Effect of nanofibrillated cellulose made from enzyme-pretreated bamboo pulp on paper strength

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 964-978
Author(s):  
Hae Min Jo ◽  
Ji Young Lee ◽  
Su Ho Kim ◽  
Yeon Hui Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Strength Enhancement ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Similar Improvement ◽  
Bamboo Pulp ◽  
Enzyme Pretreatment

The applicability of bleached bamboo kraft pulp (Ba-BKP) was explored as a raw material for the manufacture of nanofibrillated cellulose (EN-NFC) made of enzyme-pretreated pulps and the effects of the EN-NFC on enhancing paper strength. The Ba-BKP was pretreated using an endo-glucanase enzyme at 50 °C and pH 6, after which the EN-NFC was made by micro-grinding. Bleached hardwood kraft pulp (Hw-BKP) was used as a control, and the non-enzymatic refining pretreatment of BKPs was compared with the enzyme pretreatment. The EN-NFC was incorporated into handsheets, and the sheet strengths were measured. The physical properties of the NFC made from the Ba-BKP were similar to those made from the Hw-BKP. The NFC prepared following enzyme pretreatment were smaller and more uniform than those pretreated with refining. The EN-NFC made from the Ba-BKP was effective at enhancing tensile index by 52.7%, and burst index by 210.2% when 2% of EN-NFC was added in the furnish, and those of handsheets containing the EN-NFC made from Hw-BKP showed the similar improvement. Therefore, Ba-BKP can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of EN-NFC that confers similar physical properties and strength enhancement to paper as those made from Hw-BKP.

scholarly journals Potensi Penggunaan Dua Spesies Agave untuk Pembuatan Pulp dan Kertas

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Arini Hidayati Jamil ◽  
Heronimus Judi Tjahjono ◽  
Parnidi Parnidi ◽  
Marjani Marjani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Fiber Morphology ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Agave Sisalana

Potential of Two Agave Species for Pulp and Paper MakingAbstractBoth of Agave sisalana and A. cantala are the most favorite agave species for fiber producer plant in Indonesia. Nevertheless, research study for using fiber of A. sisalana and A. cantala for pulp and paper purpose is hard to find. This study aims to observe the characteristics of A. sisalana and A. cantala fibers as a raw material of pulp including fiber morphology, chemical components, pulp characteristics, optical and physical properties of the handsheets. The observation of all characters was based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The pulping method used both of soda process with 18% active alkali and kraft process with 18% active alkali and 25% sulfidity. The result of the study for the handsheets from A. sisalana and A. cantala fibers shows that the brightness, dirt, and tear index were fulfilled to SNI standard for NBKP while the tensile index and burst index just fulfilled to SNI standard for LBKP. The handsheet of A. sisalana fiber has a higher tear index, tensile index, and burst index than the A. cantala ones. Soda pulping of both agave species resulting higher pulp yield, cellulose polymerization degrees and physical properties than kraft pulping.Keywords : Agave sisalana, A. cantala, characteristics of the fiber, pulp AbstrakAgave sisalana dan A. cantala merupakan dua spesies agave yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia sebagai tanaman penghasil serat alam. Namun penelitian mengenai fungsi serat A. sisalana dan A. cantala sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas masih sulit ditemukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik serat A. sisalana dan A. cantala sebagai bahan baku pulp yang meliputi morfologi serat, komposisi komponen kimia, karakeristik pulp, sifat optik dan fisik lembaran pulp yang dihasilkan. Pengamatan seluruh karakter dilakukan berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Pemasakan menggunakan metode soda dengan alkali aktif 18% dan kraft dengan alkali aktif 18% dan sulfiditas 25%. Hasil pengamatan pada lembaran pulp yang dihasilkan dari serat A. sisalana dan A. cantala menunjukkan bahwa derajat cerah, noda, dan kekuatan sobek memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) Pulp Kraft Putih Kayujarum (NBKP) sementara kekuatan tarik dan kekuatan retak memenuhi SNI Pulp Krat Putih Kayudaun (LBKP). Lembaran pulp A. sisalana memiliki kekuatan sobek, tarik, dan retak lebih tinggi dibanding lembaran pulp A. cantala. Metode pemasakan soda pada serat kedua spesies agave tersebut menghasilkan rendemen pulp, derajat polimerisasi selulosa, dan kekuatan fisik lebih baik dibanding metode kraft.Kata kunci : Agave sisalana, A. cantala, karakteristik serat, pulp 

scholarly journals MODIFIKASI PERMUKAAN SERAT LBKP DAN HASIL DEINKING DENGAN KARBOKSIMETIL SELULOSA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny Kurnia Wirawan ◽  
Nina Elyani ◽  
Jenni Rismijana
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Tear Index

