scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Stunting and Motor Skill Development of Toddlers in Urban and Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Syifa F Syihab ◽  
Mesa Rahmi Stephani ◽  
Isti Kumalasari ◽  
Adang Suherman
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Motor Skill Development ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The development of child motor skills is closely related to nutritional status. Stunted children generally experience delays in motor development. The objective was to determine the relationship between stunting, socioeconomic status, and children’s motor skill development. This research was conducted in 2018 using a cross-sectional method. Respondents were 80 children aged 48-60 months in urban and rural areas of West Java. The researcher used a simple random technique data collection on anthropometric, socioeconomic, and motor skills development. Then it was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher exact methods. The researcher used a simple random technique data collection on anthropometric, socioeconomic, and motor skills development. Then it was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher exact methods. We found that stunting prevalence in rural areas was higher than in urban areas. As much as 30 % of children in rural areas and only 12.5 % of children in urban areas were categorized as stunted. There is no significant association between stunting with the family’s socioeconomic status and motor skill development. The weight for the age variable showed a significant association with stunting. Children who are malnourished have a stunting risk of 10.9 times greater than normal children (OR 10.9 p < 0.001).

scholarly journals Development of fundamental motor skills in children of a public school in the city of Sao Paulo

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Decio Rodrigues ◽  
Eric Leal Avigo ◽  
Jose Angelo Barela
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Fundamental Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill Development

BACKGROUND: One common observation is that Brazilian children are failing to achieve the expected proficiency, regarding the chronological age, in performing gross motor skills. PURPOSE: The aim was to verify the development of fundamental motor skills of 6- and 9-year-old children from a public school of São Paulo city. METHOD: Eight two children were selected from the first and fourth Elementary year, 40 children from the first grade (6.6 year-old, 20 boys and 20 girls) and 42 children from the fourth grade (9.2 year-old, 21 boys and 21 girls). Children were videotaped performing the Test of Gross Motor Development tasks, locomotor and object-control subtests. Three experimenters inspected the video images and rated the children’s performance following the suggested criteria. RESULTS: Nine-year-old children were advanced in fundamental motor skill performance compared to 6-year-old, but children from both age groups are delayed to the expected fundamental motor skill development. Moreover, the developmental delay is even worse as chronological age increases, with 6-year-old rated as poor whereas 9-year-old children are rated as very poor in fundamental motor skill development. CONCLUSION: These results raise several concerns regarding the importance of mastering the basic motor skills and future enrolment in motor activities.

scholarly journals KEGIATAN MERONCE UNTUK PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Cahniyo Wijaya Kuswanto ◽  
Dinda Marsya ◽  
Agus Jatmiko ◽  
Dona Dinda Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Study Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fine Motor Skill ◽  
Motor Skill Development ◽  
Post Test

Keterlambatan perkembangan motorik halus dapat berdampak pada menurunnya kekuatan otot dan jari-lengan. Bentuk kegiatan yang dapat mengembangkan motorik halus anak salah satunya kegiatan meronce. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan meronce terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia 5-6 tahun. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen dengan jenis design one group pre-test and post-test. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun, yaitu kelompok B2 sebagai eksperimen dengan berjumlah 15 anak yang dilakukan di RA Al-Ikhwan School selama Bulan Juni 2020. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t dengan program SPSS v.24. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipakai pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan data hasil uji-t memperoleh nilai Sig (2-tailed ) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, artinya  diterima dan   ditolak. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, ada pengaruh kegiatan meronce terhadap perkembangan motorik halus anak usia 5-6 tahun. Dengan demikian disarankan kegiatan meronce menjadi kegiatan yang dilakukan secara rutin yang  diberikan pada anak usia 5-6 tahun, sehingga berkembangnya motorik halus.   : Delay in fine motor skill development can lead to decrease strength in muscles and fingers. One form of activity that can help develop children's fine motor skills is arranging beads into trinkets such as necklaces. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of this activity on fine motor skill development of children aged 5-6 years. This study was conducted at RA Al-Ikhwan School in June 2020 with 15 children aged 5-6 years as participants.One group pre- and post-test design experiment is used in this study. Data was gathered through observation, interviews and documentation which then analysed using t-test of SPSS v.24. Based on the t-test results, the Sig (2-tailed) value is 0.000 <0.05, means that  is accepted while H0 is rejected. The conclusion of this study, there is an effect of beads arranging  activity on fine motor skill development of children aged 5-6 years. Thus it is recommended that beads arranging activity is needed to be carried out routinely for children aged 5-6 years in order to help develop motor skills.

scholarly journals Dual-Task Balance Training for Motor Skill Development among Children with Intelligence Quotient Discrepancy

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ebrar Atak ◽  
Zeliha Candan Algun
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Mental Disabilities ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Motor Skill Development

