40.08 instruments. CH paste was placed into the root canal. Specimens were stored in a humid environment, and after seven days, they were divided into five groups (n=12) according to the irrigation protocols: Manual– a size #40 K-file; PUI/1– 1 min; PUI/2– 2 min; PUI/3– 3 min; and Control– without CH paste. An elementary chemical microanalysis (SEM/EDS) was performed to quantify the presence of calcium on the dentinal walls. RESULTS: The percentage of calcium was higher in all experimental groups when compared to the control group (P < 0.05); but no differences among them were found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The amount of calcium hydroxide paste on the dentinal walls was not dependent on length of time of ultrasonic activation. SEM/EDS analysis seems to be a reliable method to assess CH paste removal from the root canals.

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Does the Use of Use of Continuous or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols Improve the Removal of Smear Layer? A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1118207/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ramón Miguéns-Vila ◽

Pablo Castelo-Baz ◽

Saleta Aboy-Pazos ◽

David Uroz-Torres ◽

Pablo Álvarez-Nóvoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Pressure ◽

Root Canal ◽

Smear Layer ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Conventional Irrigation ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of smear layer removal after the use of different irrigation methods (passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], continuous ultrasonic irrigation [CUI], apical negative pressure irrigation and conventional irrigation) using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an analytical tool. A total of 100 single-canal teeth were decoronated and randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the irrigation method used: conventional irrigation with front outlet syringe, conventional irrigation with lateral outlet syringe, apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac), PUI with Irrisafe, and CUI with ProUltra PiezoFlow ultrasonic irrigation needle. Root canal preparation was performed with the ProTaper Gold system up to the F4 instrument and 5.25% NaOCl was used as an irrigant. After chemical-mechanical preparation, the roots were split longitudinally, and the coronal, middle and apical thirds examined. SEM digital photomicrographs were taken at ×1000 magnification to evaluate the amount of smear layer in each root canal third. CUI was more effective in removing the smear layer than the other irrigation protocols. However, none of the irrigation protocols were able to produce root canals completely free from smear layer.

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Apically Extruded Debris Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Associated with Different Root Canal Irrigants

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201902674 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 363-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rodrigo Arruda-Vasconcelos ◽

Marlos Barbosa-Ribeiro ◽

Lidiane Mendes Louzada ◽

Giovanna Dornelas Mantovani ◽

Brenda PFA Gomes

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Average Weight ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Root Canal Irrigants ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Chlorhexidine Gel ◽

Chlorhexidine Solution

Abstract The present study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using four different root canal irrigants, namely, 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (2% CHXg+SS), 2% chlorhexidine solution (2% CHXs) and SS alone. Sixty mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=15) according to the root canal irrigant used as follows: G1 (PUI + NaOCl), G2 (PUI + CHXg+SS), G3 (PUI+CHXs) and G4 (PUI+SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during CMP and the debris extruded from each tooth were collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed by using an analytical microbalance. Data were statistically analysed by using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test (a=0.05). Debris extrusion was observed in all groups, irrespective of the root canal irrigating, with 2% CHXg + SS being associated with lower debris extrusion compared to other irrigants (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between 6% NaOCl, 2% CHXs and SS. In conclusion, passive ultrasonic irrigation did not completely prevent apically extrusion of debris. PUI performed with 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution significantly minimized debris extrusion compared to 6% sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine solution and saline solution.

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Influence of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on the Removal of Root Canal Filling Material in Straight Root Canals

European Endodontic Journal ◽

10.5152/eej.2017.16062 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 10-10

Author(s):

Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno ◽

Marcos de Azevêdo Rios ◽

Marcelo Santos Coelho ◽

Alexandre Mascarenhas Villela ◽

Alexandre Sigrist de Martin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Filling Material ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation

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Comparative Analysis of Root Dentin Loss when Using Modern Mechanical Cleaning Instruments in Immature Permanent Teeth

Folia Medica ◽

10.3897/folmed.62.e39515 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 352-357

Author(s):

