Circadian rhythm of TSH in adult men and women

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Custro ◽  
R. Scaglione
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
Central Nervous Structures ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. The circadian rhythm of TSH secretion and its typical pattern were investigated during the spring of two successive years in a group of 12 adult women, and then in a group of 12 adult men, both having normal thyroid function. Blood samples were obtained from each individual every two h for 24 h. TSH was measured by RIA. Data were processed by inferential analysis and represented using the cosinor method. The chronobiological rhythm of TSH is in good agreement with the typical function of circadian rhythms both in men and in women, significance averaging ‰. The typical parameters of the rhythm (M = mesor, i.e. the mean level of the rhythm; A = amplitude of the sinusoidal function approximating the rhythm; Ø = acrofase, i.e. the lag from a reference timepoint of the crest time in the function) under the conditions used in our investigation were shown to be: Male subjects: mean ± se = 3.72 ± 0.21 mU/l, A (95% C.I.) = 1.15 (0.93–1.47) mU/l; Ø (95% C.I.) = 3.9° (−8.6° + 23.8°). Female subjects: mean ± SE = 5 ± 0.13 mU/l; A (95% C.I.) = 0.96 (0.86–1.11) mU/l; Ø (95% C.I.) = 8.8° (−0.2° + 20.5°). The patterns of TSH biorhythm are practically identical in both sexes. Taking into account the methods used and the results obtained we think that the circadian rhythm of TSH secretion is programmed in both sexes in order to meet the cyclic requirements of the target gland, while several other factors which mark the course of the day at the level of central nervous structures function as rhythm harmonizers.

scholarly journals Fluorometric Assay of Human Serum Carnosinase Activity in Normal Children, Adults and Patients with Myopathy

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bando ◽  
T Shimotsuji ◽  
H Toyoshima ◽  
C Hayashi ◽  
K Miyai
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Normal Adults

A sensitive, accurate method has been established for the assay of serum carnosinase by measuring the fluorescence emitted from the L-histidine liberated on treatment with o-phthaldialdehyde. Using this method the serum values for normal adults, infants and children were measured. The mean value was very low in infants of less than 1 year old but increased with age, being almost the same in children aged 6 years or more as in adults. In adult men, the mean activity was 1·85 μmol/mL/h and in adult women it was 2·07 μmol/mL/h. Low activity was observed in patients with muscular dystrophy.

Effects of Dietary Sodium on Circadian Rhythm and Physiological Responses of 18-Hydroxycorticosterone

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Sowers ◽  
Victor I. Martin ◽  
Frances W. J. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Hydroxylation Reaction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Subjects

1. The effects of dietary sodium intake on plasma 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB) responses to physiological stimuli and recumbent 24-h-plasma 18-OHB levels have been examined in nine normal male subjects. 2. Basal supine levels of 18-OHB during a 40 mmol of sodium intake period (62.5 ± 6.0 ng/dl) were considerably greater (P < 0.0001) than the levels during a 200 mmol of sodium intake period (9.8 ± 1.2 ng/dl). Further incremental and percentage changes of 18-OHB in response to graded dose infusions of angiotensin II and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were greater during the 40 mmol of sodium intake period. 3. Although the mean 24 h levels of plasma 18-OHB during the 40 mmol of sodium intake period (43.9 ± 4.0 ng/dl) were greater (P < 0.001) than those during the 200 mmol of sodium intake period (9.4 ± 1.2 ng/dl), the circadian rhythm of 18-OHB secretion was similar under the two extremes of sodium intake. 4. Factors which increase angiotensin II levels, such as sodium restriction, isometric exercise and angiotensin infusion, selectively increase 18-OHB and aldosterone, suggesting that angiotensin II increases 18-OHB and aldosterone secretion, in part, by modulation of the 18-hydroxylation reaction involved in conversion of corticosterone into 18-OHB.

EARLY VARIATIONS OF PLASMA CORTISOL AFTER PULSE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC ADENOSINE 3′,5′-MONOPHOSPHATE IN NORMAL SUBJECTS

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Angeli ◽  
Giuseppe Boccuzzi ◽  
Roberto Frajria ◽  
Daniela Bisbocci ◽  
Franco Ceresa
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Adrenal Steroidogenesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zero Time

ABSTRACT 10 mg/kg of dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (Db-cAMP) was iv pulse injected into twelve healthy adult women. The plasma cortisol levels were determined as 11-OHCS at zero time and then at 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 180 min after the injection. The data were compared with those obtained at the corresponding times in two groups of eleven and seventeen healthy women after the injection of 250 ng and 250 μg of synthetic β-1-24 corticotrophin performed in the same manner as the injection of the nucleotide. The mean increments in plasma cortisol were significantly lower after Db-cAMP than after ACTH. Differences were noted by analyzing the time course of the responses. In the case of stimulation with Db-cAMP the 11-OHCS levels rose progressively to a maximum at 15–30 min. By contrast, a peak of plasma cortisol was evident in most cases within a few min after the injection of ACTH; after a fall, a later rise was then observed starting from 15 min. The differences in the plasma 11-OHCS responses after the two stimuli may also be of interest clinically for the investigation of some aspects of adrenal steroidogenesis.

