scholarly journals Circulating vaspin is unrelated to insulin sensitivity in a cohort of nondiabetic humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian von Loeffelholz ◽  
Matthias Möhlig ◽  
Ayman M Arafat ◽  
Frank Isken ◽  
Joachim Spranger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Status

ObjectiveTo study the association of vaspin with glucose metabolism.DesignCross-sectional and intervention study.Subjects and methodsThe association of serum vaspin with metabolic and anthropometric characteristics was investigated in 108 volunteers. Euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamps (EHC) were performed in 83 of the participants. Changes of circulating vaspin levels were additionally studied in a crossover study using 300 min EHC with lipid versus saline infusion (n=10).ResultsNeither glucose tolerance status nor insulin sensitivity, both as measured using EHCs and using homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), was significantly associated with serum vaspin in the cross-sectional study. Furthermore, there was no effect of short-term lipid-induced insulin resistance due to a 300 min intravenous lipid challenge on circulating vaspin. However, circulating vaspin levels were significantly elevated in women using oral contraceptives (OC), both compared to women without OC intake (1.17±0.26 vs 0.52±0.09 ng/ml, P=0.02) and males (1.17±0.26 vs 0.29±0.04 ng/ml, P=0.01). After exclusion of OC using females and stratification according to body mass index (BMI), a significant sexual dimorphism in subjects with a BMI <25 kg/m2 was observed (males 0.21±0.04 ng/ml versus females 0.70±0.16 ng/ml, P=0.009).ConclusionOur results support the existence of a sexual dimorphism regarding circulating vaspin. The lack of an association of serum vaspin with HOMA-IR and M value indicates, however, no major role for vaspin concerning insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic humans.

scholarly journals High HOMA-IR Index in Healthcare Shift Workers

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Ledda ◽  
Diana Cinà ◽  
Serena Matera ◽  
Nicola Mucci ◽  
Massimo Bracci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers

Background and objectives: Evidence shows that shift work may be correlated with insulin resistance (IR). Therefore its estimation in clinical and prevention practice is of great significance. A cross-sectional study was performed to examine the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) Index among healthcare shift workers (HCSW). Materials and Methods: A total of 272 healthcare workers (HCWs) were invited to participate in the study within an occupational surveillance framework, 137 were HCSW while 135 were healthcare non-shift workers (HCNSW). Fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR Index were evaluated in each participant and correlated with shift workers. Results: Indicators of glucose metabolism were significantly higher in HCSW p < 0.001, and logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant positive association between increased values of HOMA-IR Index and shift workers (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Shift work could be a risk factor in developing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance is Associated with Central Pain in Patients with Fibromyalgia

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-184
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Pain ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hba1c Levels

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological condition in which cells fail to respond normally to insulin. IR has been associated with multiple conditions, including chronic pain. Fibromyalgia (FM) is one of the common generalized chronic painful conditions with an incidence rate affecting 3% to 6% of the population. Substantial interest and investigation into FM continue to generate many hypotheses. The relationship between IR and FM has not been explored. IR is known to cause abnormalities in the cerebral microvasculature, leading to focal hypoperfusion. IR also has been shown to cause cognitive impairment in FM patients, as in parkinsonism. As demonstrated by advanced imaging methods, similar brain perfusion abnormalities occur in the brain of patients with FM as with IR. OBJECTIVES: To determine the potential association between FM and IR. SETTING: Subspecialty pain medicine clinics. STUDY DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS: Laboratory data was extracted through a retrospective review of medical records from patients who had met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for FM. The Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values from 33 patients with FM were compared with the means of the glycated HbA1c levels of 2 control populations. In addition, established indices of IR [Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)] were calculated in a subgroup of patients in whom the analytes necessary for these calculations were available. To assess for confounding factors, the associations between HbA1c, QUICKI, HOMA-IR, fasting insulin levels, and glucose, after controlling for age, were explored by multiple analyses of variance with relation to gender and ethnicity. RESULTS: We found an association between IR and FM that was independent of age, gender, and ethnicity. We found that patients with FM belong to a distinct population that can be segregated from the control groups by their HbA1c levels, a surrogate marker of IR. This was demonstrated by analyzing the data after introducing an age correction into a linear regression model. This strategy showed significant differences between patients with FM and control subjects (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0002, for 2 separate control populations, respectively). A subgroup analysis using the QUICKI and HOMA-IR showed that all patients with FM in this subgroup (100%) exhibited laboratory abnormalities pointing to IR. LIMITATIONS: Small observational cross-sectional study. There are also intrinsic limitations that are attributed to cross-sectional studies. CONCLUSION: The association demonstrated in this study warrant further investigation, including the pursuit of randomized, double-blind clinical trials to determine the effect of improving insulin sensitivity in FM related pain scores. Such studies could unveil a potential pathogenetic relationship between FM, central pain, and IR. Based on these initial findings, we present the hypothesis that IR may underlie pathological mechanisms leading to central pain. If confirmed, this may lead to a paradigm shift in the management of central pain. KEY WORDS: Fibromyalgia, insulin resistance, chronic widespread pain, hemoglobin A1c