The motor skills of people with mental disabilities are reportedly reduced compared with those of their peers. Therefore, any task incorporating both motor and cognitive skills was hypothesized to provide better motor recovery. The aim of this study is to find the effect of dual-task balance training (DTBT) on motor skill development in children of 6–13 years with intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD) (score: 50–79). Overall, 30 individuals with mental disabilities aged 6–13 years having an IQ score of 50–79 were included. The participants were randomly divided into two groups that received dual-task training and standard balance training, respectively. IQ was measured with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, motor proficiency with the Bruininks–Oseretsky test, reaction time with COGNIBOARD, and balance with Functional Reach Test scores. Intervention was provided twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Participants in both groups showed higher test scores in all tests after the training program. Both training programs positively affected the motor performance of the participants. The DTBT was more effective in improving balance performance than the standard balance training. DTBT is a better tool than conventional balance training for improving motor skills and balance in children of 6–13 years with IQD (score: 50–79).

scholarly journals Fundamental motor skills for 10 and 12 & under tennis players

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (69) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Sackey-Addo ◽  
Javier Pérez ◽  
Miguel Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Summary Table ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Fundamental Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill Acquisition ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Motor Skill Development

In this article an overview of the main characteristics of motor skill development for 10 and 12 & under tennis players are presented. Several key concepts related to this crucial area will be introduced and defined. A summary table including several guidelines on fundamental motor skill acquisition for the different stages of development is presented.

Anisometropia in the 5th and 6th school years

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A F Nunes ◽  
A S Nunes ◽  
P Monteiro ◽  
C R Martins ◽  
H Forte
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Introduction Anisometropia is characterized by a refractive inter ocular difference greater than 1.00 dioptre (D). It is the main cause of amblyopia and loss of binocular vision. Its prevalence depends on several factors, being different values in different geographical areas of the world and in different age groups. Objectives To estimate the frequency of anisometropia in children of the 2nd cycle of Basic Education. Methodology A total of 519 children attending the 5th and 6th school years, from Covilhã schools, from urban and rural areas, aged between 9 and 14 years (10.8 ± 0.8 years) were enrolled in the study. The refractive error was measured with a paediatric auto refractometer (Plusoptix), without cycloplegic and in binocular conditions. Anisometropia was defined as the inter ocular difference in spherical equivalent or cylindrical, greater than 1.00 D and a separate analysis for values greater than 2.00 D. Results The sample was symmetrically divided into genders (50.9% Male), between school grade (53% 5th year) and higher in urban areas (70.1%). The prevalence of anisometropia with cut-off points of 1.00 D and 2.00 D was 12.3% and 5.0%, respectively. There was a higher prevalence among males, in rural areas and in 6th grade. The Chi-square test (□2) shows that the difference is statistically significant only between years of schooling, with a higher prevalence in the 6th grade (p = 0.001). Conclusion There was a slightly higher prevalence of spherical and cylindrical anisometropia (5% and 12.3%) than is reported in the literature (rates between 4.4% and 9.4%). The 6th school year presented rates significantly higher than the 5th year, which points out that anisometropia increases with age, as was also advocated by other authors. Visual screening programs in adolescence for the detection of anisometropia are fundamental, since their timely correction allows to safeguard the binocular vision.

Development of fundamental motor skills in children of a public school in the city of Sao Paulo

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Decio Rodrigues ◽  
Eric Leal Avigo ◽  
Jose Angelo Barela
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Fundamental Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill Development

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> One common observation is that Brazilian children are failing to achieve the expected proficiency, regarding the chronological age, in performing gross motor skills. <strong>PURPOSE:</strong> The aim was to verify the development of fundamental motor skills of 6- and 9-year-old children from a public school of São Paulo city. <strong>METHOD:</strong> Eight two children were selected from the first and fourth Elementary year, 40 children from the first grade (6.6 year-old, 20 boys and 20 girls) and 42 children from the fourth grade (9.2 year-old, 21 boys and 21 girls). Children were videotaped performing the Test of Gross Motor Development tasks, locomotor and object-control subtests. Three experimenters inspected the video images and rated the children’s performance following the suggested criteria. <strong>RESULTS:</strong> Nine-year-old children were advanced in fundamental motor skill performance compared to 6-year-old, but children from both age groups are delayed to the expected fundamental motor skill development. Moreover, the developmental delay is even worse as chronological age increases, with 6-year-old rated as poor whereas 9-year-old children are rated as very poor in fundamental motor skill development. <strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> These results raise several concerns regarding the importance of mastering the basic motor skills and future enrolment in motor activities.<strong> </strong></p>

Early developmental influences on self-esteem trajectories from adolescence through adulthood: Impact of birth weight and motor skills

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie L. Poole ◽  
Louis A. Schmidt ◽  
Mark A. Ferro ◽  
Cheryl Missiuna ◽  
Saroj Saigal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Motor Skill Development ◽  
Early Developmental

