Reflective Function and Borderline Traits in Adolescents

Despite the developmental roots of the relation between attachment-based reflective function (RF) and borderline pathology, there is a lack of empirical studies examining this link in youth. We examined this link taking into account potential relations between RF and internalizing and externalizing pathology. A total of 421 clinical adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 completed the Child Attachment Interview (CAI; Shmueli-Goetz, Target, Fonagy, & Datta, 2008), which was coded using the Child and Adolescent Reflective Functioning Scale (CARFS; Ensink, Target, & Oandasan, 2013), alongside a self-report measure of borderline pathology and parent-reported measures of internalizing and externalizing pathology. Exploratory analyses revealed no direct relation between RF and borderline features or internalizing psychopathology but a negative relation with externalizing pathology. Moderation analyses showed that externalizing pathology moderated the relation between RF and borderline pathology. Implications for understanding the various ways in which impaired RF may present in adolescents with BPD are discussed.

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Personality traits share overlapping neuroanatomical correlates with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology

10.31234/osf.io/he738 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Courtland Hyatt ◽

Max Michael Owens ◽

Joshua Gray ◽

NATHAN T CARTER ◽

James MacKillop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Self Report ◽

Externalizing Psychopathology ◽

Internalizing Psychopathology ◽

Profile Matching ◽

Human Connectome Project ◽

Report Data ◽

Self Report Data ◽

Internalizing And Externalizing

Although personality traits have been linked to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, the extent to which these traits and psychopathological phenotypes share a common neuroanatomical structure is unclear. To address this gap, we used structural neuroimaging and self-report data from 1101 participants in the Human Connectome Project to generate neuroanatomical profiles (NAPs) of FFM traits and psychopathology indices composed of the thickness, surface area, and gray matter volume of each region in the Desikan atlas, then used a profile matching approach to compare the absolute similarity of the FFM trait NAPs and psychopathology index NAPs. These analyses indicated that the NAPs derived from Neuroticism and Extraversion demonstrated medium to large positive and negative absolute similarities to the NAPs of internalizing psychopathology, respectively. Similarly, the NAPs of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness showed medium to large negative relations with the NAPs of antisocial behavior and substance use, respectively. These results suggest that similar neuroanatomical correlates underlie specific personality traits and symptoms of psychopathology, providing support for dimensional models that incorporate personality traits into the etiology and manifestation of psychopathology.

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A Critical Evaluation of the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire

10.31234/osf.io/5rhme ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sascha Müller ◽

Leon Patrick Wendt ◽

Carsten Spitzer ◽

Oliver Masuhr ◽

Sarah N. Back ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Sample ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Reflective Functioning ◽

Mental States ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Cast Doubt ◽

Psychological Impairment ◽

Latent Dimension ◽

Report Measure

The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8) is a short self-report measure of reflective functioning (i.e., the ability to understand mental states of the self and others) that is presumed to capture individual differences in hypo- and hypermentalizing. Despite its broad acceptance by the field and its regular use in primary investigations of the construct, we argue that the validity of the measure is still not well established. The current research elaborates on why the proposed scoring procedure may be methodologically problematic, the item content might not sufficiently cover the full breadth of the mentalizing construct, and it is unclear whether the measure captures mentalizing processes in particular or rather general psychological impairment. In a clinical sample (N = 861) and a sample of young adults (N = 566), we explore these critical considerations and demonstrate that the RFQ-8 may assess a single latent dimension related to hypomentalizing, but provides little unique variance above and beyond broad dimensions of personality pathology and is unlikely to capture maladaptive forms of hypermentalizing. The findings cast doubt on the validity of the RFQ-8 as a measure of reflective functioning. Future research should increase validation efforts concerning the RFQ-8 or develop new measures of reflective functioning.

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Measuring shame regulation: Validation of the Compass of Shame Scale

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.2016.44.11.1775 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (11) ◽

pp. 1775-1791 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Frans Schalkwijk ◽

Geert Jan Stams ◽

Jack Dekker ◽

Jaap Peen ◽

Jeff Elison

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Psychological Functioning ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Self Report ◽

Dutch Version ◽

Internalizing And Externalizing ◽

Report Measure

Shame is a powerful self-conscious emotion that can interfere with healthy psychological functioning. We examined the validity of the Compass of Shame Scale (CoSS), a self-report measure designed to assess shame regulation styles. In this paper, the construct validity of the Dutch version and two newly developed subscales of the CoSS were investigated in a survey of 324 adolescents. The results confirmed that the Dutch version and the two new subscales have satisfactory psychometric qualities. We also studied the higher level factor structure of the CoSS for measuring shame by introducing the concepts of internalizing and externalizing shame-coping styles and the results support the observation that the CoSS measures maladaptive neurotic internalizing shame regulation, as well as externalizing shame regulation.