Evaluation of TG-HDL Ratio Instead of HOMA Ratio as Insulin Resistance Marker in Overweight and Children with Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman G. Behiry ◽  
Nazih Mohamed El Nady ◽  
Omima M. AbdEl Haie ◽  
May Kamel Mattar ◽  
Amira Magdy
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is widely used as a marker of insulin resistance in adults and has also been validated in children and adolescents. Triglyceride (TG) and HDL-C on the other hand is a routine test and inexpensive compared to insulin. Previous studies reported conflicting findings on the usefulness of the triglyceride to HDL-C ratio (TG:HDL-C ratio) as predictor or marker of IR. The aim of this work was to investigate the usefulness of Triglyceride to HDL-C ratio (TG/HDL-C) as an Insulin Resistance (IR) marker in overweight and children with obesity. Methods: This study was a comparative cross sectional study which was conducted on ninety overweight and children with obesity attending National Nutrition Institute “Pediatric obesity clinic. They were classified into 2 groups as follows: group (1) included overweight and children with obesity with insulin resistance, group (2) included overweight and children with obesity with non-insulin resistance. All the subjects were subjected to history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations including total lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin and TG:HDL-C ratio instead of HOMA ratio. Results: Prevalence of IR among the studied sample was 42 (46.7%). Mean value of TG/ HDL-C ratio was greater among the insulin resistance group than non insulin resistance group (p value= < 0.001)value). TG/HDL ratio ≥1.36 had 85.7% sensitivity, 66.7% specificity. There was statistically significant positive correlation between TG/HDL ratio and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: TG:HDL ratio ≥1.36 is a significant early and sensitive predictor of insulin resistance in children instead of HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals Predicting Skeletal Muscle and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity Using NMR-Metabolomic Profiling

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riku Klén ◽  
Miikka-Juhani Honka ◽  
Jarna C Hannukainen ◽  
Ville Huovinen ◽  
Marco Bucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Purpose Abnormal lipoprotein and amino acid profiles are associated with insulin resistance and may help to identify this condition. The aim of this study was to create models estimating skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity using fasting metabolite profiles and common clinical and laboratory measures. Material and Methods The cross-sectional study population included 259 subjects with normal or impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes in whom skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity (M-value) were measured during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Muscle glucose uptake (GU) was measured directly using [18F]FDG-PET. Serum metabolites were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We used linear regression to build the models for the muscle GU (Muscle-insulin sensitivity index [ISI]) and M-value (whole-body [WB]-ISI). The models were created and tested using randomly selected training (n = 173) and test groups (n = 86). The models were compared to common fasting indices of insulin sensitivity, homeostatic model assessment—insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Results WB-ISI had higher correlation with actual M-value than HOMA-IR or revised QUICKI (ρ = 0.83 vs −0.67 and 0.66; P &lt; 0.05 for both comparisons), whereas the correlation of Muscle-ISI with the actual skeletal muscle GU was not significantly stronger than HOMA-IR’s or revised QUICKI’s (ρ = 0.67 vs −0.58 and 0.59; both nonsignificant) in the test dataset. Conclusion Muscle-ISI and WB-ISI based on NMR-metabolomics and common laboratory measurements from fasting serum samples and basic anthropometrics are promising rapid and inexpensive tools for determining insulin sensitivity in at-risk individuals.

Magnesium intake, insulin resistance and markers of endothelial function among women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Narges Ghorbani Bavani ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Ahmadreza Yazdannik ◽  
Ebrahim Falahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment

Abstract Objective: We investigated the association of dietary Mg intake with insulin resistance and markers of endothelial function among Iranian women. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated FFQ. Dietary Mg intake was calculated by summing up the amount of Mg in all foods. A fasting blood sample was taken to measure serum concentrations of glycemic indices (fasting plasma glucose and insulin) and endothelial function markers (E-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1). Insulin resistance and sensitivity were estimated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostasis Model Assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Participants: Iranian female nurses (n 345) selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method. Results: The Mg intake across energy-adjusted quartiles was 205 (se 7), 221·4 (se 8), 254·3 (se 7) and 355·2 (se 9) mg/d, respectively. After adjustments for potential confounders, QUICKI level was significantly different across quartiles of Mg intake (Q1: 0·34 (se 0·02), Q2: 0·36 (se 0·01), Q3: 0·40 (se 0·01), and Q4: 0·39 (se 0·02), P = 0·02); however, this association disappeared after considering markers of endothelial function, indicating that this relation might be mediated through endothelial dysfunction. After controlling for all potential confounders, Mg intake was inversely, but not significantly, associated with serum concentrations of sICAM (Q1: 239 (se 17), Q2: 214 (se 12), Q3: 196 (se 12), and Q4: 195 (se 17), P = 0·29). There was no other significant association between dietary Mg intake and other indicators of glucose homoeostasis or endothelial markers. Conclusions: Higher dietary Mg intake was associated with better insulin sensitivity in Iranian females. This linkage was mediated through reduced endothelial dysfunction.

