scholarly journals Testosterone or 17β-estradiol exposure reveals sex-specific effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in human myotubes

2011 ◽  
Vol 210 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firoozeh Salehzadeh ◽  
Anna Rune ◽  
Megan Osler ◽  
Lubna Al-Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Palmitate Oxidation ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Human Myotubes ◽  
17Β Estradiol

Changes in sex hormone levels with aging or illness may lead to metabolic disorders. Moreover, the ratio changes in men versus women may have distinct pathological responses. Since little is known about sex hormone action on muscle metabolism, we examined the role of testosterone or 17β-estradiol (E2) in metabolism and investigated whether either hormone may mediate a sex-specific effect. Myotubes from postmenopausal women and age-matched male donors were treated with 10 nM testosterone or E2 for 4 days, and assays were performed to measure metabolic readouts, signal transduction, and mRNA expression. Testosterone and E2 treatment enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation into glycogen and AKT phosphorylation in myotubes from female donors, highlighting a sex-specific role of sex hormone in glucose metabolism. Testosterone treatment increased palmitate oxidation in myotubes from both female and male donors, while E2 enhanced palmitate oxidation in myotubes from male donors only. Testosterone-mediated increase in palmitate oxidation was attenuated at the presence of androgen receptor antagonist, which may indicate a role of nuclear steroid receptor in muscle lipid oxidation. Testosterone treatment increased mRNA expression of the insulin receptor substrate 2 in myotubes from male and female donors, whereas it increased mRNA expression of glycogen synthase 1 only in myotubes from male donors. E2 treatment increased pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 mRNA expression in myotubes from female donors. Thus, our data suggest that testosterone or E2 modulates muscle glucose and lipid metabolism and may play a role in metabolism in a sex-dependent manner.

scholarly journals High-dose Glycerol Monolaurate Up-Regulated Beneficial Indigenous Microbiota without Inducing Metabolic Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammation: New Insights into Its Antimicrobial Potential

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiufen Mo ◽  
Aikun Fu ◽  
Lingli Deng ◽  
Minjie Zhao ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glycerol Monolaurate ◽  
Indigenous Microbiota ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Glycerol monolaurate (GML) has potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study aimed to assess the dose-dependent antimicrobial-effects of GML on the gut microbiota, glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory response in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were fed on diets supplemented with GML at dose of 400, 800 and 1600 mg kg−1 for 4 months, respectively. Results showed that supplementation of GML, regardless of the dosages, induced modest body weight gain without affecting epididymal/brown fat pad, lipid profiles and glycemic markers. A high dose of GML (1600 mg kg−1) showed positive impacts on the anti-inflammatory TGF-β1 and IL-22. GML modulated the indigenous microbiota in a dose-dependent manner. It was found that 400 and 800 mg kg−1 GML improved the richness of Barnesiella, whereas a high dosage of GML (1600 mg kg−1) significantly increased the relative abundances of Clostridium XIVa, Oscillibacter and Parasutterella. The present work indicated that GML could upregulate the favorable microbial taxa without inducing systemic inflammation and dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Estradiol promotes cells invasion by activating β-catenin signaling pathway in endometriosis

Reproduction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqian Xiong ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Lan Yu ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
Yicun Man ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
T Cell Factor ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Enhancer Factor

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease that involves the adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis of endometrial tissues outside of the uterine cavity. We hypothesized that a link exists between estrogen and beta-catenin (β-catenin) signaling in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were separated from eutopic endometrial tissues that were obtained from patients with endometriosis. β-catenin expression and cells invasiveness ability were up-regulated by 17β-estradiol (E2) in an estrogen receptor (ESR)-dependent manner, whereas β-catenin siRNA abrogated this phenomenon. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation and dual immunofluorescence studies confirmed ESR1, β-catenin, and lymphoid enhancer factor 1/T cell factor 3 co-localization in the nucleus in HESCs after E2 treatment. To determine the role of β-catenin signaling in the implantation of ectopic endometrium, we xenotransplanted eutopic endometrium from endometriosis patients into ovariectomized severe combined immunodeficiency mice. The implantation of the endometrium was suppressed by β-catenin siRNA. Collectively, studies regarding β-catenin signaling are critical for improving our understanding of the pathogenesis of estrogen-induced endometriosis, which can translate into the development of treatments and therapeutic strategies for endometriosis.