AbstractWhile the trajectory of self-esteem from adolescence to adulthood varies from person to person, little research has examined how differences in early developmental processes might affect these pathways. This study examined how early motor skill development interacted with preterm birth status to predict self-esteem from adolescence through the early 30s. We addressed this using the oldest known, prospectively followed cohort of extremely low birth weight (<1000 g) survivors (N = 179) and normal birth weight controls (N = 145) in the world, born between 1977 and 1982. Motor skills were measured using a performance-based assessment at age 8 and a retrospective self-report, and self-esteem was reported during three follow-up periods (age 12–16, age 22–26, and age 29–36). We found that birth weight status moderated the association between early motor skills and self-esteem. Stable over three decades, the self-esteem of normal birth weight participants was sensitive to early motor skills such that those with poorer motor functioning manifested lower self-esteem, while those with better motor skills manifested higher self-esteem. Conversely, differences in motor skill development did not affect the self-esteem from adolescence to adulthood in individuals born at extremely low birth weight. Early motor skill development may exert differential effects on self-esteem, depending on whether one is born at term or prematurely.

scholarly journals Motor skill development for children between the ages of 6 to 8 as a result of finishing an initiation level swimming course

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Dan Ionuț Pîrjol ◽  
Marcel Răsădean ◽  
Petre Baniaș
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Competitive Swimming ◽  
Motor Skill Development ◽  
Skill Component

Abstract Introduction: Swimming, as an activity, covers many of the basic humanistic needs by creating a state of wellbeing as well as help form a holistic person by developing their motor skills, cognition and affection through the stresses of training for competition or just by practicing for recreational purposes. Various scientific studies show the importance of the motor skill component when selecting those fit for competitive swimming. Additionally, there are other studies that demonstrate that swimming can have an anthropometric effect over the body. The purpose of our study was to test if an initiation level swimming course would produce a development of basic motor skills in children between the ages of 6 to 8. Methodology and Participants: for this study we recruited 10 participants out of which 5 were girls and the remaining 5 were boys. Their age (7,1±0,73) is between 6 and 8 where two of the children are 6 years of age, five are 7 years of age and the last three are 8 years of age. In order to conduct the study, we employed a set of tests that rely on 7 events extracted from the stock of EUROFIT tests. Results: the final results show that the participants have improved their performances with strong statistical significance. Conclusions: Undergoing an initiation level swimming course results in a noticeable development of motor skills as well as from the homogeneity of the group, which is considerably improved at final testing.

scholarly journals Food variety, socioeconomic status and nutritional status in urban and rural areas in Koutiala (Mali)

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Hatløy ◽  
Jesper Hallund ◽  
Modibo M Diarra ◽  
Arne Oshaug
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Food Variety ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to analyse the associations between the food variety score (FVS), dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutritional status of children, and to assess the associations between FVS, DDS and socioeconomic status (SES) on a household level. The study also assessed urban and rural differences in FVS and DDS.Design: Cross-sectional studies in 1994/95, including a simplified food frequency questionnaire on food items used in the household the previous day. A socioeconomic score was generated, based on possessions in the households. Weight and height were measured for all children aged 6–59 months in the households, and anthropometric indices were generated.Subjects and setting: Three hundred and twenty-nine urban and 488 rural households with 526 urban and 1789 rural children aged 6–59 months in Koutiala County, Sikasso Region, Mali.Results: Children from urban households with a low FVS or DDS had a doubled risk (OR>2) for being stunted and underweight. Those relations were not found in the rural area. There was an association between SES and both FVS and DDS on the household level in both areas. The FVS and DDS in urban households with the lowest SES were higher than the FVS and DDS among the rural households with the highest SES.Conclusions: Food variety and dietary diversity seem to be associated with nutritional status (weight/age and height/age) of children in heterogeneous communities, as our data from urban areas showed. In rural areas, however, this association could not be shown. Socioeconomic factors seem to be important determinants for FVS and DDS both in urban and rural areas. FVS and DDS are useful variables in assessing the nutritional situation of households, particular in urban areas.

Using the PDMS-2 to Measure Visual-Motor Skill Development with Laparoscopic and Robotic Instruments

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Asha Dektor ◽  
Jane Littau ◽  
Kate Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Skill Assessment ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Motor Skill Development ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
High Level

With the introduction of conventional laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery, surgical treatment options beyond traditional open surgery are increasing. If and when different minimally invasive surgical (MIS) techniques are learned vary from surgeon to surgeon. It is important for human factors researchers to have tools for measuring how visual-motor skills develop using MIS tools across different learning experiences. The current research examines a child movement skill assessment tool, the Peabody Developmental Motor Skills Scales – Second Edition (PDMS-2), as a metric for measuring visual motor skill development with adults learning to use laparoscopic or robotic tools. At a high-level, the PDMS-2 provided insight into which motor skills were supported by each set of MIS tools and which skills were impacted by differences in learning history. Supplemental measures must be paired with the PDMS-2 to better understand the mechanisms behind the observed patterns.

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