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Development and Validation of a Self-Report Measure of Mentalizing: The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0158678 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. e0158678 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Peter Fonagy ◽

Patrick Luyten ◽

Alesia Moulton-Perkins ◽

Ya-Wen Lee ◽

Fiona Warren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reflective Functioning ◽

Self Report ◽

Development And Validation ◽

Report Measure

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Dimensionality and Reliability Assessment of the Pain Patient Profile Questionnaire

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.24.1.22 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brian E. McGuire ◽

Michael J. Hogan ◽

Todd G. Morrison

Keyword(s):

Self Report ◽

Pain Patient ◽

Fit Indices ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Oblique Rotation ◽

Pain Experience ◽

Patient Profile ◽

Adequate Representation ◽

Pain Patients ◽

Report Measure

Abstract. Objective: To factor analyze the Pain Patient Profile questionnaire (P3; Tollison & Langley, 1995 ), a self-report measure of emotional distress in respondents with chronic pain. Method: An unweighted least squares factor analysis with oblique rotation was conducted on the P3 scores of 160 pain patients to look for evidence of three distinct factors (i.e., Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization). Results: Fit indices suggested that three distinct factors, accounting for 32.1%, 7.0%, and 5.5% of the shared variance, provided an adequate representation of the data. However, inspection of item groupings revealed that this structure did not map onto the Depression, Anxiety, and Somatization division purportedly represented by the P3. Further, when the analysis was re-run, eliminating items that failed to meet salience criteria, a two-factor solution emerged, with Factor 1 representing a mixture of Depression and Anxiety items and Factor 2 denoting Somatization. Each of these factors correlated significantly with a subsample's assessment of pain intensity. Conclusion: Results were not congruent with the P3's suggested tripartite model of pain experience and indicate that modifications to the scale may be required.

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Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Child Version (OCI-CV) in General Population

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000276 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 97-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Tíscar Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽

Antonio Godoy ◽

José A. Piqueras ◽

Aurora Gavino ◽

Agustín E. Martínez-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Self Report ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Good Consistency ◽

Order Factor ◽

General Populations ◽

Report Measure

Abstract. Evidence-based assessment is necessary as a first step for developing psychopathological studies and assessing the effectiveness of empirically validated treatments. There are several measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or symptomatology in children and adolescents, but all of them present some limitations. The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) by Foa and her colleagues has showed to be a good self-report measure to capture the dimensionality of OCD in adults and adolescents. The child version of the OCI (OCI-CV) was validated for clinical children and adolescents in 2010, showing excellent psychometric properties. The objective of this study was to examine the factor structure and invariance of the OCI-CV in the general population. Results showed a six-factor structure with one second-order factor, good consistency values, and invariance across region, age, and sex. The OCI-CV is an excellent inventory for assessing the dimensions of OCD symptomatology in general populations of children and adolescents. The invariance across sex and age warrants its utilization for research purposes.

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Assessing Self-Efficacy in Presentation and Moderation Skills

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000423 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 564-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tobias Ringeisen ◽

Sonja Rohrmann ◽

Anika Bürgermeister ◽

Ana N. Tibubos

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Self Report ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Constructed Self ◽

University Course ◽

Correlated Factors ◽

Report Measure

Abstract. By means of two studies, a self-report measure to assess self-efficacy in presentation and moderation skills, the SEPM scales, was validated. In study 1, factorial and construct validity were examined. A sample of 744 university students (41% females; more than 50% between 20 and 25 years) completed newly constructed self-efficacy items. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) substantiated two positively correlated factors, presentation (SEPM-P) and moderation self-efficacy (SEPM-M). Each factor consists of eight items. The correlation patterns between the two SEPM subscales and related constructs such as extraversion, the preference for cooperative learning, and conflict management indicated adequate construct validity. In study 2, criterion validity was determined by means of latent change modeling. One hundred sixty students ( Mage = 24.40, SD = 4.04; 61% females) took part in a university course to foster key competences and completed the SEPM scales at the beginning and the end of the semester. Presentation and moderation self-efficacy increased significantly over time of which the latter was positively associated with the performance in a practical moderation exam. Across both studies, reliability of the scales was high, ranging from McDonald’s ω .80 to .88.

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