scholarly journals Acromegaly is associated with increased cancer risk: a survey in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Terzolo ◽  
Giuseppe Reimondo ◽  
Paola Berchialla ◽  
Emanuele Ferrante ◽  
Elena Malchiodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Somatostatin Analogs ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Multicenter Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
History Of

It is debated if acromegalic patients have an increased risk to develop malignancies. The aim of the present study was to assess the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of different types of cancer in acromegaly on a large series of acromegalic patients managed in the somatostatin analogs era. It was evaluated the incidence of cancer in an Italian nationwide multicenter cohort study of 1512 acromegalic patients, 624 men and 888 women, mean age at diagnosis 45 ± 13 years, followed up for a mean of 10 years (12573 person-years) in respect to the general Italian population. Cancer was diagnosed in 124 patients, 72 women and 52 men. The SIRs for all cancers was significantly increased compared to the general Italian population (expected: 88, SIR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.18–1.68, P < 0.001). In the whole series, we found a significantly increased incidence of colorectal cancer (SIR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.07–2.58, P = 0.022), kidney cancer (SIR 2.87; 95% CI, 1.55–5.34, P < 0.001) and thyroid cancer (SIR 3.99; 95% CI, 2.32–6.87, P < 0.001). The exclusion of 11 cancers occurring before diagnosis of acromegaly (all in women) did not change remarkably the study outcome. In multivariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with an increased risk of malignancy were age and family history of cancer, with a non-significant trend for the estimated duration of acromegaly before diagnosis. In conclusion, we found evidence that acromegaly in Italy is associated with a moderate increase in cancer risk.

scholarly journals Neuroendocrine Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Arising in Long Standing History of Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Stergios Boussios ◽  
Vasiliki Kostadima ◽  
Anna Batistatou ◽  
Ioannis Tourkantonis ◽  
George Fotopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Carcinoma Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Register Studies

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that targets myelinated axons in the central nervous system (CNS). Cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) is a well-recognised clinical disorder, accounting for 3–5% of all malignant epithelial tumors. CUP is clinically characterised as an aggressive disease with early dissemination. Studies of cancer risk in MS patients have shown inconsistent findings. An increased risk of malignancy in patients with MS has been suggested, but recently serious questions have been raised regarding this association. Use of disease-modifying therapies might contribute to an increased cancer risk in selected MS patients. The concurrence of MS and CUP is exceptionally rare. Here we describe the case of a neuroendocrine carcinoma of unknown primary diagnosed in a male patient with a nine-year history of MS. The discussion includes data from all available population-based register studies with estimates of certain malignancies in patients with MS.

Increased risk of death and readmission after hospital discharge of critically ill patients in a developing country: a retrospective multicenter cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1090-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Chaves Barreto Ferreira de Lima ◽  
Ana Luiza Bierrenbach ◽  
Gizelton Pereira Alencar ◽  
Ana Lucia Andrade ◽  
Luciano Cesar Pontes Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Multicenter Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Rotating Nightshift Work and Hematopoietic Cancer Risk in US Female Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Brenda M Birmann ◽  
Kyriaki Papantoniou ◽  
Eric S Zhou ◽  
Astrid C Erber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Work Duration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hematopoietic Cancer

Abstract Background Nightshift work is a plausible risk factor for hematologic cancer, but epidemiological evidence remains sparse, especially for individual subtypes. We prospectively examined the association of rotating nightshift work with hematopoietic cancer risk. Methods This cohort study included US women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS: n = 76 846, 1988–2012) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII: n = 113 087, 1989–2013). Rotating nightshift work duration was assessed at baseline (both cohorts) and cumulatively updated (NHSII). Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall hematopoietic cancer and specific histologic subtypes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results We documented 1405 (NHS) and 505 (NHSII) incident hematopoietic cancer cases during follow-up. In NHS, compared with women who never worked rotating nightshifts, longer rotating nightshift work duration was associated with an increased risk of overall hematopoietic cancer (HR1–14y = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.83 to 1.04; HR≥15y = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.55; Ptrend = .009). In NHSII, results were similar though not statistically significant (HR1–14y = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.82 to 1.21; HR≥15y = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.88 to 2.26; Ptrend = .47). In the subtype analyses in the NHS, the association of history of rotating nightshift work with risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma varied by duration (HR1–14y = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51 to 0.98; HR≥15y = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.07 to 2.67; Ptrend = .01) compared with those who never worked rotating nightshifts. Women reporting a longer history of rotating nightshifts also had suggestive (statistically nonsignificant) increased risks of overall non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HR≥15y = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.49), Hodgkin lymphoma (HR≥15y = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.43 to 4.06), and multiple myeloma (HR≥15y = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.85 to 2.39). Conclusions Longer duration (≥15 years) of rotating nightshift work was associated with increased risks of overall and several subtypes of hematopoietic cancer.

