scholarly journals Transgenic alteration of sow milk to improve piglet growth and health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Wheeler ◽  
G. T. Bleck ◽  
S. M. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Piglet Growth

scholarly journals Positive Human Contact and Housing Systems Impact the Responses of Piglets to Various Stressors

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1619
Author(s):  
Megan E. Hayes ◽  
Lauren M. Hemsworth ◽  
Rebecca S. Morrison ◽  
Alan J. Tilbrook ◽  
Paul H. Hemsworth
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Oral Vaccination ◽  
Escape Behaviour ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Iron Administration ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Piglet Growth

This experiment studied the effects of lactation housing systems and human interaction on piglets’ responses to routine stressors. Forty litters of piglets were reared in either a standard farrowing crate (FC) or a loose farrowing and lactation pen (LP; PigSAFE pen) and received either routine contact with humans (C) or regular opportunities for positive human contact (+HC; 3 min of patting, stroking and scratching 5 times/week). Behavioural and physiological responses to routine husbandry procedures, weaning, novelty and humans were studied in addition to effects on piglet growth, injuries and survival. Compared to C piglets, +HC piglets vocalised for shorter durations (p = 0.018) during husbandry procedures and showed a lower intensity of escape behaviour during iron injection (p = 0.042) and oral vaccination (p = 0.026) at 3 d of age, capture at 2 wk of age (p < 0.001), and intramuscular vaccination (p = 0.005) at 3 wk of age. +HC piglets at 2 wk of age were faster than C piglets to approach (p = 0.048) and interact (p = 0.042) with a stationary unfamiliar human. Compared to LP piglets, FC piglets showed a lower intensity of escape behaviour during capture and iron administration by a stockperson at 3 d of age (p = 0.043). FC piglets at 2 wk of age were faster than LP piglets to approach (p = 0.005) and interact (p = 0.027) with a novel object and approach (p = 0.009) and interact (p = 0.008) with an unfamiliar human. FC piglets had fewer injuries than LP piglets at 2 wk of age (p = 0.004). +HC pigs had fewer injuries than C pigs after weaning (p = 0.003). After weaning there were more pigs from LP than FC observed to be upright (both stationary, p = 0.002 and walking, p = 0.024), vocalizing (p = 0.004), nosing another pig (p = 0.035) and nosing the pen floor (p = 0.038). There were no significant effects on neutrophil:lymphocyte ratios or plasma cortisol concentrations 1.5 h after weaning. However, 25 h after weaning +HC pigs had higher haptoglobin concentrations than C pigs (p = 0.002), and C/LP pigs had higher cortisol concentrations than +HC/LP and C/FC pigs (p = 0.012). There were no significant effects on piglet growth, the number of piglets born alive or the number stillborn, however there were more piglets weaned from FC than LP (p = 0.035). The results from this experiment raise questions that require further research on the ability of pigs reared in loose pens to cope with stressors such as exposure to humans, novelty, husbandry procedures and weaning. This experiment also provides evidence that regular positive human interaction reduces pigs’ fear of humans and husbandry procedures imposed by stockpeople. More research is required to determine if any of these effects are sustained long-term.

Maternal influences on post-weaning piglet growth and anti-soya bean meal antibodies

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
J. A. Rooke ◽  
H. Fraser ◽  
M. Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Causative Factor ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Maternal Influence ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Maternal Influences ◽  
Vegetable Proteins ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Piglet Growth ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

Vegetable proteins, including soya-bean meal (SBM), can only be included in diets for newly-weaned piglets in restricted amounts as they can induce a transient local gut hypersensitivity. This hypersensitivity may be a causative factor in post-weaning diarrhoea. Previous studies have indicated a strong maternal influence on the response of piglets to SBM. The object of the current experiment was to assess more formally maternal influences on weaning performance of piglets

Effect of gluconic acid on piglet growth performance, intestinal microflora, and intestinal wall morphology1

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Biagi ◽  
A. Piva ◽  
M. Moschini ◽  
E. Vezzali ◽  
F. X. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Gluconic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Piglet Growth

Effects of suckling intensity on milk yield and piglet growth from lactation-enhanced gilts1

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 2346-2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Marshall ◽  
W. L. Hurley ◽  
R. D. Shanks ◽  
M. B. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Piglet Growth

scholarly journals The Effect of Dietary Oil Type and Energy Intake in Lactating Sows on the Fatty Acid Profile of Colostrum and Milk, and Piglet Growth to Weaning

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lavery ◽  
Peadar G. Lawlor ◽  
Helen M. Miller ◽  
Elizabeth Magowan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Large White ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
Piglet Growth ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Oil Type

This study investigated the effect of salmon oil in lactating sow diets and offering these diets in a phased dietary regimen to increase the energy density of the diet in late lactation. Sow and piglet productivity to weaning, the fatty acid profile of milk, piglet blood and tissues at weaning were the main parameters measured. Multiparous sows (n = 100) (Landrace × Large White) were offered dietary treatments from day 105 of gestation until weaning. Dietary treatments (2 × 2 factorial) included oil type (soya or salmon oil) and dietary regimen (Flat 14.5 MJ/kg DE diet offered until weaning or Phased 14.5 MJ/kg DE diet offered to day 14 of lactation then a second diet containing 15.5 MJ/kg DE offered from day 15 until weaning). Salmon oil inclusion increased the total proportion of n-3 fatty acids in colostrum (p < 0.001), milk (p < 0.001), piglet plasma (p < 0.01), adipose (p < 0.001), liver (p < 0.001) and muscle (p < 0.001). Increasing sow dietary energy level in late lactation increased the total n-3 fatty acids in milk (p < 0.001), piglet adipose (p < 0.01) and piglet muscle (p < 0.05). However, piglet growth to weaning did not improve.