Investigating the relationship between insulin resistance and adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaledin Mirzay Razzaz ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Seyed ali Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance is the most common metabolic change associated with obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and body composition especially adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population. Methods This study used data of 2,160 individuals registered in a cross-sectional study on were randomly selected from among subjects who were referred to nutrition counseling clinic in Tehran, from April 2016 to September 2017. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment formula. The odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated using logistic regression models. Results The mean age of the men was 39 (±10) and women were 41 (±11) (the age ranged from 20 to 50 years). The risk of increased HOMA-IR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04) for an increase in one percent of Body fat, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for an increase in one percent of Trunk fat. Moreover, the odds ratio of FBS for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent and Trunk fat percent increased by 1.05 (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI: 1.03, 1.06]) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08). Also, the risk of increased Fasting Insulin was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) for an increase in one unit of Trunk fat percent. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that there was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR, Fasting blood sugar, Fasting Insulin, and 2 h Insulin with percent of Body fat, percent of Trunk fat.

scholarly journals Inverse association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance in Japanese adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2031-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Nakamoto ◽  
Hirokazu Uemura ◽  
Tohru Sakai ◽  
Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano ◽  
Miwa Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soya Product

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to examine the association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance using baseline data of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima, Japan.DesignThis cross-sectional study included 1274 subjects, aged 34–70 years at baseline, living in Tokushima Prefecture between 2008 and 2013. Fasting blood samples were collected and information on lifestyle characteristics including soya food intake and medical history were obtained using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was measured and those with HOMA-IR≥2·5 were defined as having insulin resistance. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between soya product intake and the prevalence of insulin resistance.SettingRural communities located in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan, between 2008 and 2013.SubjectsA total of 1148 adults (565 men and 583 women), aged 34–70 years.ResultsThe frequency of intake of miso soup, total non-fried soya products and total soya products showed significant inverse dose–response relationships with insulin resistance, after adjustments for potential confounders. When soya product intake was calculated as soya protein and isoflavone, the odds ratios of insulin resistance decreased significantly as the estimated intake of soya protein increased. Furthermore, significant inverse dose–response relationships were observed for total non-fried soya products and total soya products, after adjustment for total vegetable or total fibre consumption.ConclusionsThe present results indicate that the intake of soya products and non-fried soya products is associated with reduced insulin resistance in the Japanese population.

scholarly journals Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance in obese adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Raynald Takumansang ◽  
Sarah M. Warouw ◽  
Hesti Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Mean

Background Obesity has become a rapidly growing epidemic worldwide, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Obesity is due to an expansion of adipose tissue mass, which is an important source of cytokines and contributes to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Interleukin-6 is significantly increased in obesity and may lead to a state of insulin resistance.Objective To assess for a correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance in obese adolescentsMethods We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to April 2012 in Manado, North Sulawesi. Subjects were either obese or normal body mass index (BMI) teens aged 13-18 years. Data collected were anthropometric status, BMI, and blood specimens for fasting plasma glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and IL-6 levels. Insulin resistance was expressed as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level >2.77. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and linear regression tests to assess for a possible correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance.Results The mean BMI in the obese group was 31.21 (SD 3.61) kg/m2 while the mean BMI in the normal group was 19.52 (SD 2.38) kg/m2. There was no significant association between IL-6 and the occurrence of insulin resistance (P=0.309). The log regression coefficient value of IL-6 was negative (b = -0.329).Conclusion There is no correlation between IL-6 levels and incidence of insulin resistance in obese adolescents.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance in PLHIV on HAART and HAART naïve PLHIV: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Prabir Kumar Ganguly ◽  
Niladri Das
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT HAART (Highly active antiretroviral therapy) has transformed a fatal disease to a chronic, manageable disease. But long term toxicities are emerging after prolonged exposure to antiretroviral therapy(ART). Adverse metabolic effects like dyslipidemia, increased blood pressure, and insulin resistance(IR) have been attributed to HAART. Therefore, the use of HAART raises concerns regarding metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk in HIV(Human immunodeficiency virus) infected patients. Objective: To determine the prevalence of insulin resistance in a cohort of HIV infected patients on HAART as compared to HAART naïve PLHIV(People living with HIV) Methods: A cross sectional study includes 53 subjects, out of which 26 were PLHIV on ART –Group I, 27 were ART naïve PLHIV-Group II was conducted. Insulin resistance was determined by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) mathematical model. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the association between demographic, clinical characteristics, laboratory results and insulin resistance. Results: 69.5 % PLHIV on HAART showed IR, as compared to 37 % of ART naïve PLHIV (p= 0.01). MetS(Metabolic Syndrome) was found in 53.8% among PLHIV on ART , compared to 11.1% among ART naïve PLHIV(p= 0.001) .In the multivariate analysis, presence of metabolic syndrome was found to be directly associated with insulin resistance.

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