THE EFFECT OF ALTERATION OF THYROXINE BINDING CAPACITY ON THE DIALYZABLE AND ABSOLUTE FRACTIONS OF TRIIODOTHYRONINE IN CIRCULATION

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Dussault ◽  
D. A. Fisher ◽  
J. T. Nicoloff ◽  
V. V. Row ◽  
R. Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

ABSTRACT In order to determine the effect of alterations in binding capacity of thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) on triiodothyronine (T3) metabolism, studies were conducted in 10 patients with idiopathically low (7 subjects) or elevated (3 subjects) TBG levels and 10 subjects given norethandrolone (7 male subjects) or oestrogen (3 female subjects). Measurements of serum thyroxine (T4) concentration, maximal T4 binding capacity, serum T3 concentration and per cent dialyzable T3 were conducted. Serum T3 was measured both by chemical and radioimmunoassay methods. In patients with idiopathically low TBG, the mean serum T4 concentration was low (2.4 μg/100 ml), the mean serum T3 level low (55 ng/100 ml), the mean per cent dialyzable T3 increased (0.52%), and the calculated free T3 concentration normal (186 pg/100 ml). In patients with idiopathically high TBG levels the mean T4 concentration was high (10.3 μg/100 ml), the mean T3 level slightly elevated (127 ng/100 ml), the% dialyzable T3 low (0.10%) and the calculated free T3 concentration low normal (123 pg/100 ml). The correlation coefficient between the per cent dialyzable T3 and maximal TBG binding capacity in the 20 subjects was 0.68, a value significant at the P < 0.01 level. Thus, alterations in binding capacity of TBG seem to influence T3 and T4 metabolism similarly; the inverse relationship between the % of dialyzable hormone and total hormone concentration tends to keep the absolue levels of free hormones stable.

scholarly journals Molecular Pathogenesis and Peripheral Monitoring of Adult Fragile X-Associated Syndromes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8368
Author(s):  
Luis M. Valor ◽  
Jorge C. Morales ◽  
Irati Hervás-Corpión ◽  
Rosario Marín
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Molecular Pathogenesis ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Cgg Repeats ◽  
Reproductive Impairment ◽  
Ataxia Syndrome

Abnormal trinucleotide expansions cause rare disorders that compromise quality of life and, in some cases, lifespan. In particular, the expansions of the CGG-repeats stretch at the 5’-UTR of the Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene have pleiotropic effects that lead to a variety of Fragile X-associated syndromes: the neurodevelopmental Fragile X syndrome (FXS) in children, the late-onset neurodegenerative disorder Fragile X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) that mainly affects adult men, the Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) in adult women, and a variety of psychiatric and affective disorders that are under the term of Fragile X-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (FXAND). In this review, we will describe the pathological mechanisms of the adult “gain-of-function” syndromes that are mainly caused by the toxic actions of CGG RNA and FMRpolyG peptide. There have been intensive attempts to identify reliable peripheral biomarkers to assess disease progression and onset of specific pathological traits. Mitochondrial dysfunction, altered miRNA expression, endocrine system failure, and impairment of the GABAergic transmission are some of the affectations that are susceptible to be tracked using peripheral blood for monitoring of the motor, cognitive, psychiatric and reproductive impairment of the CGG-expansion carriers. We provided some illustrative examples from our own cohort. Understanding the association between molecular pathogenesis and biomarkers dynamics will improve effective prognosis and clinical management of CGG-expansion carriers.

Computational Investigation of Different Turbulent Models When Predicting Airflow in an Enclosure

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Hassan Naji ◽  
Ahmed Mezrhab
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Turbulent Stress ◽  
Computational Investigation ◽  
Isothermal Case ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Turbulent Models ◽  
Rsm Model ◽  
Cold Case ◽  
Good Agreement

In the present study, a numerical investigation is carried out for an isothermal case, a hot case and a cold case with FLUENT code. Three turbulence models are considered: the k-ε realisable model, the RNG k-ε model and the RSM linear model. The obtained results are compared to experiments and show generally a good agreement for the mean velocities and temperatures, but less satisfactory for the turbulent stress. The performance of the RSM model is remarkable. Even if none of the models is able to give the exact experimental pattern on the map of turbulence, the RSM model seems able to predict such configuration.

