Ibermedia y el cine uruguayo contemporáneo

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Carolina Rocha

Since the last decade of the twentieth century, there has been greater audiovisual collaboration between Latin American and Spanish filmmakers and producers. The year 1998 saw the creation of Ibermedia, a program that brings together Spain and Latin American countries to collectively encourage coproductions. While it is true that the participation of Spain, a country in which Ibermedia has headquarters, and the stipulation that Spanish actors be used in the group's productions gave the impression that it was a neocolonial project, in its twenty years of existence, Ibermedia has led to continuous production of Latin American films. This essay is the first of its kind, tracing the influence of Ibermedia in the development of Uruguayan cinema in the period 1998–2018. Using data from Ibermedia and the Uruguayan Cinema and Audiovisual Institute (ICAU 2008), it is clear that Ibermedia's contributions have not only encouraged sustained film production in Uruguay and boosted the cinematographic careers of two generations of directors, but they also contributed to the passing of the 2008 film law and the creation of the ICAU. However, this study also shows that the Uruguayan coproductions financed by Ibermedia take a long time to be released and, with some exceptions, perform poorly at the box office, although they earn important awards and nominations. Desde la última década del siglo XX, existe una mayor colaboración audiovisual entre cineastas y productores latinoamericanos y españoles. En 1998, surgió Ibermedia, un programa que nuclea a países latinoamericanos y España que participan de un fondo común que fomenta coproducciones. Si bien es cierto que la participación de España, país en el cual Ibermedia tiene domicilio legal, y la condición de utilizar actores españoles dieron la impresión de que se trataba de un programa neocolonial, en sus veinte años de existencia, Ibermedia ha propiciado una producción continua de películas latinoamericanas. Este ensayo es el primero de su clase, que traza la influencia de Ibermedia en el desarrollo del cine uruguayo en el período 1998–2018. Utilizando datos de Ibermedia y del Instituto de Cine y Audiovisual del Uruguay (ICAU 2008), es posible ver cómo los aportes de Ibermedia no solo alentaron una producción uruguaya sostenida que ha impulsado las carreras cinematográficas de dos generaciones de directores, sino que también contribuyeron a la aprobación de la ley de cine del 2008 y la creación del ICAU. Sin embargo, este estudio también pone en evidencia que las coproducciones uruguayas financiadas por Ibermedia se demoran en ser estrenadas y, con algunas excepciones, tienen un débil desempeño en las taquillas, aunque consiguen premios y nominaciones de importancia. Desde a última década do século XX, ocorre maior colaboração entre cineastas e produtores latino-americanos e espanhóis. O ano de 1998 testemunhou a criação do Ibermedia, programa que reúne a Espanha e países da América Latina para incentivar coletivamente coproduções. Enquanto é verdade que a participação da Espanha, país onde o Ibermedia possui residência legal, e a estipulação que atores espanhóis possam ser usados em produções do grupo dão a impressão de que o projeto seja necolonial, em seus vinte anos de existência o Ibermedia levou à produção contínua de filmes latino-americanos. Este ensaio é o primeiro de seu gênero, traçando a influência do Ibermedia no desenvolvimento do cinema uruguaio no período de 1998 a 2018. Usando dados do Ibermedia e do Instituto Uruguaio de Cinema e Audiovisual (ICAU 2008), fica claro que as contribuições do Ibermedia não apenas incentivaram a produção sustentada de filmes no Uruguai, como também impulsionaram as carreiras cinematográficas de duas gerações de diretores. Eles também contribuíram para a aprovação da lei cinematográfica de 2008 e a criação do ICAU. No entanto, este estudo também mostra que as coproduções uruguaias financiadas pela Ibermedia demoram muito tempo para serem divulgadas e, com algumas exceções, apresentam um desempenho ruim nas bilheterias, embora recebam importantes prêmios e indicações.

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (206-07-08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Carnoy ◽  
Amber Gove ◽  
Jeffery Marshall

Apresenta os resultados de uma análise de práticas de ensino, utilizando dados do Brasil, do Chile e de Cuba. Esses dados incluem fitas de vídeo de 10 a 12 aulas de matemática para a 3ª série de cada país. Cada fita foi analisada mediante um instrumento de observação que enfoca a estrutura da turma, seu nível de engajamento e outros indicadores de processo. Adicionalmente, foi utilizado um sistema de mensuração do nível de conteúdo, visando entender o conceito da aula, o nível de demanda cognitiva e a interação entre a professora e a turma. Em conjunto, esses dois instrumentos são utilizados para aprofundar a análise das variações na pontuação obtida nos testes por Cuba e pelos demais países latino-americanos. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas entre as aulas observadas nos três países, tanto em relação às práticas adotadas pelos professores no manejo das classes, quanto no que diz respeito à dificuldade relativa dos conteúdos abordados. As aulas cubanas e as aulas das escolas privadas conveniadas do Chile se destacaram positivamente em comparação com aquelas observadas nas escolas brasileiras e nas escolas públicas chilenas. Palavras-chave: práticas de ensino; educação matemática; ensino fundamental; educação comparada; Brasil, Chile, Cuba. Abstract The paper presents the results of an analysis of teaching practices, using data of Brazil, Chile and Cuba. Those data include videos from 10 to 12 mathematics classes for to 3rd grades of each country. Each video was analyzed by means of an observation instrument that focuses the structure of the group, the engagement level and other process indicators. In addition, a system of content level was used, seeking to understand the concept of the class, the level of cognitive demand and the interaction between the teacher and the group. Those two instruments are jointly used to deepen the analysis of the variations in the punctuation obtained in the tests by Cuba and by the other Latin-American countries. The results reveal significant differences among the classes observed within the three countries, so much in relation to the practices adopted by the teachers in the handling of the classes, as in what concerns the relative difficulty of the approached contents. The Cuban classes and the classes of private schools in Chile stood out positively in comparison with those observed at the Brazilian schools and at Chilean public schools. Keywords: teaching practices; mathematics teaching; basic education; comparative study: Brazil, Chile, Cuba.