scholarly journals Increased risk for postoperative periprosthetic fracture in hip fracture patients with the Exeter stem than the anatomic SP2 Lubinus stem

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Mellner ◽  
Jabbar Mohammed ◽  
Magnus Larsson ◽  
Sandra Esberg ◽  
Maciej Szymanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Periprosthetic Fracture ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Multicenter Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
C 32

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to compare the cumulative incidence of postoperative periprosthetic fracture (PPF) in a cohort of femoral neck fracture (FNF) patients treated with two commonly used cemented stems: either a collarless, polished, tapered Exeter stem or the anatomic Lubinus SP2 stem. Methods In this retrospective multicenter cohort study of a consecutive series of patients, we included 2528 patients of age 60 years and above with an FNF who were treated with either hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty using either a polished tapered Exeter stem or an anatomic Lubinus SP2 stem. The incidence of PPF was assessed at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively. Results The incidence of PPF was assessed at a median follow-up of 47 months postoperatively. Thirty nine patients (1.5%) sustained a PPF at a median of 27 months (range 0–96 months) postoperatively. Two of the operatively treated fractures were Vancouver A (5%), 7 were Vancouver B1 (18%), 10 were Vancouver B2 (26%), 7 were Vancouver B3 (18%), and 13 were Vancouver C (32%). The cumulative incidence of PPF was 2.3% in the Exeter group compared with 0.7% in the SP2 group (p < 0.001). The HR was 5.4 (95% CI 2.4–12.5, p < 0.001), using the SP2 group as the denominator. Conclusions The Exeter stem was associated with a higher risk for PPF than the Lubinus SP2 stem. We suggest that the tapered Exeter stem should be used with caution in the treatment of FNF. Trial registration The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT03326271).

Metformin Prevents the Progression of Dysplastic Mucosa of the Head and Neck to Carcinoma in Nondiabetic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zvi Lerner ◽  
Niv Mor ◽  
Hyung Paek ◽  
Andrew Blitzer ◽  
Marshall Strome
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Field Cancerization ◽  
Metformin Therapy ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
History Of

Objective: Metformin is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In vitro and animal models have shown that metformin can prevent the progression of oral lesions to carcinoma; however, there is conflicting data in the clinical literature regarding risk reduction for malignancy in head and neck cancer (HNC). Study Design: Case series. Methods: We present 3 cases in which adjuvant metformin therapy was used to treat recurrent and multifocal dysplastic lesions in previously treated nondiabetic HNC patients. Results: Patients included 1 with a history of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 2 with a history of laryngeal SCC. Follow-up time ranged between 3 and 33 months. All 3 patients showed complete or partial regression of the remaining mucosal lesions and did not require any additional surgeries. Conclusion: We present 3 cases of nondiabetic HNC patients with field cancerization who showed a good response to adjuvant therapy with metformin. The nondiabetic population is not affected by confounding factors such as increased risk of malignancy and decreased overall survival that is itself associated with abnormal glucose metabolism and is therefore an excellent cohort in which to study the use of adjuvant metformin therapy in HNC patients.