Krasimir Hristov ◽

Natalia Gateva ◽

Nikolay Ishkitiev ◽

Liliya Doitchinova

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Mean Values ◽

Root Canals ◽

Immature Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

Mechanical Cleaning

Introduction: The full decontamination and disinfection of the root canal system is essential for the success of regenerative endodontic procedures. The current literature does not have information regarding mechanical cleaning of immature teeth with contemporary endodontic instuments. Aim: To compare the thickness and volume of the dentin removed from the roots of immature teeth after endodontic preparation using XP-endo Finisher, GentleFile Brush and a standard H-file scraping technique through micro-computed tomography. Methods: The study included 51 immature permanent molars. Endodontic access was prepared and without performing preliminary extirpation of the pulp, the teeth were divided into three groups. The first group of teeth were instrumented for two minutes with XP-endo Finisher, the second - two minutes with Gentlefile Brush, in the third group the root canals walls were scraped with a No. 40 H-file. The thickness and the volume of the removed dentin was assessed using micro-CT imaging before and after the use of the instruments. Results: There is no statistically significant difference in the mean values of thickness of dentin removed between the teeth, prepared with XP-endo finisher and Gentlefile Brush. When comparing the mean values of volume of dentin removed between the separate groups, a statistically significant difference was discovered for every compared pair with the highest volume of removed dentin in the group prepared with a hand instrument. Conclusion: The endodontic systems tested when used in immature permanent teeth remove significantly less quantity of hard dental structures compared to a hand file for scraping the root canal.

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Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis from Root Canals: An Ex Vivo Study

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201300022 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 342-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru ◽

Gisselle Moraima Chávez-Andrade ◽

Norberto Batista de Faria-Júnior ◽

Evandro Watanabe ◽

Mário Tanomaru-Filho

Keyword(s):

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Canal System ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canal System

Endodontic irrigation aims to clean and disinfect the root canal system. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) is based on the use of an ultrasound-activated instrument into the root canal filled with irrigant. The aim of this study was to evaluate, ex vivo, the effectiveness of PUI in eliminating <italic>Enterococcus faecalis</italic> from root canals. Seventy-five extracted human single-root teeth were used. After root canal preparation, specimens were inoculated with <italic>E. faecalis</italic> and incubated at 37 °C for 21 days. Specimens were distributed into five groups (n=15), according to the irrigation method: PUI + saline solution (PUI/SS); PUI + 1% NaOCl (PUI/NaOCl); conventional needle irrigation (CNI) + saline solution (CNI/SS); CNI + 1% NaOCl (CNI/NaOCl); No irrigation (control). Microbiological samples were collected at three time points: initial (21 days after inoculation), post-irrigation (immediately after irrigation), and final (7 days after irrigation). Data were obtained in CFU mL-1 and subjected to analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. The post-irrigation samples did not demonstrate statistical difference between PUI/SS and CNI/SS nor between PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl (p>0.05), but PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl had lower CFU mL-1 number than the other groups (p>0.05). Statistically significant difference was observed between the initial and post-irrigation samples and between the post-irrigation and final samples (p<0.05) in all groups, except in the control. The final samples of all groups presented bacterial counts similar to the initial samples. PUI or CNI with 1% NaOCl contribute to disinfection, but are unable to eradicate <italic>E. faecalis</italic> from the root canal system.

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Antibacterial action of red and green propolis extract in infected root canal

Revista Odonto Ciência ◽

10.15448/1980-6523.2017.2.28930 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Mônica Misaé Endo ◽

Cyntia R. A. Estrela ◽

Ana Helena G. Alencar ◽

Júlio Almeida Silva ◽

Daniel Almeida Decurcio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Antibacterial Action ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Propolis Extract ◽

Root Canals ◽

Infected Root ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Conventional Irrigation