2002 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Andrzej Dembicz

Short description The essay describes the problem of space and identity in Latin American countries. In this context, it is hard to designate the definition of space. The definition of space in Latin America has aspects and dimensions. It escapes mono-dimensional definitions. In general it can be argued that both physically existing spaces and the concepts of space are involved in the creation of Latin American identity. Short description written by Michał Gilewski


Author(s):  
José Manuel Saiz Álvarez ◽  
Alicia Coduras Martínez ◽  
Carlos Cuervo Arango

As the world economy is globalized, crises are rapidly spread due to the massive use of ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies), also affecting the entrepreneurial values involved in business creation processes. In this sense, digital marketing has a key role to play, as it can serve as a tool based on technology applied to foster nascent entrepreneurship. Using data for GEM Latin American countries, and applying clustering analysis based on the K-means method, the objective of this work is to test if the actual First Global Financial Crisis (FGFC) has altered the entrepreneurial values in Latin American firms. The main result of this work is that the traits of entrepreneurial activity in GEM Latin American countries have progressively shifted from quantity to quality, so digital marketing is having an increasing importance.


Author(s):  
Ana Capilla Casco

Higher education is one of the top priority OEI’s lines of action, according to the mandate granted by the Iberoamerican Education ministers to the organization. This is explained by the increasing number of university students and the fact higher education is key to overcome the “productivity trap” the Latin American countries suffered specially. And the every time more pressing need of achieving a long time desired aim: to build an Iberoamerican area of higher education and research. All these elements are integrated in the strategy University Iberoamerica 2030 planned by the OEI for the next decade, and which mark a clear path for the higher education institutes


2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Alberto Leer Guillén

<p>Este artículo presenta la implementación de planes estratégicos por medio de la metodología de clase mundial del Balanced Scorecard de Kaplan y Norton en ministerios de varios países de América Latina, así como las adaptaciones necesarias, experiencias y lecciones aprendidas en el proceso.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This article presents the implementation of strategic plans using the methodology of Kaplan and Norton´s world class balanced scorecard with required adaptations in several Latin American countries ministries, and the knowledge and lessons learned in the process<strong><br /></strong></p>


2009 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Briceño-León

RESUMEN: El artículo analiza la situación de la violencia homicida en América Latina, cuál es su ubicación en la situación mundial de violencia y cuáles serían las posibles explicaciones para el lugar que ocupa. Utilizando la base de datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud se clasifican las regiones por su tasa de homicidios y se ubica a América Latina como la región más violenta. Los países de América Latina son clasificados en cuatro grupos de acuerdo a la relación de su tasa de homicidios con la tasa media mundial y se caracterizan socialmente las víctimas.Para interpretar esa situación se relacionan con los niveles de urbanización y pobreza y se presentan los factores que pueden originar, fomentar y facilitar el incremento o disminución de los homicidios y su potencial utilidad en las políticas públicas.ABSTRACT: This article explores the situation of homicide violence in Latin America, its position within the worlds violence situation and the possible explanations for that position. Using the data bases of the World Health Organization, regions are classified by their homicide rates, which puts Latin America as the most violent region. Latin American countries are set in four groups according to the relation of their homicide rates with the world’s rate, and a social classification of victims is built. For interpreting this situation, those factors are put in relation with the levels of urbanization and poverty, and the possible causes of the increase or decrease of homicides are presented, as well as their potential utility for public policy making.


2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Jorge Rojas Hernández

Historically, Latin American social development has been diverse and heterogeneous. It depends on the use of natural resources (with greater or less added value and productive diversity), the influence of social movements, the role of political parties, the level of education, and the prevailing culture. Inequality and social exclusion are still prevalent in most Latin American countries. Poverty and environmental deterioration tend to be correlated. Therefore strategies for mitigation of and adaptation to climate change must consider measures for overcoming poverty and reducing inequality. El desarrollo social en América Latina es históricamente muy diverso y heterogéneo. Depende del uso de los recursos naturales — con mayor o menor valor agregado y diversidad productiva —, de la influencia de los movimientos sociales, del papel de los partidos políticos, del nivel educacional alcanzado y del tipo de cultura imperante en las diferentes sociedades. Aún persiste la desigualdad y altos índices de exclusión social en la mayoría de los países latinoamericanos. Pobreza y deterioro del medio ambiente suelen correlacionarse. Los pobres por lo general viven en territorios degradados y vulnerables. Las estrategias de mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático deben, en consecuencia, contemplar medidas de superación de la pobreza y disminución de los niveles de desigualdad social y ambiental.


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