scholarly journals Clinical Implication of TSH Screening in Venous Thromboembolism Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A826-A827
Author(s):  
Siroj Dejhansathit ◽  
Ana Marcella Rivas Mejia ◽  
Kenneth Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) that have significant morbidity and mortality for patients in the community and hospital. A recent meta-analysis found a significantly increased risk of incidence VTE among patients with hyperthyroidism compared to patients without hyperthyroidism. To our knowledge, no study has attempted to explore whether screening for TSH levels in VTE patients leads to a diagnosis of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction as VTE could be the first presenting symptom. Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study and analyzed data of all patients treated at University Medical Center, Lubbock, Texas in 18-85 years of age with a diagnosis of DVT and/or PE in 2019. Qualitative chart review to identify cases of clinically significant TSH screening in VTE patients that leads to thyroid dysfunction diagnosis. Associations between variables tested using Student’s t-test, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Of total of 533 participants with diagnosis of VTE in 2019, 85 participants were included in the study. Seven participants (8.24%) were found to have high TSH level (&gt;4.2 mIU/mL). None of them was found to have low level of TSH. Participants in high TSH group were more likely to be female (71.43%) and Caucasian (71.43%). In high TSH group patients tended to have both PE and DVT diagnosis at the same admission (71.43%). Weight and BMI were significance higher than those with normal TSH level. Segna et al conducted a prospective multicenter cohort study on association between thyroid dysfunction and venous thromboembolism. The study measure thyroid hormones and thrombophilic biomarkers at 1 year after the acute VTE and follow for the recurrent VTE (rVTE). They found that after 20.8 months of follow-up, 9% developed rVTE. However, none of them was found in subclinical hyperthyroidism group. Furthermore, in their multi-variate analyses, the hazard ratio for rVTE was 0.80 (95%CI 0.23-2.81) subclinical hyperthyroidism compared with euthyroid participants. They concluded that subclinical hyperthyroidism may be associated with lower rVTE risks. Similarly, with Liviu study found hyperthyroidism was not associated with an increased risk of VTE. Qualitative chart review in our patients with high TSH resulted that none of them had history of tobacco use. One participant was on birth control pills with the history of cervical carcinoma. Conclusion:The association of thyroid dysfunction and the development of VTE is debated on the literature review. In our study we found multiple patients with high TSH level (8.24%) in VTE patients with no prior history of thyroid dysfunction. TSH could play an important role in hypercoagulable state. Subclinical hypothyroidism and/or hypothyroidism may induce a prothrombotic event. However, larger cohort studies with higher prevalence of high TSH participants are needed to prove a relationship between TSH level and VTE events.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Thymosin Alpha 1 in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Yanfei Shen ◽  
Zhenliang Wen ◽  
Qianghong Xu ◽  
Zhixiong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Multicenter Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Thymosin Alpha 1 ◽  
Patient Subgroups

BackgroundThymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) is widely used to treat patients with COVID-19 in China; however, its efficacy remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of Tα1 as a COVID-19 therapy.MethodsWe performed a multicenter cohort study in five tertiary hospitals in the Hubei province of China between December 2019 and March 2020. The patient non-recovery rate was used as the primary outcome.ResultsAll crude outcomes, including non-recovery rate (65/306 vs. 290/1,976, p = 0.003), in-hospital mortality rate (62/306 vs. 271/1,976, p = 0.003), intubation rate (31/306 vs. 106/1,976, p = 0.001), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) incidence (104/306 vs. 499/1,976, p = 0.001), acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence (26/306 vs. 66/1,976, p &lt; 0.001), and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (14.9 ± 12.7 vs. 8.7 ± 8.2 days, p &lt; 0.001), were significantly higher in the Tα1 treatment group. After adjusting for confounding factors, Tα1 use was found to be significantly associated with a higher non-recovery rate than non-Tα1 use (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.1, p = 0.028). An increased risk of non-recovery rate associated with Tα1 use was observed in the patient subgroups with maximum sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores ≥2 (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.4–2.9, p = 0.024), a record of ICU admission (OR 5.4, 95%CI 2.1–14.0, p &lt; 0.001), and lower PaO2/FiO2 values (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.1–3.4, p = 0.046). Furthermore, later initiation of Tα1 use was associated with a higher non-recovery rate.ConclusionTα1 use in COVID-19 patients was associated with an increased non-recovery rate, especially in those with greater disease severity.

Glutathione S-Transferase M1, T1 and P1 Polymorphisms and Bladder Cancer Risk in Egyptians

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Saad ◽  
P.J. O'Connor ◽  
M.H. Mostafa ◽  
N.E. Metwalli ◽  
D.P. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Bladder Cancer Risk ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Egyptian Population ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Previous studies suggest that bladder cancer risk may vary with GST genotype but these results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to explore whether GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP polymorphisms were associated with increased bladder cancer risk in an Egyptian population. GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotype frequencies were determined in bladder cancer cases (n=72) and healthy controls with no history of malignancies (n=82) using PCR-based techniques. The GSTT1*2 genotype was particularly associated with increased risk (OR 2.71, 95%CI 1.27–5.73) and the GSTM1*2 genotype to a lesser extent (OR 1.63, 95%CI 0.85–3.10). 18.1% of cases but only 7.3% of controls were GSTP1*B*B homozygotes (OR 2.38, 95%CI 0.83–6.87). The presence of two or more a priori at-risk genotypes was associated with increased bladder cancer risk (OR 2.42; 95%CI 1.47–3.97). These results suggest that polymorphisms in the GST genes are associated with increased risk of bladder cancer among Egyptians.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document