Energy and protein utilisation equations in lactating gilts

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
N.D. Cameron ◽  
G.B. Garth ◽  
R. Fenty
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Protein Utilisation ◽  
Piglet Growth

Nutrition models of energy and protein utilisation have been developed for lactating pigs but there is little or no evidence in the scientific literature of the validation of such models. If there are systematic discrepancies in such models, then inappropriate supply of nutrients will either be an inefficient use of resources with oversupply or have an impact on piglet growth and subsequent reproductive performance of the sow with undersupply. In the current study, lactating gilts were fed isoenergetic diets differing in ileal digestible lysine: energy. Protein and energy utilisation were predicted using existing nutrition equations. The validity of the energy and protein utilisation equations was tested by determining if the predicted energy balance differed significantly from zero or if the predicted protein balance was not significantly less than zero.

AGEWEAN – The effect of weaning age on sow performance over four parities

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 85-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Edge ◽  
K. Breuer ◽  
K. Hillman ◽  
C.A. Morgan ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Piglet Growth

Weaning pigs from the sow at an older age, when their digestive systems are more mature, has been suggested as an approach to reduce the potentially negative effect of the in-feed antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) ban on the national pig herd. Whilst this approach has been shown to improve feed intake and piglet growth rate during the early postweaning period (Edge et al. 2006) it is also important to consider how changes in weaning age may influence sow productivity and longevity in the herd. The AGEWEAN programme of research followed 570 gilts whose piglets were weaned at either 4, 6 or 8 weeks of age through four successive parities; reproductive performance, litter data and the timing and reasons for any sow being culled from the herd were recorded.

scholarly journals 372 Dam body condition during lactation influences piglet growth and maturation pre-finishing

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 139-140
Author(s):  
Lea A Rempel ◽  
Brittney N Keel ◽  
William T Oliver ◽  
Wells James ◽  
Clay Lents ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Caliper Measurement ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
Breeding Selection ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
Piglet Growth

Abstract We previously reported, piglets reared by fat sows, weighed less during lactation, but were heavier by 45 d of age in comparison to piglets reared by thin or moderate sows. The objective of the current study was to evaluate weight and body condition during pre-finishing and age at puberty of gilts in relation to body condition of their dams at weaning. Eight weekly farrowing seasons (parities 1–4, n = 157 litters) were used to evaluate sow body condition (weaning) and piglet growth. Sows were categorized as thin, moderate, or fat by last rib caliper measurement at weaning. Individual pig weights were recorded at approximately 100 and 145 d of age. Additionally at 145 d of age, 10th rib backfat and loin eye were measured on a subset (n = 567) of pigs and first estrus was monitored in gilts reserved for breeding selection (n = 176). Pigs reared by fat sows tended (P &lt; 0.10) to be heavier at 145 d of age (90.6 ± 0.75 kg) when compared to pigs reared by thin or moderate sows (89.0 ± 1.48 kg and 88.5 ± 0.82 kg, respectively). Tenth rib backfat during finishing was not different in pigs reared by fat or thin sows (10.0 ± 0.09 mm and 9.8 ± 0.27 mm, respectively); and tended (P &lt; 0.10) to be less in pigs reared by moderate sows (9.7 ± 0.09 mm) than in pigs from fat sows. Tenth rib loin eye area was similar. Gilts developed in litters from thin sows tended (P &lt; 0.10) to have an early age at puberty in contrast to gilts from moderate or fat sows (182.5 ± 3.82 d vs 189.7 ± 2.49 d and 192.2 ± 1.94 d, respectively). Body condition of sows at weaning did not adversely affect pre-finishing pig growth, however pubertal development was improved in gilts from thin sows.

scholarly journals Responses of Growth Performance and Proinflammatory Cytokines Expression to Fish Oil Supplementation in Lactation Sows’ and/or Weaned Piglets’ Diets

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Luo ◽  
Feiruo Huang ◽  
Chenglin Xiao ◽  
Zhengfeng Fang ◽  
Jian Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Piglet Growth ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The study was conducted to investigate whether dietary fish oil could influence growth of piglets via regulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. A split-plot experimental design was used with sow diet effect in the main plots and differing piglet diet effect in the subplot. The results showed that suckling piglets from fish oil fed dams grew rapidly (P<0.05) than control. It was also observed that these piglets had higher ADG, feed intake, and final body weight (P<0.05) during postweaning than those piglets from lard fed dams. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the expression of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-αinlongissimus dorsimuscle. In contrast, there was a tendency (P<0.10) towards lower ADG and higher feed : gain in weaned piglets receiving fish oil compared with those receiving lard. Meanwhile, splenic proinflammatory cytokines expression was increased (P<0.01) in piglets receiving fish oil during postweaning period. The results suggested that 7% fish oil addition to sows' diets alleviated inflammatory response via decreasing the proinflammatory cytokines expression in skeletal muscle and accelerated piglet growth. However, 7% fish oil addition to weaned piglets' diets might decrease piglet growth via increasing splenic proinflammatory cytokines expression.

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