The strength properties of paper are strongly affected by fiber quality. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of modification fiber by carboxymethylation of leaf bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) and deinked pulp (DIP) by using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Carboxymethylation was carried out by addition of various concentration of CMC and cationic agent of CaCl2. Handsheets with 70 gsm were made from the stock, and the physical properties were tested as the tensile index, stretch, tensile energy absorption (TEA), tearing index, and bursting index as well as SEM analysis. The results showed that the highest increase of fiber strength of LBKP and DIP was achieved by addition of 1% CMC and 9.19% CaCl2. For LBKP, the increasing of tensile index was 18.1%, stretch 27%, TEA 30.2%, tear index 7,8 % and burst index 16,7%. Whereas for DIP, the increasing of tensile index reached 29.9%, stretch 22.2%, TEA 61.2%, tear index 20.7% and burst index 63.1%. From the results of SEM analysis showed that the addition of CMC and CaCl2 increased fiber bonding.Keywords: CMC, LBKP, DIP ABSTRAK Sifat kekuatan kertas sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas serat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh modifikasi serat kraft putih kayu daun (LBKP) dan serat hasil deinking (DIP) dengan karboksimetilasi menggunakan karboksimetil selulosa (CMC). Modifikasi secara karboksimetilasi dilakukan dengan variasi penambahan CMC dan sebagai cationic agent CaCl2. Lembaran dibuat dari stok dengan gramatur 70 gsm, kemudian dilakukan pengujian fisik dengan parameter indeks tarik, regang, TEA, indeks sobek dan indeks retak. Selain itu lembaran juga diuji morfologi dan SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan kekuatan lembaran tertinggi dicapai oleh LBKP maupun DIP, pada kondisi penambahan 1% CMC and 9.19% CaCl2. Untuk LBKP peningkatan indeks tarik adalah 18,1%, regang 27%, TEA 30,2%, indeks sobek 7,8 % dan indeks retak 16,7%. Sedangkan untuk DIP, peningkatan indeks tarik mencapai 29,9%, regang 22,2%, TEA 61,2%, indeks sobek 20,7% dan indeks retak 63,1%. Hasil analisa SEM menunjukan bahwa dengan penambahan CMC dan CaCl2, mengakibatkan terjadi peningkatan ikatan antar serat.Kata kunci: CMC, LBKP, DIP

Antioxidant property of TCF pulp with a high hexenuronic acid (HexA) content

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Valls ◽  
M. Blanca Roncero
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Elemental Chlorine ◽  
Enzyme Pretreatment ◽  
Extraction Stage ◽  
Hexenuronic Acid ◽  
Oxidized Products

Abstract Totally chlorine free (TCF) pulp with a high content of hexenuronic acids (HexAs) was found to possess a high antioxidant power. The contribution of HexA to kappa number in unbleached Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulp was estimated to be 1.05 units per 10 μmol of HexA. The variation of HexA and lignin contents in enzymatic elemental chlorine free (ECF) and TCF sequences was monitored, and interesting effects were observed during the TCF XLE sequence, where X denotes an enzyme pretreatment with xylanase, L a laccase-mediator stage, and E an alkaline extraction stage. Thus, HexA removal during L stage was strongly enhanced after the X stage; also, the HexA content was decreased by the alkaline stage. None of these effects was observed in the ECF sequence with chlorine dioxide. The antioxidant power detected in HexA makes TCF pulp an excellent raw material for manufacturing packaging for easily oxidized products.

Properties of Gigantochloa scortechinii Paper Enhancement by Beating Revolution

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Nurul Husna Mohd Hassan ◽  
Suhaimi Muhammed ◽  
Rushdan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Paper Strength ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Bamboo Pulp ◽  
Folding Endurance

The effect of bamboo portions and beating revolution on paper made from Gigantochloa scortechinii was determined. The bamboo was pulped using soda- anthraquinone (AQ) pulping comparing two pulping conditions (alkali 15 & 20%, temperature 160 & 170°C) for different bamboo portions consisted of top, middle and bottom. Hand sheets from unbeaten bamboo paper were made and the tensile index, tearing index, bursting index and folding endurance ranged from 16.35 - 32.54 Nm/g, 9.6 - 13.45 mN.m2/g, 0.81 - 1.54 kPa.m2/g and 3 - 9 double folds respectively. After that the bamboo pulp went through beating process and the tensile, tearing and bursting index and folding endurance for bamboo paper rose tremendously from 41.23 - 83.9 Nm/g, 16.64 - 27.13 mN.m2/g, 2.58 - 6.67 kPa.m2/g and 48 - 1769 double folds respectively. This revealed that bamboo paper strength can be enhanced by beating process without adding any additives.

scholarly journals Optimization of Technological Parameters of Straw Fiber-Based Plant Fiber Seedling Pot Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7152
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Qian-Jin Zhu ◽  
Shuai Gao ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Long-Hai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pulp Fiber ◽  
Plant Fiber ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Softwood Kraft Pulp