scholarly journals Role of bone morphogenetic protein‐9 in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 10077-10088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Yang ◽  
Zerong Liang ◽  
Mengliu Yang ◽  
Yanjun Jia ◽  
Gangyi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9

scholarly journals Maternal consumption of high-prebiotic fibre or -protein diets during pregnancy and lactation differentially influences satiety hormones and expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in offspring in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alannah D. Maurer ◽  
Raylene A. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Risk of developing the metabolic syndrome may be influenced by nutritional environment early in life. We examined the effects of high-fibre (HF) and high-protein (HP) diets consumed during pregnancy and lactation on satiety hormones and expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in offspring. Wistar dams were fed a control (C), HF or HP diets during pregnancy and lactation. At parturition, litters were culled to ten pups. At 21 d, all pups were weaned onto C diet. At 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 d after birth, blood was analysed for satiety hormones and tissues for mRNA expression in offspring. No differences were observed in litter size or birth weight. At 21 d, offspring of HF dams had greater adjusted intestinal mass and lower liver weight than those of C but not of HP dams. Plasma glucose at 28 d and amylin at 7, 14 and 28 d were lower in HF v. C and HP offspring. Glucagon-like peptide-1 was higher in HP offspring than in HF offspring at 7 d but was higher in HF v. C offspring at 21 d. Offspring of HF dams had higher glucose transporter (GLUT2 and Na+-dependent glucose/galactose transporter) mRNA expression at 21 d v. C and HP offspring. In brown adipose tissue, HF and HP up-regulated uncoupling protein-1 and PPAR-γ coactivator. HP was associated with increased resistin and IL-6 mRNA expression. The present study demonstrates that maternal diet composition differentially regulates circulating satiety hormones and genes involved in glucose transport and energy metabolism in offspring. These early changes could have long-term consequences for obesity risk.

Dietary milk fat globule membrane improves endurance capacity in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (8) ◽  
pp. R1009-R1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Haramizu ◽  
Noriyasu Ota ◽  
Atsuko Otsuka ◽  
Kohjiro Hashizume ◽  
Satoshi Sugita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Milk Fat Globule Membrane ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Fat Globule ◽  
Dose Dependent

Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) comprises carbohydrates, membrane-specific proteins, glycoproteins, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. We evaluated the effects of MFGM consumption over a 12-wk period on endurance capacity and energy metabolism in BALB/c mice. Long-term MFGM intake combined with regular exercise improved endurance capacity, as evidenced by swimming time until fatigue, in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of dietary MFGM plus exercise was accompanied by higher oxygen consumption and lower respiratory quotient, as determined by indirect calorimetry. MFGM intake combined with exercise increased plasma levels of free fatty acids after swimming. After chronic intake of MFGM combined with exercise, the triglyceride content in the gastrocnemius muscle increased significantly. Mice given MFGM combined with exercise had higher mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (Pgc1α) and CPT-1b in the soleus muscle at rest, suggesting that increased lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle contributes, in part, to improved endurance capacity. MFGM treatment with cyclic equibiaxial stretch consisting of 10% elongation at 0.5 Hz with 1 h on and 5 h off increased the Pgc1α mRNA expression of differentiating C2C12 myoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Supplementation with sphingomyelin increased endurance capacity in mice and Pgc1α mRNA expression in the soleus muscle in vivo and in differentiating myoblasts in vitro. These results indicate that dietary MFGM combined with exercise improves endurance performance via increased lipid metabolism and that sphingomyelin may be one of the components responsible for the beneficial effects of dietary MFGM.

scholarly journals Palmitoylation-dependent Estrogen Receptor α Membrane Localization: Regulation by 17β-Estradiol

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Acconcia ◽  
Paolo Ascenzi ◽  
Alessio Bocedi ◽  
Enzo Spisni ◽  
Vittorio Tomasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Membrane Localization ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
17Β Estradiol

A fraction of the nuclear estrogen receptor α (ERα) is localized to the plasma membrane region of 17β-estradiol (E2) target cells. We previously reported that ERα is a palmitoylated protein. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism of ERα residence at the plasma membrane, we tested both the role of palmitoylation and the impact of E2 stimulation on ERα membrane localization. The cancer cell lines expressing transfected or endogenous human ERα (HeLa and HepG2, respectively) or the ERα nonpalmitoylable Cys447Ala mutant transfected in HeLa cells were used as experimental models. We found that palmitoylation of ERα enacts ERα association with the plasma membrane, interaction with the membrane protein caveolin-1, and nongenomic activities, including activation of signaling pathways and cell proliferation (i.e., ERK and AKT activation, cyclin D1 promoter activity, DNA synthesis). Moreover, E2 reduces both ERα palmitoylation and its interaction with caveolin-1, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These data point to the physiological role of ERα palmitoylation in the receptor localization to the cell membrane and in the regulation of the E2-induced cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Role of glutathione peroxidase 1 in glucose and lipid metabolism-related diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Qiang Huang ◽  
Ji-Chang Zhou ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Wu ◽  
Fa-Zheng Ren ◽  
Xin Gen Lei
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism
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