Mobility Limitation in Older Adults Residing in Nursing Homes in Brazil Associated With Advanced Age and Poor Nutritional Status

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rodolfo Torres de Araújo ◽  
Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo Ferreira ◽  
Javier Jerez-Roig ◽  
Kenio Costa de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Mobility Limitation ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status

A High Masticatory Muscle Tone Predicts the Risk of Malnutrition and Frailty in Inpatient Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yin-Hwa Shih ◽  
Zhen-Rong Hong ◽  
Shih-Min Hsia ◽  
Shang-Yu Yang ◽  
Tzong-Ming Shieh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Masticatory Muscle ◽  
Masticatory Performance ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The prevalence of malnutrition among inpatient older adults is as high as 20∼50%. Masticatory performance is known to affect the nutritional status of individuals. However, an objective measurement to reflect the real status of masticatory muscle performance is lacking at the bedside. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This pilot study analyzed the masticatory performance using surface electromyography (sEMG) of masticatory muscles that measures both muscle strength and muscle tone at the bedside. The nutritional status was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool. The handgrip strength was measured using a hand dynamometer. The statistical data were analyzed using SPSS 25 software. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The data revealed that female inpatient older adults more frequently had substandard handgrip strength (<i>p</i> = 0.028), an at-risk and poor nutritional status (<i>p</i> = 0.005), and a higher masseter muscle tone (<i>p</i> = 0.024). Inpatient older adults with an at-risk and poor nutritional status had an older age (<i>p</i> = 0.016), lower handgrip strength (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and higher average masseter muscle tone (<i>p</i> = 0.01). A high masseter muscle tone predicted the risk of having an at-risk and poor nutritional status. The at-risk or poor nutritional status predicted having a substandard handgrip strength by 5-fold. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A high masticatory muscle tone predicts malnutrition and frailty. Medical professionals should combat masticatory dysfunction-induced malnutrition by detecting masticatory muscle performance using sEMG and referring patients to dental professionals. Additionally, encouraging inpatient older adults to perform oral motor exercise is recommended.

scholarly journals Malnutrition among older adults living in Portuguese nursing homes: the PEN-3S study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Madeira ◽  
Catarina Peixoto-Plácido ◽  
Nuno Sousa-Santos ◽  
Osvaldo Santos ◽  
Violeta Alarcão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

AbstractObjectiveTo characterise the nutritional status and to identify malnutrition-associated variables of older adults living in Portuguese nursing homes.DesignCross-sectional study. Data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics, self-reported morbidity, eating-related problems, nutritional status, cognitive function, depression symptoms, loneliness feelings and functional status were collected by trained nutritionists through a computer-assisted face-to-face structured interview followed by standardised anthropometric measurements. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with being at risk of malnutrition/malnourished.SettingPortuguese nursing homes.SubjectsNationally representative sample of the Portuguese population aged 65 years or over living in nursing homes.ResultsA total of 1186 individuals (mean age 83·4 years; 72·8 % women) accepted to participate. According to the Mini Nutritional Assessment, 4·8 (95 % CI 3·2, 7·3) % were identified as malnourished and 38·7 (95 % CI 33·5, 44·2) % were at risk of malnutrition. These percentages increased with age and were significantly higher for women. Logistic regression showed (OR; 95 % CI) that older adults reporting no or little appetite (6·5; 2·7, 15·3), those revealing symptoms of depression (2·6; 1·6, 4·2) and those who were more dependent in their daily living activities (4·7; 2·0, 11·1) were also at higher odds of being malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.ConclusionsMalnutrition and risk of malnutrition are prevalent among nursing home residents in Portugal. It is crucial to routinely screen for nutritional disorders, as well as risk factors such as symptoms of depression and lower functional status, to prevent and treat malnutrition.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Malnutrition and Depression in Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes in Mexico City

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
María Consuelo Velázquez-Alva ◽  
María Esther Irigoyen-Camacho ◽  
María Fernanda Cabrer-Rosales ◽  
Irina Lazarevich ◽  
Isabel Arrieta-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment

This study evaluated the association between nutritional status, depressive symptoms, and the number of prescription drugs taken by older adults living in nursing homes in Mexico City. In a cross-sectional study, 262 participants were subjected to anthropometric and nutritional (Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)) evaluations; additionally, their depression (Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)) and functional status were assessed. Multiple logistic regression was used for identifying factors associated with the risk of malnutrition/malnourishment. The mean age of participants was 83.1 ± 8.6 years. A total of 59.9% and 21.1% were at risk of malnutrition and malnourished, respectively. With respect to depression, 27.9% of the participants had mild depression, while 11.4% showed severe depression. An inverse correlation between MNA evaluations and depression scores was found (Spearman’s ρ = −0.4624, p < 0.001); residents with a better nutritional status had lower depression scores. Individuals with depressive symptoms were approximately five times more likely to be at risk of malnutrition or malnourished (OR = 5.82, 95% CI = 2.27–14.89) than individuals without depression. Residents taking three or more prescription drugs daily (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.27–2.63, p < 0.001) were more likely to be at risk of malnutrition or malnourished. In summary, poor nutritional status was associated with depression, while the intake of numerous prescription drugs was associated with being at risk of malnutrition or malnourished.

scholarly journals Determinants of participation in a post-hospitalization physical exercise program for older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Urquiza ◽  
Iñaki Echeverria ◽  
Ariadna Besga ◽  
Maria Amasene ◽  
Idoia Labayen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status