Respiratory Exchange and Body Size in the Aldabra Giant Tortoise

1971 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. HUGHES ◽  
R. GAYMER ◽  
MARGARET MOORE ◽  
A. J. WOAKES
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
The Body ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

1. The O2 consumption and CO2 release of nine giant tortoises Testudo gigantea (weight range 118 g-35·5 kg) were measured at a temperature of about 25·5°C. Four European tortoises Testudo hermanni (weight range 640 g-2·16 kg) were also used. The mean RQ values obtained were 1·01 for T. gigantea and 0·97 for T. hermanni. These values were not influenced by activity or size. 2. The data was analysed by plotting log/log regression lines relating body weight to O2 consumption. Both maximum and minimum metabolic rates recorded for each individual T. gigantea showed a negative correlation with body weight. For active rates the relation was O2 consumption = 140·8W0·97, whereas for inactive animals O2 consumption = 45·47W0·82. 3. The maximum rates were obtained from animals that were observed to be active in the respirometer and the minimum rates from animals that remained quiet throughout. The scope for activity increased with body size, being 82 ml/kg/h for animals of 100 g and 103 ml/kg/h for 100 kg animals. The corresponding ratio between maximum and minimum rates increases from about 2 to 6 for the same weight range. 4. Values for metabolic rate in T. hermanni seem to be rather lower than in T. gigantea. Analysis of the relative proportion of the shell and other organs indicates that the shell forms about 31% of the body weight in adult T. hermanni but only about 18% in T. gigantea of similar size. The shell is not appreciably heavier in adult T. gigantea (about 20%). 5. Data obtained for inactive animals is in good agreement with results of other workers using lizards and snakes. Previous evidence suggesting that chelonians show no reduction in metabolic rate with increasing size is not considered to conflict with data obtained in the present work.

Elevations in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Normal Subjects after Receiving Short-Term Lithium Carbonate

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlin V. Nelson ◽  
Vickie Tutag-Lehr ◽  
R. Lee Evans
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Early Rise ◽  
State Concentration ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Nine normal, healthy male subjects had significantly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations while receiving oral lithium carbonate for two weeks. The mean minimum lithium serum concentration was 0.765 mEq/L. The TSH concentrations after 15 days on lithium were significantly correlated to the TSH concentration at baseline. No correlation was found between mean minimum lithium steady-state concentration and TSH concentration after 15 days on lithium. Further research is necessary to determine if a high baseline TSH concentration or an early rise in TSH will predict those patients who will eventually develop hypothyroidism after long-term lithium therapy.

Correlation between the sea level muon spectrum and the primary nucleon spectrum using the Cocconi–Koester–Perkins model

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 921-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Chakrabarti ◽  
A. K. Das ◽  
A. K. De
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Pion Production ◽  
Spectral Shape ◽  
Muon Spectrum ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Nucleon Spectrum ◽  
Scaling Models ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

Using the recent ISR data of proton–proton interactions on the inclusive production of pions and nucleons, realistic values of the mean pion inelasticity Kπ and the mean nucleon inelasticity KT have been estimated. These values have been used for the derivation of the sea level differential muon spectrum from the primary nucleon spectrum and vice versa using the CKP model as an extension of the work presented in an earlier article. It is found that none of the measured primary nucleon spectra of Ryan, Ormes, and Balasubrahmanyan and Grigorov, Rapoport, and Shestoperov fit any of the precisely measured muon spectra of Ayre, Baxendale, Hume, Nandi, Thompson, and Whalley and Allkofer, Carstensen, and Dau in spectral shape or the absolute value. On the other hand good agreement between the derived muon spectra and the spectra of Allkofer et al. and Ayre et al. is found if the primary nucleon spectra of the forms, N(Ep) = (1.38 ± 0.08)Ep−2.59 and N(Ep) = (1.00 ± 0.10)Ep−2.55, respectively, are assumed. The first form is comparable with that obtained by Brooke, Hayman, Kamiya, and Wolfendale following more approximate but similar procedure. It is also not unjustified when compared with the measured primary all nuclei spectrum of Grigorov et al. in the light of suggestions made by Ellsworth, Ito, Macfall, Siohan, Streitmatter, Tonwar, Vishwanath, Yodh, and Balasubrahmanyan. By comparing the pion production spectra derived from the same primary nucleon spectrum but using the CKP and the scaling models, it is concluded that the results are sensitive to the model assumed for the collisions.

ENZYMATISCH-FLUOROMETRISCHE BESTIMMUNG DER CORTISOLBINDUNGSKAPAZITÄT DES PLASMA

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Leybold ◽  
J. Rieper ◽  
L. Weissbecker
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

ABSTRACT A simple method for the determination of cortisol-binding capacity is described. For saturation of the cortisol-binding proteins, plasma samples are incubated with an excess of cortisol. In the next step NADPH and liver microsomes of female rats are added. The microsomal Δ4-3-ketosteroid hydrogenase only reduces non protein-bound cortisol to tetrahydrocortisol-5α. Then the steroids are extracted by dichloromethane, and after some purification steps analyzed by fluorometry. Tetrahydrocortisol gives practically no fluorescence. The cortisol determined by this method corresponds to protein-bound cortisol and indicates the extent of cortisolbinding capacity. Precision and accuracy of the method were found to be good. The values of cortisol-binding capacity obtained by our method are compared with the results of other authors. The mean value of adult men was 25.5 ± 3.4 μg/100 ml, that of pregnant women, mens IX-X, 42.3 ± 4.2 μg/100 ml.

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