Straw fiber seedling pots are a promising substitute for plastic seedling pots. The mixing mode of straw fiber affects the mechanical properties of the raw material membrane of the seedling pot. To explore the processing technology of making the raw material membrane of the seedling pot with two kinds of plant fibers in a layered manner, the optimal combination of the process parameters of the raw material membrane of the seedling pot without additives in the production process was studied experimentally. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze the parameters (beating degree of unbleached softwood kraft pulp fiber, beating degree of wheat straw fiber, wheat straw fiber quality percentage content, and film grammage) with regard to the dry tensile index and Z-direction tensile index of the seedling pot body. The optimal process parameter combination with a certain dry tensile index and Z-direction tensile index of seedling pot raw material was obtained by using four factors and five levels of a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination design parameter optimization experiment. The optimal technical parameters were optimized as wheat straw fiber quality percentage content 70%, film grammage 70 g/m2, unbleached softwood kraft pulp fiber beating degree 47–48 °SR, and wheat straw fiber beating degree 65–75 °SR. With the optimal conditions, the dry tensile index of the seedling bowl raw material film was between 21 and 22 N·(m·g−1), and the Z-direction tensile index was greater than 2.1 N·(m·g−1). Using wheat straw fibers and unbleached sulfite wood pulp fibers as raw materials for seedling pots, the raw material membrane of the seedling pots was made in a layered manner. The experimental study proved this feasibility. With this mixing process of raw materials, the straw fiber-based plant fiber seedling pot would meet the demands of a crop nursery after adding chemical additives. The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the manufacture of the raw material membrane of the seedling pot body.

Research on Biological Modification of Pulp to Improve the Strength of Paper

2013 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Ai Yun Long ◽  
Chuan Shan Zhao ◽  
Wen Jia Han ◽  
Yi Fei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Pulp Consistency ◽  
Pulp Properties ◽  
Biological Modification

Based on the domestic OCC pulp as raw material, it was found that the optimum conditions for laccase treatment were: the concentration of laccase 16U/g dry pulp, the pulp consistency 5%, temperature 50 °C, pH=5.0 and reaction time 90min. OCC treated with laccase alone can improve paper strength properties. The dry tensile index and wet tensile index of the control sample were 21.80 Nm/g and 0.22 Nm/g, respectively. The dry tensile index and wet tensile index after OCC treated with laccase alone were 23.36 Nm/g and 0.28 Nm /g. Comparing to the control pulp, the dry tensile index and wet tensile index of OCC treated with laccase were increased by 6.88% and 27.3%, respectively. At the same time, the laccase system can obviously improve the strength of the pulp properties with adding the mediator, especially using histidine, the dry and wet strength of paper was largely improved.

ZIRCAR ZIRCONIA POWDER TYPE ZYP-4.5

Alloy Digest ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Yttrium Oxide ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Zirconia Powder ◽  
Tetragonal Crystal ◽  
Powder Type

Abstract ZIRCAR ZIRCONIA POWDER TYPEZYP-4.5 is a highly reactive form of zirconium oxide stabilized in the tetragonal crystal state with added yttrium oxide. It is an excellent raw material for producing dense structural and wear resistant parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and bend strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on powder metal forms. Filing Code: Cer-1. Producer or source: Zircar Products Inc..

Use of Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes as Raw Material in the Replacement of Fluxes for Applications on Porcelain Tile

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundo J.S. Paranhos ◽  
Wilson Acchar ◽  
Vamberto Monteiro Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Porcelain Tile

This study evaluated the potential use of Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes (SBA) as a flux, replacing phyllite for the production of enamelled porcelain tile. The raw materials of the standard mass components and the SBA residue were characterized by testing by XRF, XRD, AG, DTA and TGA. Test samples were fabricated, assembled in lots of 3 units and sintered at temperatures of 1150 ° C to 1210 ° C. The results of the physical properties, mechanical properties and SEM of the sintered samples, showed that the formulation, G4 - in which applied 10% of SBA replacing phyllite, sintering temperature 1210 ° C showed better performance as the previously mentioned properties due to the formation of mullite crystals, meeting the prerequisites of standards for enamelled porcelain tile, while reducing the environmental impact and the cost of production.

The Experimental of Low Temperature Color Slip for Decorative on Earthenware Body

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
Soravich Mulinta
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Ferric Oxide ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Yellow Color

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of dolomite body, frit and potassium feldspar on the properties of color slip for decorative method of color slip on earthen ware production. The characterization of raw material was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The experiment started with triaxial blend of dolomite body, frit and potassium feldspar in the defined ratio and then to painting of color slips on earthenware production. After that, firing specimens at 950 °C in oxidation atmosphere. Finally, the specimens were tested microstructure and physical properties. The results showed that the ratio of 50% dolomite body, 40% frit and 10% potassium feldspar were optimum properties for decorative on earthenware body. In color slip consisting of blue color added Cobalt oxide 1% ,Green colors added chromic oxide 10% , Gray color added manganese oxide 10% ,yellow color added stain 2225 10% and hazel color added ferric oxide 2 wt %.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document