Abstract BACKGROUND: Older patients often experience a decline in physical function and cognitive status after hospitalization. Although interventions involving physical exercise are effective in improving functional performance, participation in physical exercise interventions among older individuals is low. We aimed to identify factors that contribute to exercise refusal among post-hospitalized older patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study of recruitment data from a randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 495 hospitalized people ≥70 years old. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the Basque Public Health System database. We determined physical function with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), nutritional status with the Mini-Nutritional Assessment, frailty according to the Fried phenotype criteria, and cognitive function with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Student’s t, Mann-Whitney U, or chi-squared tests were applied for bivariate analysis. Parameters significantly associated with participation were introduced in a logistic multivariate regression model.RESULTS: Among the analyzed patients, 88.8% declined participation in the physical exercise program. Multivariate regression revealed that older age (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.19), poor nutritional status (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.69 - 0.95), and reduced home accessibility (OR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08 - 0.94) were predictors of participation refusal. Moreover, patients who declined participation had worse performance on the SPPB (P < 0.05) and its tests of balance, leg strength, and walking speed (P < 0.05). No differences were found between groups in other variables. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms low participation of older adults in a post-hospitalization physical exercise program. Non-participation was associated with increased age, poor nutritional status, and reduced home accessibility. Our findings support the need for intervention design that accounts for these factors to increase older patient participation in beneficial exercise programs.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12619000093189 (retrospectively registered): Registered January 22, 2019.

scholarly journals Effects of Polypharmacy on Appetite and Malnutrition Risk Among Institutionalized Lebanese Older Adults - Preliminary Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
Berna Rahi ◽  
Tracy Daou ◽  
Nour Gereige ◽  
Yara Issa ◽  
Yara Moawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives We aimed to assess the polypharmacy effect on appetite and malnutrition risk among Lebanese nursing home residents. We hypothesized that polypharmacy will be associated to lower appetite and increased of malnutrition. Methods A cross-sectional pilot study was carried out in two nursing homes in the North-Lebanon region. Fifty-three older adults (OA) aged 60 and above were recruited and were interviewed face-to-face. A general questionnaire was administered to gather information about their socio-demographics, dietary habits and physical activity routine. Appetite was evaluated by the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) validated for use with nursing homes residents. The participants' nutritional status was assessed using the Short Form of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF). Polypharmacy was determined if OA were taking 5 or more medications. Information about attitudes towards the use, the number and the cost of medications was also collected. Differences in SNAQ and MNA scores based on polypharmacy were tested using Independent t-tests. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association between polypharmacy and nutritional status after adjusting for several factors. Results Our sample constituted of 49.1% females with an average age of 67.6 ± 3.8 and BMI of 22.3 ± 1.7 kg/m2. The majority were widowed (79.2%) and had a low level of education (85% elementary education). Regarding the MNA scores, 33% had a normal nutritional status while 59% were at risk of malnutrition and 8% were malnourished, with an average MNA score of 10.1 ± 2.2. The average SNAQ score was 11.0 ± 3.3, with 85% scoring ≤14, indicating an significant risk of at least 5% weight loss withing 6 months. Regarding medication use, 50.9% of OA take at least 5 drugs/d with an average of 4.3 ± 2 drugs. Independent t-tests showed that MNA scores were significantly lower in those taking 5 drugs/d vs those taking less (9.4 ± 2.5 vs 10.8 ± 1.6, P = .024) while no significant difference was observed for SNAQ scores (10.3 ± 2.9 vs 11.6 ± 3.6, P = .13). Logistic regressions did not show any significant association between polypharmacy and MNA or SNAQ categories. Conclusions Lower MNA scores were observed in OA taking ≥5 drugs/d indicating a higher risk of malnutrition with polypharmacy. This is significant since malnutrition can further worsen the aging process. Funding Sources N/A.

Which risk factors are associated with poor nutritional status in dutch community-dwelling older adults?

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S61-S62
Author(s):  
J.W. Borkent ◽  
L.T. Schuurman ◽  
J. Beelen ◽  
J.O. Linschooten ◽  
A.J.C. Roodenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Determinants of participation in a post-hospitalization physical exercise program for older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Urquiza ◽  
Iñaki Echeverria ◽  
Ariadna Besga ◽  
Maria Amasene ◽  
Idoia Labayen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status

Abstract BACKGROUND: Older patients often experience a decline in physical function and cognitive status after hospitalization. Although interventions involving physical exercise are effective in improving functional performance, participation in physical exercise interventions among older individuals is low. We aimed to identify factors that contribute to exercise refusal among post-hospitalized older patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study of recruitment data from a randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 495 hospitalized people ≥70 years old. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the Basque Public Health System database. We determined physical function with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), nutritional status with the Mini-Nutritional Assessment, frailty according to the Fried phenotype criteria, and cognitive function with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Student’s t, Mann-Whitney U, or chi-squared tests were applied for bivariate analysis. Parameters significantly associated with participation were introduced in a logistic multivariate regression model.RESULTS: Among the analyzed patients, 88.8% declined participation in the physical exercise program. Multivariate regression revealed that older age (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.19), poor nutritional status (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.69 - 0.95), and reduced home accessibility (OR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08 - 0.94) were predictors of participation refusal. Moreover, patients who declined participation had worse performance on the SPPB (P < 0.05) and its tests of balance, leg strength, and walking speed (P < 0.05). No differences were found between groups in other variables. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms low participation of older adults in a post-hospitalization physical exercise program. Non-participation was associated with increased age, poor nutritional status, and reduced home accessibility. Our findings support the need for intervention design that accounts for these factors to increase older patient participation in beneficial exercise programs.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12619000093189 (retrospectively registered): Registered January 22, 2019.

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