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the antibacterial action of 30% red propolis, 40% green propolis and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite with irrigation protocols in infected root canals.METHODS: During 60 days, twenty-four root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis. In all experimental groups were performed root canal preparation and two irrigation protocols - passive ultrasonic irrigation and conventional irrigation. In the groups 1, 3, 5 and 7 it were made root canal preparation associated to conventional irrigation with 30% propolis, 40% propolis, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and distilled water, respectively. In groups 2, 4, 6 and 8 it was made root canal preparation associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation with the solutions described above. The groups 9 and 10 were the controls (negative and positive). Samples of the root canals were collected and immersed in 7 mL of BHI, for 48 hours, at 37ºC. Bacterial growth was analyzed by turbidity of the culture medium.RESULTS: Antibacterial action was observed of 30% red propolis and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite when used passive ultrasonic irrigation and conventional irrigation after 20 minutes, but in 72 hours it was not effective.CONCLUSION: The irrigating agents and protocols were not effective to eliminate the microorganisms of the infected root canals. Clinical Significance: Propolis presents potential for clinical application due to its antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant and low toxicity properties.

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Radiographic evaluation of root canal cleaning, main and laterals, using different methods of final irrigation

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/rou.2014.053 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 333-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gisselle Moraima CHÁVEZ-ANDRADE ◽

Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU ◽

Lucas Martinati MIANO ◽

Renato de Toledo LEONARDO ◽

Mario TANOMARU-FILHO

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Radiographic Evaluation ◽

Main Root ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Artificial Teeth ◽

Contrast Solution ◽

Percentage Data ◽

Made In

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using intermittent or continuous flushing and conventional manual irrigation (CMI) on the cleaning of main and simulated lateral root canals.MATERIAL AND METHOD: The root canals of 24 artificial teeth were prepared and simulated lateral canals were made in the medium and apical thirds of the root. The specimens were divided into three groups: G1- CMI, G2- PUI 1 (intermittent flushing) and G3- PUI 2 (continuous flushing). Root canals were filled with contrast solution and the roots were radiographed pre- and post-irrigation. The digital images were transferred to Image Tool 3.0 software and the areas of root canal completely filled with contrast, and after irrigation with contrast remnant, were measured to obtain percentage data. Statistical analysis between groups was performed by ANOVA and Tukey tests.RESULT: In the apical third, G2 and G3 (PUI) groups showed higher percentage of cleaning than G1 (CMI) (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Passive ultrasonic irrigation using intermittent flushing promoted a higher cleaning of simulated lateral canals than conventional manual irrigation in the apical third. There were no differences between groups in the main root canal and the middle third.

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Effect of the Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation and the Apical Diameter Size on the Debridement Efficacy of Infected Root Canals: A Multivariate Statistical Assessment of Histological Data

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11167495 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (16) ◽

pp. 7495

Author(s):

Marcela Alcota ◽

Jimena Osorio ◽

Claudia Díaz ◽

Ana Ortega-Pinto ◽

Cristián Peñafiel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Ordinal Scale ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Principal Coordinates ◽

Infected Root ◽

Histological Data ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation

The removal of necrotic and vital pulp substrates and microorganisms and their toxins from the root canal system (RCS) has been found to be the basis for a successful endodontic treatment. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on the elimination of the organic remnant tissue from infected, narrow and curved mandibular root canals during their instrumentation. For this purpose, mesiobuccal canals from mandibular first molars were instrumented with the RaCe rotary system, using PUI activation or conventional irrigation (CI) and two apical diameters (#25 and #35). The root canal cleanness of the samples was evaluated by microscopy and using a modified Langeland’s ordinal scale. Parametric and non-parametric statistical analyses and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) of the samples were performed. When PUI was used, there was a significant reduction of the organic remnant in the apical enlargement of 25 at 2 mm from the apex (p < 0.001). After pooling the groups, regardless of the depth of the observation (2 and 4 mm from the apex), the pair #35 + PUI vs. #25 + CI showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). The effect of PUI explained 65% of the overall variance when compared with the CI samples. The use of PUI reduced the organic material of narrow infected and curved root canals with an apical enlargement of #25 and #35. When PUI is not used, a biomechanical instrumentation up to a diameter ≥#35 is recommended.

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